Renal Artery Calcium, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Indices of Renal Function

Renal Artery Calcium, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Indices of Renal Function

Vascular calcium is well studied in the coronary and peripheral arteries although there is limited data focusing on calcium deposits specific to renal arteries. The associations between renal artery calcium (RAC), cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and indices of renal function are unknown....

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Veröffentlicht in:The American journal of cardiology 2013-10, Vol.113 (1)
Hauptverfasser: Roseman, Daniel A., Hwang, Shih-Jen, Manders, Emily S., O’Donnell, Christopher J., Upadhyay, Ashish, Hoffmann, Udo, Fox, Caroline S.
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container_issue 1
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container_title The American journal of cardiology
container_volume 113
creator Roseman, Daniel A.
Hwang, Shih-Jen
Manders, Emily S.
O’Donnell, Christopher J.
Upadhyay, Ashish
Hoffmann, Udo
Fox, Caroline S.
description Vascular calcium is well studied in the coronary and peripheral arteries although there is limited data focusing on calcium deposits specific to renal arteries. The associations between renal artery calcium (RAC), cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and indices of renal function are unknown. We examined 2699 Framingham Heart Study participants who were part of a multidetector computed tomography substudy from 2008–2011. RAC was measured as a calcified plaque of >130 Hounsfield units and an area of >3 contiguous pixels. Detectable RAC was defined as an Agatston score >0. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as an eGFR
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.09.036
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The associations between renal artery calcium (RAC), cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and indices of renal function are unknown. We examined 2699 Framingham Heart Study participants who were part of a multidetector computed tomography substudy from 2008–2011. RAC was measured as a calcified plaque of &gt;130 Hounsfield units and an area of &gt;3 contiguous pixels. Detectable RAC was defined as an Agatston score &gt;0. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as an eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73m 2 . Microalbuminuria was defined as ACR ≥17 mg/g for men and ≥25 mg/g for women. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between RAC, CVD risk factors, and renal function. The associations were secondarily adjusted for coronary artery calcium (CAC) that was used as a marker of non-renal systemic vascular calcium. The prevalence of RAC was 28.2%; this was similar in women (28.8%) and men (27.5%). Individuals with RAC had a higher odds of microalbuminuria (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.22–2.61, p=0.003), hypertension (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.69–2.64, p&lt;0.001) and diabetes (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.14–2.24, p=0.01) but not CKD (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.58–1.32). After adjustment for CAC, the association with microalbuminuria and hypertension persisted but the association with diabetes became non-significant. In conclusion, RAC is common and independently associated with microalbuminuria and hypertension after adjustment for non-renal vascular calcium. 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Individuals with RAC had a higher odds of microalbuminuria (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.22–2.61, p=0.003), hypertension (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.69–2.64, p&lt;0.001) and diabetes (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.14–2.24, p=0.01) but not CKD (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.58–1.32). After adjustment for CAC, the association with microalbuminuria and hypertension persisted but the association with diabetes became non-significant. In conclusion, RAC is common and independently associated with microalbuminuria and hypertension after adjustment for non-renal vascular calcium. 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