Hiding the evidence: two strategies for innate immune evasion by hemorrhagic fever viruses
► Structural studies demonstrate different mechanisms of viral immune evasion. ► Ebola virus VP35 forms a novel, asymmetric dimer that masks double-stranded RNA. ► Lassa virus NP is, unexpectedly, a double-stranded RNA-specific exonuclease. The innate immune system is one of the first lines of defen...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Current opinion in virology 2012-04, Vol.2 (2), p.151-156 |
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| creator | Hastie, Kathryn M Bale, Shridhar Kimberlin, Christopher R Saphire, Erica Ollmann |
| description | ► Structural studies demonstrate different mechanisms of viral immune evasion. ► Ebola virus VP35 forms a novel, asymmetric dimer that masks double-stranded RNA. ► Lassa virus NP is, unexpectedly, a double-stranded RNA-specific exonuclease.
The innate immune system is one of the first lines of defense against invading pathogens. Pathogens have, in turn, evolved different strategies to counteract these responses. Recent studies have illuminated how the hemorrhagic fever viruses Ebola and Lassa fever prevent host sensing of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a key hallmark of viral infection. The ebolavirus protein VP35 adopts a unique bimodal configuration to mask key cellular recognition sites on dsRNA. Conversely, the Lassa fever virus nucleoprotein actually digests the dsRNA signature. Collectively, these structural and functional studies shed new light on the mechanisms of pathogenesis of these viruses and provide new targets for therapeutic intervention. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.01.003 |
| format | Article |
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The innate immune system is one of the first lines of defense against invading pathogens. Pathogens have, in turn, evolved different strategies to counteract these responses. Recent studies have illuminated how the hemorrhagic fever viruses Ebola and Lassa fever prevent host sensing of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a key hallmark of viral infection. The ebolavirus protein VP35 adopts a unique bimodal configuration to mask key cellular recognition sites on dsRNA. Conversely, the Lassa fever virus nucleoprotein actually digests the dsRNA signature. Collectively, these structural and functional studies shed new light on the mechanisms of pathogenesis of these viruses and provide new targets for therapeutic intervention.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1879-6257</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-6265</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.01.003</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22482712</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Double-stranded RNA ; Ebola virus ; Ebolavirus - genetics ; Ebolavirus - immunology ; Hemorrhagic fever ; Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - immunology ; Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - virology ; Humans ; Immune Evasion ; Immune system ; Immunity, Innate ; Infection ; Lassa fever ; Lassa virus ; Lassa virus - genetics ; Lassa virus - immunology ; Nucleoproteins ; Pathogens ; Reviews ; Structure-function relationships ; Therapeutic applications ; Viral Proteins - genetics ; Viral Proteins - immunology</subject><ispartof>Current opinion in virology, 2012-04, Vol.2 (2), p.151-156</ispartof><rights>2012</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-9a8c5e1e01ccd44d41db605c92512c236f5ea04a34690221ace75f08e18daee73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-9a8c5e1e01ccd44d41db605c92512c236f5ea04a34690221ace75f08e18daee73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625712000053$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22482712$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/1120994$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hastie, Kathryn M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bale, Shridhar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kimberlin, Christopher R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saphire, Erica Ollmann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)</creatorcontrib><title>Hiding the evidence: two strategies for innate immune evasion by hemorrhagic fever viruses</title><title>Current opinion in virology</title><addtitle>Curr Opin Virol</addtitle><description>► Structural studies demonstrate different mechanisms of viral immune evasion. ► Ebola virus VP35 forms a novel, asymmetric dimer that masks double-stranded RNA. ► Lassa virus NP is, unexpectedly, a double-stranded RNA-specific exonuclease.
The innate immune system is one of the first lines of defense against invading pathogens. Pathogens have, in turn, evolved different strategies to counteract these responses. Recent studies have illuminated how the hemorrhagic fever viruses Ebola and Lassa fever prevent host sensing of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a key hallmark of viral infection. The ebolavirus protein VP35 adopts a unique bimodal configuration to mask key cellular recognition sites on dsRNA. Conversely, the Lassa fever virus nucleoprotein actually digests the dsRNA signature. Collectively, these structural and functional studies shed new light on the mechanisms of pathogenesis of these viruses and provide new targets for therapeutic intervention.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Double-stranded RNA</subject><subject>Ebola virus</subject><subject>Ebolavirus - genetics</subject><subject>Ebolavirus - immunology</subject><subject>Hemorrhagic fever</subject><subject>Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - immunology</subject><subject>Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - virology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune Evasion</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunity, Innate</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Lassa fever</subject><subject>Lassa virus</subject><subject>Lassa virus - genetics</subject><subject>Lassa virus - immunology</subject><subject>Nucleoproteins</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Reviews</subject><subject>Structure-function relationships</subject><subject>Therapeutic applications</subject><subject>Viral Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Viral Proteins - immunology</subject><issn>1879-6257</issn><issn>1879-6265</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1v1DAQhi0EolXpP0DI4gKXDR47TmIOSFUFFKkSF7hwsbzOZOPVxi62E9R_j6MtC1zqiz3yM-98vIS8BFYBg-bdvrJhcTFUnAGvGFSMiSfkHLpWbRreyKent2zPyGVKe1aObEBJeE7OOK873gI_Jz9uXO_8juYRKS6uR2_xPc2_Ak05mow7h4kOIVLnfQmpm6bZr6hJLni6vacjTiHG0eycpQMuGGlpbE6YXpBngzkkvHy4L8j3Tx-_Xd9sbr9-_nJ9dbuxkvO8UaazEgEZWNvXdV9Dv22YtIpL4JaLZpBoWG1E3SjGORiLrRxYh9D1BrEVF-TDUfdu3k7YW_Sl84O-i24y8V4H4_T_P96NehcWLVrZcSmKwOujQEjZ6WRdRjva4D3arAE4U6ou0JuHKjH8nDFlPblk8XAwHsOctFKiOAOiKeTbR8kV46xjYhWtj6iNIaWIw6lrYCvX6L0-Gq1XozUDXYwuaa_-nfiU9MfWvyvBsvfFYVynWq3tXVyH6oN7vMJvRWa8fQ</recordid><startdate>20120401</startdate><enddate>20120401</enddate><creator>Hastie, Kathryn M</creator><creator>Bale, Shridhar</creator><creator>Kimberlin, Christopher R</creator><creator>Saphire, Erica Ollmann</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Published by Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120401</creationdate><title>Hiding the evidence: two strategies for innate immune evasion by hemorrhagic fever viruses</title><author>Hastie, Kathryn M ; Bale, Shridhar ; Kimberlin, Christopher R ; Saphire, Erica Ollmann</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-9a8c5e1e01ccd44d41db605c92512c236f5ea04a34690221ace75f08e18daee73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Double-stranded RNA</topic><topic>Ebola virus</topic><topic>Ebolavirus - genetics</topic><topic>Ebolavirus - immunology</topic><topic>Hemorrhagic fever</topic><topic>Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - immunology</topic><topic>Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - virology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immune Evasion</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunity, Innate</topic><topic>Infection</topic><topic>Lassa fever</topic><topic>Lassa virus</topic><topic>Lassa virus - genetics</topic><topic>Lassa virus - immunology</topic><topic>Nucleoproteins</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Reviews</topic><topic>Structure-function relationships</topic><topic>Therapeutic applications</topic><topic>Viral Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Viral Proteins - immunology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hastie, Kathryn M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bale, Shridhar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kimberlin, Christopher R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saphire, Erica Ollmann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Argonne National Lab. 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Advanced Photon Source (APS)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hiding the evidence: two strategies for innate immune evasion by hemorrhagic fever viruses</atitle><jtitle>Current opinion in virology</jtitle><addtitle>Curr Opin Virol</addtitle><date>2012-04-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>2</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>151</spage><epage>156</epage><pages>151-156</pages><issn>1879-6257</issn><eissn>1879-6265</eissn><abstract>► Structural studies demonstrate different mechanisms of viral immune evasion. ► Ebola virus VP35 forms a novel, asymmetric dimer that masks double-stranded RNA. ► Lassa virus NP is, unexpectedly, a double-stranded RNA-specific exonuclease.
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| subjects | Animals Double-stranded RNA Ebola virus Ebolavirus - genetics Ebolavirus - immunology Hemorrhagic fever Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - immunology Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - virology Humans Immune Evasion Immune system Immunity, Innate Infection Lassa fever Lassa virus Lassa virus - genetics Lassa virus - immunology Nucleoproteins Pathogens Reviews Structure-function relationships Therapeutic applications Viral Proteins - genetics Viral Proteins - immunology |
| title | Hiding the evidence: two strategies for innate immune evasion by hemorrhagic fever viruses |
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