Costs of Parkinson’s Disease in a Privately Insured Population
Background This is the first analysis to estimate the costs of commercially insured patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the USA. Prior analyses of PD have not examined costs in patients aged under 65 years, a majority of whom are in the workforce. Objective Our objective was to estimate direct...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PharmacoEconomics 2013-09, Vol.31 (9), p.799-806 |
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| creator | Johnson, Scott J. Kaltenboeck, Anna Diener, Melissa Birnbaum, Howard G. Grubb, ElizaBeth Castelli-Haley, Jane Siderowf, Andrew D. |
| description | Background
This is the first analysis to estimate the costs of commercially insured patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the USA. Prior analyses of PD have not examined costs in patients aged under 65 years, a majority of whom are in the workforce.
Objective
Our objective was to estimate direct and indirect costs associated with PD in patients under the age of 65 years who are newly diagnosed or have evidence of advanced PD.
Methods
PD patients were selected from a commercially insured claims database (
N
> 12,000,000; 1999–2009); workloss data were available for a sub-sample of enrollees. Newly diagnosed patients with evidence of similar disorders were excluded. Patients with evidence of advanced PD disease, including ambulatory assistance device users (PDAAD) and institutionalized (PDINST) patients, as well as newly diagnosed PD patients, were analyzed. Each PD cohort was age-, gender- and region-matched to controls without PD. Direct (i.e. insurer payments to providers) and indirect (i.e. workloss) costs were reported in $US, year 2010 values, and were descriptively compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests.
Results
Patients had excess mean direct PD-related costs of $US4,072 (
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s40273-013-0075-0 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_3757266</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A714595758</galeid><sourcerecordid>A714595758</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c567t-f87f636102cb1fe15aabcf6038e8087ae7801940f07d03c568356dbf5bf85fe03</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kc1u1DAQxy0Eou3CA3BBkRBSLyljJ_YkF9Rq-apUiT3A2XIce3HJ2oudVOqN1-D1eBIcdukHAlmWrZnf_Eczf0KeUTihAPgq1cCwKoHmC8hLeEAOKcW2ZDn-8PcfShQtHJCjlC4BQFTIHpMDVrWASPGQnC5DGlMRbLFS8avzKfif33-k4o1LRiVTOF-oYhXdlRrNcF2c-zRF0xersJ0GNbrgn5BHVg3JPN2_C_L53dtPyw_lxcf358uzi1JzgWNpG7SiEhSY7qg1lCvVaSugakwDDSqDDdC2BgvYQ5VrmoqLvrO8sw23BqoFeb3T3U7dxvTa-DGqQW6j26h4LYNy8n7Guy9yHa5khRyZEFngeC8Qw7fJpFFuXNJmGJQ3YUqS1qxllLPceUFe_IVehin6PF6mBKspFYi31FoNRjpvQ-6rZ1F5hrTmLUc-a538g8qnNxungzfW5fi9Aror0DGkFI29mZGCnG2XO9tltl3Otst5Oc_vLuem4o_PGXi5B1TSarBRee3SLYdYNxxmju24lFN-beKdyf_b_Rc8z8OP</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1462411677</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Costs of Parkinson’s Disease in a Privately Insured Population</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><creator>Johnson, Scott J. ; Kaltenboeck, Anna ; Diener, Melissa ; Birnbaum, Howard G. ; Grubb, ElizaBeth ; Castelli-Haley, Jane ; Siderowf, Andrew D.</creator><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Scott J. ; Kaltenboeck, Anna ; Diener, Melissa ; Birnbaum, Howard G. ; Grubb, ElizaBeth ; Castelli-Haley, Jane ; Siderowf, Andrew D.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
This is the first analysis to estimate the costs of commercially insured patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the USA. Prior analyses of PD have not examined costs in patients aged under 65 years, a majority of whom are in the workforce.
Objective
Our objective was to estimate direct and indirect costs associated with PD in patients under the age of 65 years who are newly diagnosed or have evidence of advanced PD.
Methods
PD patients were selected from a commercially insured claims database (
N
> 12,000,000; 1999–2009); workloss data were available for a sub-sample of enrollees. Newly diagnosed patients with evidence of similar disorders were excluded. Patients with evidence of advanced PD disease, including ambulatory assistance device users (PDAAD) and institutionalized (PDINST) patients, as well as newly diagnosed PD patients, were analyzed. Each PD cohort was age-, gender- and region-matched to controls without PD. Direct (i.e. insurer payments to providers) and indirect (i.e. workloss) costs were reported in $US, year 2010 values, and were descriptively compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests.
Results
Patients had excess mean direct PD-related costs of $US4,072 (
p
< 0.001;
N
= 781) in the year after diagnosis. The PDAAD cohort (
N
= 214) had excess direct PD-related costs of $US26,467 (
p
< 0.001) and the PDINST cohort (
N
= 156) had excess direct PD-related costs of $US37,410 (
p
< 0.001) in the year after entering these states. Outpatient care was the most expensive cost source for newly diagnosed patients, while inpatient care was the most expensive for PDAAD and PDINST patients. Excess indirect costs were $US3,311 (
p
< 0.05;
N
= 173) in the year after initial diagnosis.
Conclusions
Direct costs for newly diagnosed PD patients exceeded costs for controls without PD, and increased with PD progression. Direct costs were approximately 6–7 times higher in patients with advanced PD than in matched controls. Indirect costs represented 45 % of total excess costs for newly diagnosed PD patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1170-7690</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1179-2027</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s40273-013-0075-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23907717</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Absenteeism ; Age ; Ambulatory care ; Ambulatory Care - economics ; Anticonvulsants. Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents ; Biological and medical sciences ; Care and treatment ; Case-Control Studies ; Cost estimates ; Cost of Illness ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases ; Development and progression ; Direct costs ; Disability ; Disease ; Economic aspects ; Economy. Management ; Employers ; Female ; Gender ; Generic products ; Health Administration ; Health and social institutions ; Health Care Costs ; Health care expenditures ; Health Economics ; Health insurance ; Hospitalization - economics ; Humans ; Institutionalization ; Insurance, Health - economics ; Male ; Management ; Medical care, Cost of ; Medical sciences ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) ; Nervous system as a whole ; Neurology ; Neuropharmacology ; Original ; Original Research Article ; Overhead costs ; Parkinson Disease - diagnosis ; Parkinson Disease - economics ; Parkinson's disease ; Patients ; Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Prescription drugs ; Productivity ; Public Health ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Quality of Life Research ; Statistics ; United States</subject><ispartof>PharmacoEconomics, 2013-09, Vol.31 (9), p.799-806</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2013</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Springer</rights><rights>Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health Adis International Sep 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c567t-f87f636102cb1fe15aabcf6038e8087ae7801940f07d03c568356dbf5bf85fe03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c567t-f87f636102cb1fe15aabcf6038e8087ae7801940f07d03c568356dbf5bf85fe03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40273-013-0075-0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40273-013-0075-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,781,785,886,27926,27927,41490,42559,51321</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27748507$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23907717$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Scott J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaltenboeck, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diener, Melissa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birnbaum, Howard G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grubb, ElizaBeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castelli-Haley, Jane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siderowf, Andrew D.</creatorcontrib><title>Costs of Parkinson’s Disease in a Privately Insured Population</title><title>PharmacoEconomics</title><addtitle>PharmacoEconomics</addtitle><addtitle>Pharmacoeconomics</addtitle><description>Background
This is the first analysis to estimate the costs of commercially insured patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the USA. Prior analyses of PD have not examined costs in patients aged under 65 years, a majority of whom are in the workforce.
Objective
Our objective was to estimate direct and indirect costs associated with PD in patients under the age of 65 years who are newly diagnosed or have evidence of advanced PD.
Methods
PD patients were selected from a commercially insured claims database (
N
> 12,000,000; 1999–2009); workloss data were available for a sub-sample of enrollees. Newly diagnosed patients with evidence of similar disorders were excluded. Patients with evidence of advanced PD disease, including ambulatory assistance device users (PDAAD) and institutionalized (PDINST) patients, as well as newly diagnosed PD patients, were analyzed. Each PD cohort was age-, gender- and region-matched to controls without PD. Direct (i.e. insurer payments to providers) and indirect (i.e. workloss) costs were reported in $US, year 2010 values, and were descriptively compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests.
Results
Patients had excess mean direct PD-related costs of $US4,072 (
p
< 0.001;
N
= 781) in the year after diagnosis. The PDAAD cohort (
N
= 214) had excess direct PD-related costs of $US26,467 (
p
< 0.001) and the PDINST cohort (
N
= 156) had excess direct PD-related costs of $US37,410 (
p
< 0.001) in the year after entering these states. Outpatient care was the most expensive cost source for newly diagnosed patients, while inpatient care was the most expensive for PDAAD and PDINST patients. Excess indirect costs were $US3,311 (
p
< 0.05;
N
= 173) in the year after initial diagnosis.
Conclusions
Direct costs for newly diagnosed PD patients exceeded costs for controls without PD, and increased with PD progression. Direct costs were approximately 6–7 times higher in patients with advanced PD than in matched controls. Indirect costs represented 45 % of total excess costs for newly diagnosed PD patients.</description><subject>Absenteeism</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Ambulatory care</subject><subject>Ambulatory Care - economics</subject><subject>Anticonvulsants. Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Cost estimates</subject><subject>Cost of Illness</subject><subject>Costs and Cost Analysis</subject><subject>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Direct costs</subject><subject>Disability</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Economic aspects</subject><subject>Economy. Management</subject><subject>Employers</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Generic products</subject><subject>Health Administration</subject><subject>Health and social institutions</subject><subject>Health Care Costs</subject><subject>Health care expenditures</subject><subject>Health Economics</subject><subject>Health insurance</subject><subject>Hospitalization - economics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Institutionalization</subject><subject>Insurance, Health - economics</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Management</subject><subject>Medical care, Cost of</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</subject><subject>Nervous system as a whole</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neuropharmacology</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Original Research Article</subject><subject>Overhead costs</subject><subject>Parkinson Disease - diagnosis</subject><subject>Parkinson Disease - economics</subject><subject>Parkinson's disease</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Prescription drugs</subject><subject>Productivity</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Quality of Life Research</subject><subject>Statistics</subject><subject>United States</subject><issn>1170-7690</issn><issn>1179-2027</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc1u1DAQxy0Eou3CA3BBkRBSLyljJ_YkF9Rq-apUiT3A2XIce3HJ2oudVOqN1-D1eBIcdukHAlmWrZnf_Eczf0KeUTihAPgq1cCwKoHmC8hLeEAOKcW2ZDn-8PcfShQtHJCjlC4BQFTIHpMDVrWASPGQnC5DGlMRbLFS8avzKfif33-k4o1LRiVTOF-oYhXdlRrNcF2c-zRF0xersJ0GNbrgn5BHVg3JPN2_C_L53dtPyw_lxcf358uzi1JzgWNpG7SiEhSY7qg1lCvVaSugakwDDSqDDdC2BgvYQ5VrmoqLvrO8sw23BqoFeb3T3U7dxvTa-DGqQW6j26h4LYNy8n7Guy9yHa5khRyZEFngeC8Qw7fJpFFuXNJmGJQ3YUqS1qxllLPceUFe_IVehin6PF6mBKspFYi31FoNRjpvQ-6rZ1F5hrTmLUc-a538g8qnNxungzfW5fi9Aror0DGkFI29mZGCnG2XO9tltl3Otst5Oc_vLuem4o_PGXi5B1TSarBRee3SLYdYNxxmju24lFN-beKdyf_b_Rc8z8OP</recordid><startdate>20130901</startdate><enddate>20130901</enddate><creator>Johnson, Scott J.</creator><creator>Kaltenboeck, Anna</creator><creator>Diener, Melissa</creator><creator>Birnbaum, Howard G.</creator><creator>Grubb, ElizaBeth</creator><creator>Castelli-Haley, Jane</creator><creator>Siderowf, Andrew D.</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Adis International</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0U~</scope><scope>1-H</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.0</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130901</creationdate><title>Costs of Parkinson’s Disease in a Privately Insured Population</title><author>Johnson, Scott J. ; Kaltenboeck, Anna ; Diener, Melissa ; Birnbaum, Howard G. ; Grubb, ElizaBeth ; Castelli-Haley, Jane ; Siderowf, Andrew D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c567t-f87f636102cb1fe15aabcf6038e8087ae7801940f07d03c568356dbf5bf85fe03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Absenteeism</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Ambulatory care</topic><topic>Ambulatory Care - economics</topic><topic>Anticonvulsants. Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Cost estimates</topic><topic>Cost of Illness</topic><topic>Costs and Cost Analysis</topic><topic>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Direct costs</topic><topic>Disability</topic><topic>Disease</topic><topic>Economic aspects</topic><topic>Economy. Management</topic><topic>Employers</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender</topic><topic>Generic products</topic><topic>Health Administration</topic><topic>Health and social institutions</topic><topic>Health Care Costs</topic><topic>Health care expenditures</topic><topic>Health Economics</topic><topic>Health insurance</topic><topic>Hospitalization - economics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Institutionalization</topic><topic>Insurance, Health - economics</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Management</topic><topic>Medical care, Cost of</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</topic><topic>Nervous system as a whole</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neuropharmacology</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Original Research Article</topic><topic>Overhead costs</topic><topic>Parkinson Disease - diagnosis</topic><topic>Parkinson Disease - economics</topic><topic>Parkinson's disease</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Prescription drugs</topic><topic>Productivity</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Quality of Life Research</topic><topic>Statistics</topic><topic>United States</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Scott J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaltenboeck, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diener, Melissa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birnbaum, Howard G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grubb, ElizaBeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castelli-Haley, Jane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siderowf, Andrew D.</creatorcontrib><collection>SpringerOpen</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Global News & ABI/Inform Professional</collection><collection>Trade PRO</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>Access via ABI/INFORM (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Public Health Database (Proquest)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Standard</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health Management</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology Journals</collection><collection>One Business (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>PharmacoEconomics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Johnson, Scott J.</au><au>Kaltenboeck, Anna</au><au>Diener, Melissa</au><au>Birnbaum, Howard G.</au><au>Grubb, ElizaBeth</au><au>Castelli-Haley, Jane</au><au>Siderowf, Andrew D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Costs of Parkinson’s Disease in a Privately Insured Population</atitle><jtitle>PharmacoEconomics</jtitle><stitle>PharmacoEconomics</stitle><addtitle>Pharmacoeconomics</addtitle><date>2013-09-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>799</spage><epage>806</epage><pages>799-806</pages><issn>1170-7690</issn><eissn>1179-2027</eissn><abstract>Background
This is the first analysis to estimate the costs of commercially insured patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the USA. Prior analyses of PD have not examined costs in patients aged under 65 years, a majority of whom are in the workforce.
Objective
Our objective was to estimate direct and indirect costs associated with PD in patients under the age of 65 years who are newly diagnosed or have evidence of advanced PD.
Methods
PD patients were selected from a commercially insured claims database (
N
> 12,000,000; 1999–2009); workloss data were available for a sub-sample of enrollees. Newly diagnosed patients with evidence of similar disorders were excluded. Patients with evidence of advanced PD disease, including ambulatory assistance device users (PDAAD) and institutionalized (PDINST) patients, as well as newly diagnosed PD patients, were analyzed. Each PD cohort was age-, gender- and region-matched to controls without PD. Direct (i.e. insurer payments to providers) and indirect (i.e. workloss) costs were reported in $US, year 2010 values, and were descriptively compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests.
Results
Patients had excess mean direct PD-related costs of $US4,072 (
p
< 0.001;
N
= 781) in the year after diagnosis. The PDAAD cohort (
N
= 214) had excess direct PD-related costs of $US26,467 (
p
< 0.001) and the PDINST cohort (
N
= 156) had excess direct PD-related costs of $US37,410 (
p
< 0.001) in the year after entering these states. Outpatient care was the most expensive cost source for newly diagnosed patients, while inpatient care was the most expensive for PDAAD and PDINST patients. Excess indirect costs were $US3,311 (
p
< 0.05;
N
= 173) in the year after initial diagnosis.
Conclusions
Direct costs for newly diagnosed PD patients exceeded costs for controls without PD, and increased with PD progression. Direct costs were approximately 6–7 times higher in patients with advanced PD than in matched controls. Indirect costs represented 45 % of total excess costs for newly diagnosed PD patients.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>23907717</pmid><doi>10.1007/s40273-013-0075-0</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1170-7690 |
| ispartof | PharmacoEconomics, 2013-09, Vol.31 (9), p.799-806 |
| issn | 1170-7690 1179-2027 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_3757266 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Absenteeism Age Ambulatory care Ambulatory Care - economics Anticonvulsants. Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents Biological and medical sciences Care and treatment Case-Control Studies Cost estimates Cost of Illness Costs and Cost Analysis Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases Development and progression Direct costs Disability Disease Economic aspects Economy. Management Employers Female Gender Generic products Health Administration Health and social institutions Health Care Costs Health care expenditures Health Economics Health insurance Hospitalization - economics Humans Institutionalization Insurance, Health - economics Male Management Medical care, Cost of Medical sciences Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Nervous system as a whole Neurology Neuropharmacology Original Original Research Article Overhead costs Parkinson Disease - diagnosis Parkinson Disease - economics Parkinson's disease Patients Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes Pharmacology. Drug treatments Prescription drugs Productivity Public Health Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Quality of Life Research Statistics United States |
| title | Costs of Parkinson’s Disease in a Privately Insured Population |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-17T21%3A35%3A36IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Costs%20of%20Parkinson%E2%80%99s%20Disease%20in%20a%20Privately%20Insured%20Population&rft.jtitle=PharmacoEconomics&rft.au=Johnson,%20Scott%20J.&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=799&rft.epage=806&rft.pages=799-806&rft.issn=1170-7690&rft.eissn=1179-2027&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s40273-013-0075-0&rft_dat=%3Cgale_pubme%3EA714595758%3C/gale_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1462411677&rft_id=info:pmid/23907717&rft_galeid=A714595758&rfr_iscdi=true |