Development and Psychometric Properties of the OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) influences not only patients but also family members. Although the construct of family accommodation has received attention in OCD literature, no measures of overall family functioning are currently available. The OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale was developed t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of family psychology 2011-06, Vol.25 (3), p.434-443 |
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| creator | Stewart, S. Evelyn Hu, Yu-Pei Hezel, Dianne M. Proujansky, Rachel Lamstein, Abby Walsh, Casey Ben-Joseph, Elana Pearl Gironda, Christina Jenike, Michael Geller, Daniel A. Pauls, David L. |
| description | Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) influences not only patients but also family members. Although the construct of family accommodation has received attention in OCD literature, no measures of overall family functioning are currently available. The OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale was developed to explore the context, extent, and perspectives of functional impairment in families affected by OCD. It is a three-part, self-report measure capturing independent perspectives of patients and relatives. A total of 400 subjects were enrolled between 2008 and 2010 from specialized OCD clinics and OCD research studies. Psychometric properties of this scale were examined including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and divergent validity, and exploratory factor analyses. Both patient and relative versions of the OFF Scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.96). The test-retest reliability was also adequate (ICC = 0.80). Factor analyses determined that the OFF Scale comprises a family functioning impairment factor and four OCD symptom factors that were consistent with previously reported OCD symptom dimension studies. The OFF Scale demonstrated excellent convergent validity with the Family Accommodation Scale and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale. Information gathered regarding emotional impact and family role-specific impairment was novel and not captured by other examined scales. The OFF Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for the clinical and research assessment of family functioning in pediatric and adult OCD. This will facilitate the exploration of family functioning impairment as a potential risk factor, as a moderator and as a treatment outcome measure in OCD. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/a0023735 |
| format | Article |
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Evelyn ; Hu, Yu-Pei ; Hezel, Dianne M. ; Proujansky, Rachel ; Lamstein, Abby ; Walsh, Casey ; Ben-Joseph, Elana Pearl ; Gironda, Christina ; Jenike, Michael ; Geller, Daniel A. ; Pauls, David L.</creator><contributor>Kaslow, Nadine J</contributor><creatorcontrib>Stewart, S. Evelyn ; Hu, Yu-Pei ; Hezel, Dianne M. ; Proujansky, Rachel ; Lamstein, Abby ; Walsh, Casey ; Ben-Joseph, Elana Pearl ; Gironda, Christina ; Jenike, Michael ; Geller, Daniel A. ; Pauls, David L. ; Kaslow, Nadine J</creatorcontrib><description>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) influences not only patients but also family members. Although the construct of family accommodation has received attention in OCD literature, no measures of overall family functioning are currently available. The OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale was developed to explore the context, extent, and perspectives of functional impairment in families affected by OCD. It is a three-part, self-report measure capturing independent perspectives of patients and relatives. A total of 400 subjects were enrolled between 2008 and 2010 from specialized OCD clinics and OCD research studies. Psychometric properties of this scale were examined including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and divergent validity, and exploratory factor analyses. Both patient and relative versions of the OFF Scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.96). The test-retest reliability was also adequate (ICC = 0.80). Factor analyses determined that the OFF Scale comprises a family functioning impairment factor and four OCD symptom factors that were consistent with previously reported OCD symptom dimension studies. The OFF Scale demonstrated excellent convergent validity with the Family Accommodation Scale and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale. Information gathered regarding emotional impact and family role-specific impairment was novel and not captured by other examined scales. The OFF Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for the clinical and research assessment of family functioning in pediatric and adult OCD. This will facilitate the exploration of family functioning impairment as a potential risk factor, as a moderator and as a treatment outcome measure in OCD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0893-3200</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-1293</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/a0023735</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21553962</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JFPSEV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Accommodation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Aged ; Anxiety disorders. Neuroses ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Emotions ; Families & family life ; Family - psychology ; Family functioning ; Family Members ; Family Relations ; Female ; Human ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Neuroses ; Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - psychology ; Obsessive-compulsive disorders ; Obsessive-Compulsive neuroses ; Psychological Tests - standards ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychometric properties ; Psychometrics ; Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Quantitative psychology ; Rating Scales ; Relatives ; Reproducibility of Results ; Risk factors ; Techniques and methods ; Test Construction ; Test Reliability ; Test Validity ; Test-Retest reliability ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of family psychology, 2011-06, Vol.25 (3), p.434-443</ispartof><rights>2011 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2011 APA, all rights reserved</rights><rights>2011, American Psychological Association</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Jun 2011</rights><rights>2011 American Psychological Association 2011 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a524t-5d1a0386e8dd78b190386dff9ee7ec8b746d31842e686c8968ae9acf909299693</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,30999,31000</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24242067$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21553962$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Kaslow, Nadine J</contributor><creatorcontrib>Stewart, S. Evelyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Yu-Pei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hezel, Dianne M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Proujansky, Rachel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lamstein, Abby</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walsh, Casey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ben-Joseph, Elana Pearl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gironda, Christina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jenike, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geller, Daniel A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pauls, David L.</creatorcontrib><title>Development and Psychometric Properties of the OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale</title><title>Journal of family psychology</title><addtitle>J Fam Psychol</addtitle><description>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) influences not only patients but also family members. Although the construct of family accommodation has received attention in OCD literature, no measures of overall family functioning are currently available. The OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale was developed to explore the context, extent, and perspectives of functional impairment in families affected by OCD. It is a three-part, self-report measure capturing independent perspectives of patients and relatives. A total of 400 subjects were enrolled between 2008 and 2010 from specialized OCD clinics and OCD research studies. Psychometric properties of this scale were examined including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and divergent validity, and exploratory factor analyses. Both patient and relative versions of the OFF Scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.96). The test-retest reliability was also adequate (ICC = 0.80). Factor analyses determined that the OFF Scale comprises a family functioning impairment factor and four OCD symptom factors that were consistent with previously reported OCD symptom dimension studies. The OFF Scale demonstrated excellent convergent validity with the Family Accommodation Scale and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale. Information gathered regarding emotional impact and family role-specific impairment was novel and not captured by other examined scales. The OFF Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for the clinical and research assessment of family functioning in pediatric and adult OCD. This will facilitate the exploration of family functioning impairment as a potential risk factor, as a moderator and as a treatment outcome measure in OCD.</description><subject>Accommodation</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Emotions</subject><subject>Families & family life</subject><subject>Family - psychology</subject><subject>Family functioning</subject><subject>Family Members</subject><subject>Family Relations</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neuroses</subject><subject>Obsessive Compulsive Disorder</subject><subject>Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - psychology</subject><subject>Obsessive-compulsive disorders</subject><subject>Obsessive-Compulsive neuroses</subject><subject>Psychological Tests - standards</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychometric properties</subject><subject>Psychometrics</subject><subject>Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Quantitative psychology</subject><subject>Rating Scales</subject><subject>Relatives</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Techniques and methods</subject><subject>Test Construction</subject><subject>Test Reliability</subject><subject>Test Validity</subject><subject>Test-Retest reliability</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0893-3200</issn><issn>1939-1293</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kl9rFDEUxYModlsFP4EEQVqR1fyZySQvgmwdFQpbUZ_D3cydbsrMZExmCvvtTe22VR-aPISQH-dyzgkhLzh7x5ms3gNjQlayfEQW3Eiz5MLIx2TBtJFLKRg7IIcpXTLGC6n1U3IgeFlKo8SCfDvFK-zC2OMwURgaep52bht6nKJ39DyGEePkMdHQ0mmLdL06pTX0vtvReh7c5MPghwt6sq7rN_S7gw6fkSctdAmf788j8rP-9GP1ZXm2_vx19fFsCaUopmXZcGBSK9RNU-kNN9eXpm0NYoVOb6pCNZLrQqDSymmjNKAB1xpmhDHKyCPy4UZ3nDc9Ni4biNDZMfoe4s4G8Pbfl8Fv7UW4srIqs4LIAsd7gRh-zZgm2_vksOtgwDAnqyuepwpVZfLkQZLn9JmpOFMZffUfehnmOOQgsl7JuWDSPAgpxQqR1_1QF0NKEds7a5zZ69btbesZffl3FHfgbc0ZeL0HIOWO2giD8-meK_Jmf4y-veFgBDvmnwC5fNdhcnOMOUbbQm9FaaUtZCF_A02WwOs</recordid><startdate>20110601</startdate><enddate>20110601</enddate><creator>Stewart, S. Evelyn</creator><creator>Hu, Yu-Pei</creator><creator>Hezel, Dianne M.</creator><creator>Proujansky, Rachel</creator><creator>Lamstein, Abby</creator><creator>Walsh, Casey</creator><creator>Ben-Joseph, Elana Pearl</creator><creator>Gironda, Christina</creator><creator>Jenike, Michael</creator><creator>Geller, Daniel A.</creator><creator>Pauls, David L.</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110601</creationdate><title>Development and Psychometric Properties of the OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale</title><author>Stewart, S. Evelyn ; Hu, Yu-Pei ; Hezel, Dianne M. ; Proujansky, Rachel ; Lamstein, Abby ; Walsh, Casey ; Ben-Joseph, Elana Pearl ; Gironda, Christina ; Jenike, Michael ; Geller, Daniel A. ; Pauls, David L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a524t-5d1a0386e8dd78b190386dff9ee7ec8b746d31842e686c8968ae9acf909299693</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Accommodation</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Emotions</topic><topic>Families & family life</topic><topic>Family - psychology</topic><topic>Family functioning</topic><topic>Family Members</topic><topic>Family Relations</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neuroses</topic><topic>Obsessive Compulsive Disorder</topic><topic>Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - psychology</topic><topic>Obsessive-compulsive disorders</topic><topic>Obsessive-Compulsive neuroses</topic><topic>Psychological Tests - standards</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychometric properties</topic><topic>Psychometrics</topic><topic>Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Quantitative psychology</topic><topic>Rating Scales</topic><topic>Relatives</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Techniques and methods</topic><topic>Test Construction</topic><topic>Test Reliability</topic><topic>Test Validity</topic><topic>Test-Retest reliability</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stewart, S. Evelyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Yu-Pei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hezel, Dianne M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Proujansky, Rachel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lamstein, Abby</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walsh, Casey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ben-Joseph, Elana Pearl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gironda, Christina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jenike, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geller, Daniel A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pauls, David L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Access via APA PsycArticles® (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of family psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stewart, S. Evelyn</au><au>Hu, Yu-Pei</au><au>Hezel, Dianne M.</au><au>Proujansky, Rachel</au><au>Lamstein, Abby</au><au>Walsh, Casey</au><au>Ben-Joseph, Elana Pearl</au><au>Gironda, Christina</au><au>Jenike, Michael</au><au>Geller, Daniel A.</au><au>Pauls, David L.</au><au>Kaslow, Nadine J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Development and Psychometric Properties of the OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale</atitle><jtitle>Journal of family psychology</jtitle><addtitle>J Fam Psychol</addtitle><date>2011-06-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>434</spage><epage>443</epage><pages>434-443</pages><issn>0893-3200</issn><eissn>1939-1293</eissn><coden>JFPSEV</coden><abstract>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) influences not only patients but also family members. Although the construct of family accommodation has received attention in OCD literature, no measures of overall family functioning are currently available. The OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale was developed to explore the context, extent, and perspectives of functional impairment in families affected by OCD. It is a three-part, self-report measure capturing independent perspectives of patients and relatives. A total of 400 subjects were enrolled between 2008 and 2010 from specialized OCD clinics and OCD research studies. Psychometric properties of this scale were examined including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and divergent validity, and exploratory factor analyses. Both patient and relative versions of the OFF Scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.96). The test-retest reliability was also adequate (ICC = 0.80). Factor analyses determined that the OFF Scale comprises a family functioning impairment factor and four OCD symptom factors that were consistent with previously reported OCD symptom dimension studies. The OFF Scale demonstrated excellent convergent validity with the Family Accommodation Scale and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale. Information gathered regarding emotional impact and family role-specific impairment was novel and not captured by other examined scales. The OFF Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for the clinical and research assessment of family functioning in pediatric and adult OCD. This will facilitate the exploration of family functioning impairment as a potential risk factor, as a moderator and as a treatment outcome measure in OCD.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>21553962</pmid><doi>10.1037/a0023735</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Accommodation Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Aged Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Biological and medical sciences Child Emotions Families & family life Family - psychology Family functioning Family Members Family Relations Female Human Humans Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Neuroses Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - psychology Obsessive-compulsive disorders Obsessive-Compulsive neuroses Psychological Tests - standards Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychometric properties Psychometrics Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems Psychopathology. Psychiatry Quantitative psychology Rating Scales Relatives Reproducibility of Results Risk factors Techniques and methods Test Construction Test Reliability Test Validity Test-Retest reliability Young Adult |
| title | Development and Psychometric Properties of the OCD Family Functioning (OFF) Scale |
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