Cancer incidence in world trade center rescue and recovery workers, 2001-2008
World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers were exposed to a complex mix of pollutants and carcinogens. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cancer incidence in responders during the first 7 years after 11 September 2001. Cancers among 20,984 consented participants in the WTC...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental health perspectives 2013-06, Vol.121 (6), p.699-704 |
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| creator | Solan, Samara Wallenstein, Sylvan Shapiro, Moshe Teitelbaum, Susan L Stevenson, Lori Kochman, Anne Kaplan, Julia Dellenbaugh, Cornelia Kahn, Amy Biro, F Noah Crane, Michael Crowley, Laura Gabrilove, Janice Gonsalves, Lou Harrison, Denise Herbert, Robin Luft, Benjamin Markowitz, Steven B Moline, Jacqueline Niu, Xiaoling Sacks, Henry Shukla, Gauri Udasin, Iris Lucchini, Roberto G Boffetta, Paolo Landrigan, Philip J |
| description | World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers were exposed to a complex mix of pollutants and carcinogens.
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cancer incidence in responders during the first 7 years after 11 September 2001.
Cancers among 20,984 consented participants in the WTC Health Program were identified through linkage to state tumor registries in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to compare cancers diagnosed in responders to predicted numbers for the general population. Multivariate regression models were used to estimate associations with degree of exposure.
A total of 575 cancers were diagnosed in 552 individuals. Increases above registry-based expectations were noted for all cancer sites combined (SIR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.25), thyroid cancer (SIR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.70, 3.27), prostate cancer (SIR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.44), combined hematopoietic and lymphoid cancers (SIR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.71), and soft tissue cancers (SIR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.05). When restricted to 302 cancers diagnosed ≥ 6 months after enrollment, the SIR for all cancers decreased to 1.06 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.18), but thyroid and prostate cancer diagnoses remained greater than expected. All cancers combined were increased in very highly exposed responders and among those exposed to significant amounts of dust, compared with responders who reported lower levels of exposure.
Estimates should be interpreted with caution given the short follow-up and long latency period for most cancers, the intensive medical surveillance of this cohort, and the small numbers of cancers at specific sites. However, our findings highlight the need for continued follow-up and surveillance of WTC responders. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1289/ehp.1205894 |
| format | Article |
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The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cancer incidence in responders during the first 7 years after 11 September 2001.
Cancers among 20,984 consented participants in the WTC Health Program were identified through linkage to state tumor registries in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to compare cancers diagnosed in responders to predicted numbers for the general population. Multivariate regression models were used to estimate associations with degree of exposure.
A total of 575 cancers were diagnosed in 552 individuals. Increases above registry-based expectations were noted for all cancer sites combined (SIR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.25), thyroid cancer (SIR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.70, 3.27), prostate cancer (SIR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.44), combined hematopoietic and lymphoid cancers (SIR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.71), and soft tissue cancers (SIR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.05). When restricted to 302 cancers diagnosed ≥ 6 months after enrollment, the SIR for all cancers decreased to 1.06 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.18), but thyroid and prostate cancer diagnoses remained greater than expected. All cancers combined were increased in very highly exposed responders and among those exposed to significant amounts of dust, compared with responders who reported lower levels of exposure.
Estimates should be interpreted with caution given the short follow-up and long latency period for most cancers, the intensive medical surveillance of this cohort, and the small numbers of cancers at specific sites. However, our findings highlight the need for continued follow-up and surveillance of WTC responders.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0091-6765</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-9924</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205894</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23613120</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Cancer ; Demographic aspects ; Dust ; Enrollments ; Environmental health ; Estimates ; Ethnicity ; Exposure ; Female ; Firefighters ; Health ; Health aspects ; Health risk assessment ; Humans ; Incidence ; Investigations ; Male ; Mathematical models ; Mental health ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Multiple myeloma ; Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Occupational exposure ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; PCB ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Population ; Post traumatic stress disorder ; Prostate ; Prostate cancer ; Questionnaires ; Registries ; Regression Analysis ; Rescue work ; Risk factors ; Search and rescue ; September 11 Terrorist Attacks ; Social security numbers ; Surveillance ; Thyroid ; Time Factors ; VOCs ; Volatile organic compounds</subject><ispartof>Environmental health perspectives, 2013-06, Vol.121 (6), p.699-704</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</rights><rights>Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Jun 2013</rights><rights>2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c745t-743cb4199f6de91b6c1155076cef144097d97394b7ad1e67efeb4033d0110e043</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c745t-743cb4199f6de91b6c1155076cef144097d97394b7ad1e67efeb4033d0110e043</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3672914/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3672914/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23613120$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Solan, Samara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallenstein, Sylvan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shapiro, Moshe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teitelbaum, Susan L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stevenson, Lori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kochman, Anne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaplan, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dellenbaugh, Cornelia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kahn, Amy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biro, F Noah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crane, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crowley, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabrilove, Janice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonsalves, Lou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harrison, Denise</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herbert, Robin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luft, Benjamin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Markowitz, Steven B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moline, Jacqueline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niu, Xiaoling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sacks, Henry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shukla, Gauri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Udasin, Iris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucchini, Roberto G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boffetta, Paolo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Landrigan, Philip J</creatorcontrib><title>Cancer incidence in world trade center rescue and recovery workers, 2001-2008</title><title>Environmental health perspectives</title><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><description>World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers were exposed to a complex mix of pollutants and carcinogens.
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cancer incidence in responders during the first 7 years after 11 September 2001.
Cancers among 20,984 consented participants in the WTC Health Program were identified through linkage to state tumor registries in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to compare cancers diagnosed in responders to predicted numbers for the general population. Multivariate regression models were used to estimate associations with degree of exposure.
A total of 575 cancers were diagnosed in 552 individuals. Increases above registry-based expectations were noted for all cancer sites combined (SIR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.25), thyroid cancer (SIR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.70, 3.27), prostate cancer (SIR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.44), combined hematopoietic and lymphoid cancers (SIR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.71), and soft tissue cancers (SIR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.05). When restricted to 302 cancers diagnosed ≥ 6 months after enrollment, the SIR for all cancers decreased to 1.06 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.18), but thyroid and prostate cancer diagnoses remained greater than expected. All cancers combined were increased in very highly exposed responders and among those exposed to significant amounts of dust, compared with responders who reported lower levels of exposure.
Estimates should be interpreted with caution given the short follow-up and long latency period for most cancers, the intensive medical surveillance of this cohort, and the small numbers of cancers at specific sites. However, our findings highlight the need for continued follow-up and surveillance of WTC responders.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Demographic aspects</subject><subject>Dust</subject><subject>Enrollments</subject><subject>Environmental health</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Firefighters</subject><subject>Health</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Multiple myeloma</subject><subject>Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Occupational exposure</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>PCB</subject><subject>Polychlorinated biphenyls</subject><subject>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Post traumatic stress disorder</subject><subject>Prostate</subject><subject>Prostate cancer</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Registries</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Rescue work</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Search and rescue</subject><subject>September 11 Terrorist Attacks</subject><subject>Social security numbers</subject><subject>Surveillance</subject><subject>Thyroid</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>VOCs</subject><subject>Volatile organic 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Robin</au><au>Luft, Benjamin</au><au>Markowitz, Steven B</au><au>Moline, Jacqueline</au><au>Niu, Xiaoling</au><au>Sacks, Henry</au><au>Shukla, Gauri</au><au>Udasin, Iris</au><au>Lucchini, Roberto G</au><au>Boffetta, Paolo</au><au>Landrigan, Philip J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cancer incidence in world trade center rescue and recovery workers, 2001-2008</atitle><jtitle>Environmental health perspectives</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><date>2013-06-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>121</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>699</spage><epage>704</epage><pages>699-704</pages><issn>0091-6765</issn><eissn>1552-9924</eissn><abstract>World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers were exposed to a complex mix of pollutants and carcinogens.
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cancer incidence in responders during the first 7 years after 11 September 2001.
Cancers among 20,984 consented participants in the WTC Health Program were identified through linkage to state tumor registries in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to compare cancers diagnosed in responders to predicted numbers for the general population. Multivariate regression models were used to estimate associations with degree of exposure.
A total of 575 cancers were diagnosed in 552 individuals. Increases above registry-based expectations were noted for all cancer sites combined (SIR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.25), thyroid cancer (SIR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.70, 3.27), prostate cancer (SIR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.44), combined hematopoietic and lymphoid cancers (SIR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.71), and soft tissue cancers (SIR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.05). When restricted to 302 cancers diagnosed ≥ 6 months after enrollment, the SIR for all cancers decreased to 1.06 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.18), but thyroid and prostate cancer diagnoses remained greater than expected. All cancers combined were increased in very highly exposed responders and among those exposed to significant amounts of dust, compared with responders who reported lower levels of exposure.
Estimates should be interpreted with caution given the short follow-up and long latency period for most cancers, the intensive medical surveillance of this cohort, and the small numbers of cancers at specific sites. However, our findings highlight the need for continued follow-up and surveillance of WTC responders.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</pub><pmid>23613120</pmid><doi>10.1289/ehp.1205894</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0091-6765 |
| ispartof | Environmental health perspectives, 2013-06, Vol.121 (6), p.699-704 |
| issn | 0091-6765 1552-9924 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_3672914 |
| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Adult Aged Cancer Demographic aspects Dust Enrollments Environmental health Estimates Ethnicity Exposure Female Firefighters Health Health aspects Health risk assessment Humans Incidence Investigations Male Mathematical models Mental health Middle Aged Mortality Multiple myeloma Neoplasms - epidemiology Occupational exposure Occupational Exposure - adverse effects PCB Polychlorinated biphenyls Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Population Post traumatic stress disorder Prostate Prostate cancer Questionnaires Registries Regression Analysis Rescue work Risk factors Search and rescue September 11 Terrorist Attacks Social security numbers Surveillance Thyroid Time Factors VOCs Volatile organic compounds |
| title | Cancer incidence in world trade center rescue and recovery workers, 2001-2008 |
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