Evaluation of a rapid colorimetric field test to assess the effective life of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets in the Lao PDR
Malaria morbidity and mortality have been significantly reduced through the proper use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets, but the extra protection afforded by the insecticide diminishes over time. The insecticide depletion rates vary according to location where wash frequency and wear are influen...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Malaria journal 2013-02, Vol.12 (1), p.57-57, Article 57 |
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| creator | Green, Michael D Mayxay, Mayfong Beach, Ray Pongvongsa, Tiengkham Phompida, Samlane Hongvanthong, Bouasy Vanisaveth, Viengxay Newton, Paul N Vizcaino, Lucrecia Swamidoss, Isabel |
| description | Malaria morbidity and mortality have been significantly reduced through the proper use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets, but the extra protection afforded by the insecticide diminishes over time. The insecticide depletion rates vary according to location where wash frequency and wear are influenced by cultural habits as well as the availability of water. Monitoring of available insecticides on the net surface is essential for determining the effective life of the net. Therefore, a rapid and inexpensive colorimetric field test for cyanopyrethroids (Cyanopyrethroid Field Test or CFT) was used to measure surface levels of deltamethrin on insecticide-coated polyester nets (PowerNets™) in rural Lao PDR over a two-year period.
Net surface levels of deltamethrin were measured by wiping the net with filter paper and measuring the adsorbed deltamethrin using the CFT. A relationship between surface levels of deltamethrin and whole net levels was established by comparing results of the CFT with whole levels assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An effective deltamethrin surface concentration (EC80) was determined by comparing mosquito mortality (WHO Cone Test) with CFT and HPLC results. Five positions (roof to bottom) on each of 23 matched nets were assayed for deltamethrin surface levels at 6, 12, and 24 months. Mosquito mortality assays (WHO Cone Tests) were performed on a subset of eleven 24-month old nets and compared with the proportion of failed nets as predicted by the CFT.
At six months, the nets retained about 80% of the baseline (new net) levels of deltamethrin with no significant differences between net positions. At 12 months, ~15-40%, and at 24 months |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/1475-2875-12-57 |
| format | Article |
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Net surface levels of deltamethrin were measured by wiping the net with filter paper and measuring the adsorbed deltamethrin using the CFT. A relationship between surface levels of deltamethrin and whole net levels was established by comparing results of the CFT with whole levels assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An effective deltamethrin surface concentration (EC80) was determined by comparing mosquito mortality (WHO Cone Test) with CFT and HPLC results. Five positions (roof to bottom) on each of 23 matched nets were assayed for deltamethrin surface levels at 6, 12, and 24 months. Mosquito mortality assays (WHO Cone Tests) were performed on a subset of eleven 24-month old nets and compared with the proportion of failed nets as predicted by the CFT.
At six months, the nets retained about 80% of the baseline (new net) levels of deltamethrin with no significant differences between net positions. At 12 months, ~15-40%, and at 24 months <10% of deltamethrin was retained on the nets, with significant differences appearing between positions. Results from the CFT show that 93% of the nets failed (deltamethrin surface levels </= EC80) at 24 months. This value is in agreement with 91% failure as determined by the WHO Cone Test on a subset of 11 nets. The CFT results show that 50% of the nets from Laos failed at 12 months of normal use.
The CFT is a useful and accurate indicator of net efficacy and may be substituted for mosquito bioassays.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1475-2875</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-2875</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-57</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23391349</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Animals ; Aquatic insects ; Bioassays ; Biological Assay ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - economics ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - methods ; Colorimetry - economics ; Colorimetry - methods ; Control ; Culicidae ; Culicidae - drug effects ; Deltamethrin ; Health aspects ; Health sciences ; High performance liquid chromatography ; Hospitals ; Insecticide-Treated Bednets ; Insecticides ; Insecticides - analysis ; Insecticides - pharmacology ; Laos ; Liquid chromatography ; Malaria ; Methodology ; Mortality ; Mosquitoes ; Nitriles - analysis ; Nitriles - pharmacology ; Point-of-Care Systems - economics ; Pyrethrins - analysis ; Pyrethrins - pharmacology ; Survival Analysis ; Time Factors ; Vector-borne diseases ; Water availability</subject><ispartof>Malaria journal, 2013-02, Vol.12 (1), p.57-57, Article 57</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2013 Green et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Green et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013 Green et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b580t-19db3c0788453b729c98394abc21c1ed8439d713ede82f9ca121fa324859388f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b580t-19db3c0788453b729c98394abc21c1ed8439d713ede82f9ca121fa324859388f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3623780/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3623780/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23391349$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Green, Michael D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayxay, Mayfong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beach, Ray</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pongvongsa, Tiengkham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phompida, Samlane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hongvanthong, Bouasy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanisaveth, Viengxay</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newton, Paul N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vizcaino, Lucrecia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swamidoss, Isabel</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of a rapid colorimetric field test to assess the effective life of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets in the Lao PDR</title><title>Malaria journal</title><addtitle>Malar J</addtitle><description>Malaria morbidity and mortality have been significantly reduced through the proper use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets, but the extra protection afforded by the insecticide diminishes over time. The insecticide depletion rates vary according to location where wash frequency and wear are influenced by cultural habits as well as the availability of water. Monitoring of available insecticides on the net surface is essential for determining the effective life of the net. Therefore, a rapid and inexpensive colorimetric field test for cyanopyrethroids (Cyanopyrethroid Field Test or CFT) was used to measure surface levels of deltamethrin on insecticide-coated polyester nets (PowerNets™) in rural Lao PDR over a two-year period.
Net surface levels of deltamethrin were measured by wiping the net with filter paper and measuring the adsorbed deltamethrin using the CFT. A relationship between surface levels of deltamethrin and whole net levels was established by comparing results of the CFT with whole levels assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An effective deltamethrin surface concentration (EC80) was determined by comparing mosquito mortality (WHO Cone Test) with CFT and HPLC results. Five positions (roof to bottom) on each of 23 matched nets were assayed for deltamethrin surface levels at 6, 12, and 24 months. Mosquito mortality assays (WHO Cone Tests) were performed on a subset of eleven 24-month old nets and compared with the proportion of failed nets as predicted by the CFT.
At six months, the nets retained about 80% of the baseline (new net) levels of deltamethrin with no significant differences between net positions. At 12 months, ~15-40%, and at 24 months <10% of deltamethrin was retained on the nets, with significant differences appearing between positions. Results from the CFT show that 93% of the nets failed (deltamethrin surface levels </= EC80) at 24 months. This value is in agreement with 91% failure as determined by the WHO Cone Test on a subset of 11 nets. The CFT results show that 50% of the nets from Laos failed at 12 months of normal use.
The CFT is a useful and accurate indicator of net efficacy and may be substituted for mosquito bioassays.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>Bioassays</subject><subject>Biological Assay</subject><subject>Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - economics</subject><subject>Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - methods</subject><subject>Colorimetry - economics</subject><subject>Colorimetry - methods</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Culicidae</subject><subject>Culicidae - drug effects</subject><subject>Deltamethrin</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health sciences</subject><subject>High performance liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Insecticide-Treated Bednets</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Insecticides - analysis</subject><subject>Insecticides - pharmacology</subject><subject>Laos</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Methodology</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Nitriles - analysis</subject><subject>Nitriles - pharmacology</subject><subject>Point-of-Care Systems - economics</subject><subject>Pyrethrins - analysis</subject><subject>Pyrethrins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Survival Analysis</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><subject>Water availability</subject><issn>1475-2875</issn><issn>1475-2875</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kk1r3DAQhk1paT7ac29F0EsvTiyNvZYvhSRNP2ChpbRnIcujjYIsbSR5ob-hfzpyNl12S4pAEjPvPKOZUVG8odUZpXxxTuu2KRnPG2Vl0z4rjneW53v3o-Ikxtuqoi1v2cviiAF0FOruuPhzvZF2ksl4R7wmkgS5NgNR3vpgRkzBKKIN2oEkjIkkT2SMGCNJN0hQa1TJbJBYo3GOt96tSitjMm5FjIuzW5kByxRQJhzI6OPdZDLGYYpZ8cBZSk--f_zxqnihpY34-vE8LX59uv559aVcfvv89epiWfYNr1JJu6EHVbWc1w30LetUx6GrZa8YVRQHXkM3tBRwQM50pyRlVEtgNW864FzDafFhy11P_YiDQpeCtGKdC5bht_DSiEOPMzdi5TcCFgxaXmXA5RbQG_8fwKFH-VHMwxDzMARlomkz5P3jK4K_m3JzxWiiQmulQz9FQaFhjNcVQJa--0d666fgco-yii2ALup91UpaFMZpn3OrGSouGqgXDfCHtGdPqPIacDTKO9Qm2w8CzrcBKvgYA-pdnbQS8yd8orK3-_3d6f_-OrgHuyrYFg</recordid><startdate>20130207</startdate><enddate>20130207</enddate><creator>Green, Michael D</creator><creator>Mayxay, Mayfong</creator><creator>Beach, Ray</creator><creator>Pongvongsa, Tiengkham</creator><creator>Phompida, Samlane</creator><creator>Hongvanthong, Bouasy</creator><creator>Vanisaveth, Viengxay</creator><creator>Newton, Paul N</creator><creator>Vizcaino, Lucrecia</creator><creator>Swamidoss, Isabel</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130207</creationdate><title>Evaluation of a rapid colorimetric field test to assess the effective life of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets in the Lao PDR</title><author>Green, Michael D ; Mayxay, Mayfong ; Beach, Ray ; Pongvongsa, Tiengkham ; Phompida, Samlane ; Hongvanthong, Bouasy ; Vanisaveth, Viengxay ; Newton, Paul N ; Vizcaino, Lucrecia ; Swamidoss, Isabel</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b580t-19db3c0788453b729c98394abc21c1ed8439d713ede82f9ca121fa324859388f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aquatic insects</topic><topic>Bioassays</topic><topic>Biological Assay</topic><topic>Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - economics</topic><topic>Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - methods</topic><topic>Colorimetry - economics</topic><topic>Colorimetry - methods</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>Culicidae</topic><topic>Culicidae - drug effects</topic><topic>Deltamethrin</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health sciences</topic><topic>High performance liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Insecticide-Treated Bednets</topic><topic>Insecticides</topic><topic>Insecticides - analysis</topic><topic>Insecticides - pharmacology</topic><topic>Laos</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Malaria</topic><topic>Methodology</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Mosquitoes</topic><topic>Nitriles - analysis</topic><topic>Nitriles - pharmacology</topic><topic>Point-of-Care Systems - economics</topic><topic>Pyrethrins - analysis</topic><topic>Pyrethrins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Survival Analysis</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><topic>Water availability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Green, Michael D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayxay, Mayfong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beach, Ray</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pongvongsa, Tiengkham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phompida, Samlane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hongvanthong, Bouasy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanisaveth, Viengxay</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newton, Paul N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vizcaino, Lucrecia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swamidoss, Isabel</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni 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Lucrecia</au><au>Swamidoss, Isabel</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of a rapid colorimetric field test to assess the effective life of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets in the Lao PDR</atitle><jtitle>Malaria journal</jtitle><addtitle>Malar J</addtitle><date>2013-02-07</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>57</spage><epage>57</epage><pages>57-57</pages><artnum>57</artnum><issn>1475-2875</issn><eissn>1475-2875</eissn><abstract>Malaria morbidity and mortality have been significantly reduced through the proper use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets, but the extra protection afforded by the insecticide diminishes over time. The insecticide depletion rates vary according to location where wash frequency and wear are influenced by cultural habits as well as the availability of water. Monitoring of available insecticides on the net surface is essential for determining the effective life of the net. Therefore, a rapid and inexpensive colorimetric field test for cyanopyrethroids (Cyanopyrethroid Field Test or CFT) was used to measure surface levels of deltamethrin on insecticide-coated polyester nets (PowerNets™) in rural Lao PDR over a two-year period.
Net surface levels of deltamethrin were measured by wiping the net with filter paper and measuring the adsorbed deltamethrin using the CFT. A relationship between surface levels of deltamethrin and whole net levels was established by comparing results of the CFT with whole levels assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An effective deltamethrin surface concentration (EC80) was determined by comparing mosquito mortality (WHO Cone Test) with CFT and HPLC results. Five positions (roof to bottom) on each of 23 matched nets were assayed for deltamethrin surface levels at 6, 12, and 24 months. Mosquito mortality assays (WHO Cone Tests) were performed on a subset of eleven 24-month old nets and compared with the proportion of failed nets as predicted by the CFT.
At six months, the nets retained about 80% of the baseline (new net) levels of deltamethrin with no significant differences between net positions. At 12 months, ~15-40%, and at 24 months <10% of deltamethrin was retained on the nets, with significant differences appearing between positions. Results from the CFT show that 93% of the nets failed (deltamethrin surface levels </= EC80) at 24 months. This value is in agreement with 91% failure as determined by the WHO Cone Test on a subset of 11 nets. The CFT results show that 50% of the nets from Laos failed at 12 months of normal use.
The CFT is a useful and accurate indicator of net efficacy and may be substituted for mosquito bioassays.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>23391349</pmid><doi>10.1186/1475-2875-12-57</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Malaria journal, 2013-02, Vol.12 (1), p.57-57, Article 57 |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; SpringerLink Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; Springer Nature OA Free Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Analysis Animals Aquatic insects Bioassays Biological Assay Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - economics Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - methods Colorimetry - economics Colorimetry - methods Control Culicidae Culicidae - drug effects Deltamethrin Health aspects Health sciences High performance liquid chromatography Hospitals Insecticide-Treated Bednets Insecticides Insecticides - analysis Insecticides - pharmacology Laos Liquid chromatography Malaria Methodology Mortality Mosquitoes Nitriles - analysis Nitriles - pharmacology Point-of-Care Systems - economics Pyrethrins - analysis Pyrethrins - pharmacology Survival Analysis Time Factors Vector-borne diseases Water availability |
| title | Evaluation of a rapid colorimetric field test to assess the effective life of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets in the Lao PDR |
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