The structural effect of intravitreal Brilliant blue G and Indocyanine green in rats eyes
Purpose To compare the potential retinal toxicity of two commercially Brilliant blue G dyes (Brilliant Peel and Ocublue Plus) and Indocyanine green (ICG) at usual clinical concentration. Methods Brilliant Peel 0.025% ( n =9), Ocublue Plus 0.025% ( n =9), and ICG 0.05% ( n =9) were injected intravitr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Eye (London) 2013-03, Vol.27 (3), p.425-431 |
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| creator | Ooi, Y L Khang, T F Naidu, M Fong, K C S |
| description | Purpose
To compare the potential retinal toxicity of two commercially Brilliant blue G dyes (Brilliant Peel and Ocublue Plus) and Indocyanine green (ICG) at usual clinical concentration.
Methods
Brilliant Peel 0.025% (
n
=9), Ocublue Plus 0.025% (
n
=9), and ICG 0.05% (
n
=9) were injected intravitreally into Sprague–Dawley rat left eyes with balanced salt solution injected in the contralateral eyes as control. Evaluation of the effect of the dyes on retinal architecture was done by histological analysis of neurosensory retinal thickness and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) counts 7 days after intravitreal injection. Paired
t
-test was done to detect the presence of biologically significant thinning in neurosensory retina and five retinal layers for each dye (paired
t
-tests). One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference test were used to assess whether different dyes caused significant thinning in mean neurosensory retinal thickness and reduction of mean RGC density.
Results
Eyes treated with ICG had significantly thinner mean total neurosensory retinal thickness compared with the control eyes (
P
-value=0.01), followed by those treated with Ocublue Plus (
P
-value=0.03). Brilliant Peel did not cause significant thinning in any of the five retinal layers (all
P
-values>0.05). No significant difference in mean thinning of the total retinal thickness was detected between dyes (
P
-value=0.11). The mean thickness of the photoreceptor outer segment and outer plexiform layers were significantly reduced in ICG-injected eyes when compared with the control eyes (
P
-value=0.02). No significant difference in mean thinning between the three dyes was detected at all five retinal layers using one-way ANOVA (all
P
-values>0.35). RGC density was significantly reduced for ICG (
P
-value=0.01) but only marginally for Ocublue Plus (
P
-value=0.05). No significant reduction in RGC density was observed for Brilliant Peel (
P
-value=0.2).
Conclusion
Intravitreal Brilliant Peel is safe to rats retina. The retinal thinning and reduction in RGC density induced by Ocublue Plus requires further studies to determine the safety profile of this product. Potential retinal toxicity is seen with ICG 0.05%. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/eye.2012.260 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_3597868</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2916387541</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-d1ef234f7765e2d310896d2d6d03b09c21a6323bbee966d0c0a5bb80d66e15693</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptkc9LwzAcxYMobv64eZaAVzu_Sdq0vQgqOgXBywQ9hbT5dla6VJNU2H9vxuZQ8JJA3ifv-5JHyAmDCQNRXOASJxwYn3AJO2TM0lwmWZqlu2QMZQYJ5_xlRA68fweIYg77ZMQFK6VM5Zi8zt6Q-uCGOgxOdxSbButA-4a2Njj91QaH8fjatV3Xahto1Q1Ip1RbQx-s6eultq1FOneINt6hTgdPYyZ_RPYa3Xk83uyH5PnudnZznzw-TR9urh6TOs0gJIZhw0Xa5LnMkBvBoCil4UYaEBWUNWdaCi6qCjFGNlCDzqqqACMlskyW4pBcrn0_hmqBpsZV7k59uHah3VL1ulV_Fdu-qXn_pURW5oUsosHZxsD1nwP6oN77wdmYWTHBZC7iKiJ1vqZq13vvsNlOYKBWRaj4aLUqQsUiIn76O9UW_vn5CCRrwEfJztH9mvqf4TcQKJPm</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1316731313</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The structural effect of intravitreal Brilliant blue G and Indocyanine green in rats eyes</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Ooi, Y L ; Khang, T F ; Naidu, M ; Fong, K C S</creator><creatorcontrib>Ooi, Y L ; Khang, T F ; Naidu, M ; Fong, K C S</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
To compare the potential retinal toxicity of two commercially Brilliant blue G dyes (Brilliant Peel and Ocublue Plus) and Indocyanine green (ICG) at usual clinical concentration.
Methods
Brilliant Peel 0.025% (
n
=9), Ocublue Plus 0.025% (
n
=9), and ICG 0.05% (
n
=9) were injected intravitreally into Sprague–Dawley rat left eyes with balanced salt solution injected in the contralateral eyes as control. Evaluation of the effect of the dyes on retinal architecture was done by histological analysis of neurosensory retinal thickness and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) counts 7 days after intravitreal injection. Paired
t
-test was done to detect the presence of biologically significant thinning in neurosensory retina and five retinal layers for each dye (paired
t
-tests). One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference test were used to assess whether different dyes caused significant thinning in mean neurosensory retinal thickness and reduction of mean RGC density.
Results
Eyes treated with ICG had significantly thinner mean total neurosensory retinal thickness compared with the control eyes (
P
-value=0.01), followed by those treated with Ocublue Plus (
P
-value=0.03). Brilliant Peel did not cause significant thinning in any of the five retinal layers (all
P
-values>0.05). No significant difference in mean thinning of the total retinal thickness was detected between dyes (
P
-value=0.11). The mean thickness of the photoreceptor outer segment and outer plexiform layers were significantly reduced in ICG-injected eyes when compared with the control eyes (
P
-value=0.02). No significant difference in mean thinning between the three dyes was detected at all five retinal layers using one-way ANOVA (all
P
-values>0.35). RGC density was significantly reduced for ICG (
P
-value=0.01) but only marginally for Ocublue Plus (
P
-value=0.05). No significant reduction in RGC density was observed for Brilliant Peel (
P
-value=0.2).
Conclusion
Intravitreal Brilliant Peel is safe to rats retina. The retinal thinning and reduction in RGC density induced by Ocublue Plus requires further studies to determine the safety profile of this product. Potential retinal toxicity is seen with ICG 0.05%.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0950-222X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-5454</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/eye.2012.260</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23196646</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>631/92/609 ; 692/698/1688/512/2613/1786 ; Animals ; Cell Count ; Coloring Agents - toxicity ; Female ; Indocyanine Green - toxicity ; Intravitreal Injections ; Laboratory Medicine ; Laboratory Study ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Ophthalmology ; Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology ; Pilot Projects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retina - drug effects ; Retina - pathology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells - drug effects ; Retinal Ganglion Cells - pathology ; Rosaniline Dyes - toxicity ; Surgery ; Surgical Oncology ; Vitreoretinal Surgery</subject><ispartof>Eye (London), 2013-03, Vol.27 (3), p.425-431</ispartof><rights>Royal College of Ophthalmologists 2013</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Mar 2013</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Royal College of Ophthalmologists 2013 Royal College of Ophthalmologists</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-d1ef234f7765e2d310896d2d6d03b09c21a6323bbee966d0c0a5bb80d66e15693</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-d1ef234f7765e2d310896d2d6d03b09c21a6323bbee966d0c0a5bb80d66e15693</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597868/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597868/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23196646$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ooi, Y L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khang, T F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naidu, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fong, K C S</creatorcontrib><title>The structural effect of intravitreal Brilliant blue G and Indocyanine green in rats eyes</title><title>Eye (London)</title><addtitle>Eye</addtitle><addtitle>Eye (Lond)</addtitle><description>Purpose
To compare the potential retinal toxicity of two commercially Brilliant blue G dyes (Brilliant Peel and Ocublue Plus) and Indocyanine green (ICG) at usual clinical concentration.
Methods
Brilliant Peel 0.025% (
n
=9), Ocublue Plus 0.025% (
n
=9), and ICG 0.05% (
n
=9) were injected intravitreally into Sprague–Dawley rat left eyes with balanced salt solution injected in the contralateral eyes as control. Evaluation of the effect of the dyes on retinal architecture was done by histological analysis of neurosensory retinal thickness and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) counts 7 days after intravitreal injection. Paired
t
-test was done to detect the presence of biologically significant thinning in neurosensory retina and five retinal layers for each dye (paired
t
-tests). One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference test were used to assess whether different dyes caused significant thinning in mean neurosensory retinal thickness and reduction of mean RGC density.
Results
Eyes treated with ICG had significantly thinner mean total neurosensory retinal thickness compared with the control eyes (
P
-value=0.01), followed by those treated with Ocublue Plus (
P
-value=0.03). Brilliant Peel did not cause significant thinning in any of the five retinal layers (all
P
-values>0.05). No significant difference in mean thinning of the total retinal thickness was detected between dyes (
P
-value=0.11). The mean thickness of the photoreceptor outer segment and outer plexiform layers were significantly reduced in ICG-injected eyes when compared with the control eyes (
P
-value=0.02). No significant difference in mean thinning between the three dyes was detected at all five retinal layers using one-way ANOVA (all
P
-values>0.35). RGC density was significantly reduced for ICG (
P
-value=0.01) but only marginally for Ocublue Plus (
P
-value=0.05). No significant reduction in RGC density was observed for Brilliant Peel (
P
-value=0.2).
Conclusion
Intravitreal Brilliant Peel is safe to rats retina. The retinal thinning and reduction in RGC density induced by Ocublue Plus requires further studies to determine the safety profile of this product. Potential retinal toxicity is seen with ICG 0.05%.</description><subject>631/92/609</subject><subject>692/698/1688/512/2613/1786</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Cell Count</subject><subject>Coloring Agents - toxicity</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Indocyanine Green - toxicity</subject><subject>Intravitreal Injections</subject><subject>Laboratory Medicine</subject><subject>Laboratory Study</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subject>Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology</subject><subject>Pilot Projects</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Retina - drug effects</subject><subject>Retina - pathology</subject><subject>Retinal Ganglion Cells - drug effects</subject><subject>Retinal Ganglion Cells - pathology</subject><subject>Rosaniline Dyes - toxicity</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Surgical Oncology</subject><subject>Vitreoretinal Surgery</subject><issn>0950-222X</issn><issn>1476-5454</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNptkc9LwzAcxYMobv64eZaAVzu_Sdq0vQgqOgXBywQ9hbT5dla6VJNU2H9vxuZQ8JJA3ifv-5JHyAmDCQNRXOASJxwYn3AJO2TM0lwmWZqlu2QMZQYJ5_xlRA68fweIYg77ZMQFK6VM5Zi8zt6Q-uCGOgxOdxSbButA-4a2Njj91QaH8fjatV3Xahto1Q1Ip1RbQx-s6eultq1FOneINt6hTgdPYyZ_RPYa3Xk83uyH5PnudnZznzw-TR9urh6TOs0gJIZhw0Xa5LnMkBvBoCil4UYaEBWUNWdaCi6qCjFGNlCDzqqqACMlskyW4pBcrn0_hmqBpsZV7k59uHah3VL1ulV_Fdu-qXn_pURW5oUsosHZxsD1nwP6oN77wdmYWTHBZC7iKiJ1vqZq13vvsNlOYKBWRaj4aLUqQsUiIn76O9UW_vn5CCRrwEfJztH9mvqf4TcQKJPm</recordid><startdate>20130301</startdate><enddate>20130301</enddate><creator>Ooi, Y L</creator><creator>Khang, T F</creator><creator>Naidu, M</creator><creator>Fong, K C S</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130301</creationdate><title>The structural effect of intravitreal Brilliant blue G and Indocyanine green in rats eyes</title><author>Ooi, Y L ; Khang, T F ; Naidu, M ; Fong, K C S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-d1ef234f7765e2d310896d2d6d03b09c21a6323bbee966d0c0a5bb80d66e15693</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>631/92/609</topic><topic>692/698/1688/512/2613/1786</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Cell Count</topic><topic>Coloring Agents - toxicity</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Indocyanine Green - toxicity</topic><topic>Intravitreal Injections</topic><topic>Laboratory Medicine</topic><topic>Laboratory Study</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Ophthalmology</topic><topic>Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology</topic><topic>Pilot Projects</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Retina - drug effects</topic><topic>Retina - pathology</topic><topic>Retinal Ganglion Cells - drug effects</topic><topic>Retinal Ganglion Cells - pathology</topic><topic>Rosaniline Dyes - toxicity</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Surgical Oncology</topic><topic>Vitreoretinal Surgery</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ooi, Y L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khang, T F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naidu, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fong, K C S</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Eye (London)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ooi, Y L</au><au>Khang, T F</au><au>Naidu, M</au><au>Fong, K C S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The structural effect of intravitreal Brilliant blue G and Indocyanine green in rats eyes</atitle><jtitle>Eye (London)</jtitle><stitle>Eye</stitle><addtitle>Eye (Lond)</addtitle><date>2013-03-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>425</spage><epage>431</epage><pages>425-431</pages><issn>0950-222X</issn><eissn>1476-5454</eissn><abstract>Purpose
To compare the potential retinal toxicity of two commercially Brilliant blue G dyes (Brilliant Peel and Ocublue Plus) and Indocyanine green (ICG) at usual clinical concentration.
Methods
Brilliant Peel 0.025% (
n
=9), Ocublue Plus 0.025% (
n
=9), and ICG 0.05% (
n
=9) were injected intravitreally into Sprague–Dawley rat left eyes with balanced salt solution injected in the contralateral eyes as control. Evaluation of the effect of the dyes on retinal architecture was done by histological analysis of neurosensory retinal thickness and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) counts 7 days after intravitreal injection. Paired
t
-test was done to detect the presence of biologically significant thinning in neurosensory retina and five retinal layers for each dye (paired
t
-tests). One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference test were used to assess whether different dyes caused significant thinning in mean neurosensory retinal thickness and reduction of mean RGC density.
Results
Eyes treated with ICG had significantly thinner mean total neurosensory retinal thickness compared with the control eyes (
P
-value=0.01), followed by those treated with Ocublue Plus (
P
-value=0.03). Brilliant Peel did not cause significant thinning in any of the five retinal layers (all
P
-values>0.05). No significant difference in mean thinning of the total retinal thickness was detected between dyes (
P
-value=0.11). The mean thickness of the photoreceptor outer segment and outer plexiform layers were significantly reduced in ICG-injected eyes when compared with the control eyes (
P
-value=0.02). No significant difference in mean thinning between the three dyes was detected at all five retinal layers using one-way ANOVA (all
P
-values>0.35). RGC density was significantly reduced for ICG (
P
-value=0.01) but only marginally for Ocublue Plus (
P
-value=0.05). No significant reduction in RGC density was observed for Brilliant Peel (
P
-value=0.2).
Conclusion
Intravitreal Brilliant Peel is safe to rats retina. The retinal thinning and reduction in RGC density induced by Ocublue Plus requires further studies to determine the safety profile of this product. Potential retinal toxicity is seen with ICG 0.05%.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>23196646</pmid><doi>10.1038/eye.2012.260</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0950-222X |
| ispartof | Eye (London), 2013-03, Vol.27 (3), p.425-431 |
| issn | 0950-222X 1476-5454 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_3597868 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; SpringerNature Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | 631/92/609 692/698/1688/512/2613/1786 Animals Cell Count Coloring Agents - toxicity Female Indocyanine Green - toxicity Intravitreal Injections Laboratory Medicine Laboratory Study Medicine Medicine & Public Health Ophthalmology Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology Pilot Projects Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Retina - drug effects Retina - pathology Retinal Ganglion Cells - drug effects Retinal Ganglion Cells - pathology Rosaniline Dyes - toxicity Surgery Surgical Oncology Vitreoretinal Surgery |
| title | The structural effect of intravitreal Brilliant blue G and Indocyanine green in rats eyes |
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