Impact of dietary nitrate supplementation via beetroot juice on exercising muscle vascular control in rats
Key points • Inorganic nitrate (NO3−) supplementation with beetroot juice (BR) in humans lowers blood pressure and the O2 cost of exercise and may improve exercise tolerance following its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and nitric oxide (NO). • The effect of inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR on s...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of physiology 2013-01, Vol.591 (2), p.547-557 |
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| creator | Ferguson, Scott K. Hirai, Daniel M. Copp, Steven W. Holdsworth, Clark T. Allen, Jason D. Jones, Andrew M. Musch, Timothy I. Poole, David C. |
| description | Key points
•
Inorganic nitrate (NO3−) supplementation with beetroot juice (BR) in humans lowers blood pressure and the O2 cost of exercise and may improve exercise tolerance following its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and nitric oxide (NO).
•
The effect of inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR on skeletal muscle blood flow (BF) and vascular conductance (VC) within and among locomotory muscles during exercise is unknown.
•
Inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR in rats resulted in lower exercising mean arterial pressure, lower blood [lactate], and higher total skeletal muscle hindlimb BF and VC during submaximal treadmill running.
•
The greater BF and VC was found in muscles and muscle parts containing primarily type IIb + d/x muscle fibres.
•
These data demonstrate that inorganic NO3− supplementation improves vascular control and elevates skeletal muscle O2 delivery during exercise predominantly in fast‐twitch type II muscles, and provide a potential mechanism by which NO3− supplementation improves metabolic control.
Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation, via its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and subsequent conversion to nitric oxide (NO) and other reactive nitrogen intermediates, reduces blood pressure and the O2 cost of submaximal exercise in humans. Despite these observations, the effects of dietary NO3− supplementation on skeletal muscle vascular control during locomotory exercise remain unknown. We tested the hypotheses that dietary NO3− supplementation via beetroot juice (BR) would reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) and increase hindlimb muscle blood flow in the exercising rat. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (3–6 months) were administered either NO3− (via beetroot juice; 1 mmol kg−1 day−1, BR n= 8) or untreated (control, n= 11) tap water for 5 days. MAP and hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow and vascular conductance (radiolabelled microsphere infusions) were measured during submaximal treadmill running (20 m min−1, 5% grade). BR resulted in significantly lower exercising MAP (control: 137 ± 3, BR: 127 ± 4 mmHg, P < 0.05) and blood [lactate] (control: 2.6 ± 0.3, BR: 1.9 ± 0.2 mm, P < 0.05) compared to control. Total exercising hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow (control: 108 ± 8, BR: 150 ± 11 ml min−1 (100 g)−1, P < 0.05) and vascular conductance (control: 0.78 ± 0.05, BR: 1.16 ± 0.10 ml min−1 (100 g)−1 mmHg−1, P < 0.05) were greater in rats that received BR compared to control. The relative differences in blood flow and vascular conductance for the |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.243121 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_3577528</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2878285181</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5850-2ed6b38bf4c0301b51c82b27c6b42004cce425b924d93f30a1ebe5e945c2192e3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkU9v1DAQxS0EokvhGyBkiQuXLPbYXjsXJFTxp6gSHMrZcryT1isnDnayZb89rratgAtoDpbGv3maN4-Ql5ytOefi7W66PpSQ4hoYhzVIwYE_IisuN22jdSsekxVjAI3Qip-QZ6XsGOOCte1TcgKC6VqwIrvzYXJ-pqmn24Czywc6hjm7GWlZpinigOPs5pBGug-OdohzTmmmuyV4pLWLPzH7UMJ4RYel-Ih074pfosvUp7HCkYaRVsHynDzpXSz44u49Jd8_frg8-9xcfP10fvb-ovHKKNYAbjedMF0vPROMd4p7Ax1ov-kkMCa9Rwmqa0FuW9EL5jh2qLCVygNvAcUpeXfUnZZuwK2vBrKLdsphqPZscsH--TOGa3uV9lYorRWYKvDmTiCnHwuW2Q6heIzRjZiWYrkRWtQzG_ZvFLRQhhvYVPT1X-guLXmsl6iUAaUFM1ApeaR8TqVk7B_25sze5m7vc7e3udtj7nXs1e-eH4bug65AewRuQsTDf4nayy_flBRM_AIPv79m</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1282573082</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Impact of dietary nitrate supplementation via beetroot juice on exercising muscle vascular control in rats</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>IngentaConnect Free/Open Access Journals</source><source>Wiley Online Library Free Content</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Wiley Online Library All Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Ferguson, Scott K. ; Hirai, Daniel M. ; Copp, Steven W. ; Holdsworth, Clark T. ; Allen, Jason D. ; Jones, Andrew M. ; Musch, Timothy I. ; Poole, David C.</creator><creatorcontrib>Ferguson, Scott K. ; Hirai, Daniel M. ; Copp, Steven W. ; Holdsworth, Clark T. ; Allen, Jason D. ; Jones, Andrew M. ; Musch, Timothy I. ; Poole, David C.</creatorcontrib><description>Key points
•
Inorganic nitrate (NO3−) supplementation with beetroot juice (BR) in humans lowers blood pressure and the O2 cost of exercise and may improve exercise tolerance following its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and nitric oxide (NO).
•
The effect of inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR on skeletal muscle blood flow (BF) and vascular conductance (VC) within and among locomotory muscles during exercise is unknown.
•
Inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR in rats resulted in lower exercising mean arterial pressure, lower blood [lactate], and higher total skeletal muscle hindlimb BF and VC during submaximal treadmill running.
•
The greater BF and VC was found in muscles and muscle parts containing primarily type IIb + d/x muscle fibres.
•
These data demonstrate that inorganic NO3− supplementation improves vascular control and elevates skeletal muscle O2 delivery during exercise predominantly in fast‐twitch type II muscles, and provide a potential mechanism by which NO3− supplementation improves metabolic control.
Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation, via its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and subsequent conversion to nitric oxide (NO) and other reactive nitrogen intermediates, reduces blood pressure and the O2 cost of submaximal exercise in humans. Despite these observations, the effects of dietary NO3− supplementation on skeletal muscle vascular control during locomotory exercise remain unknown. We tested the hypotheses that dietary NO3− supplementation via beetroot juice (BR) would reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) and increase hindlimb muscle blood flow in the exercising rat. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (3–6 months) were administered either NO3− (via beetroot juice; 1 mmol kg−1 day−1, BR n= 8) or untreated (control, n= 11) tap water for 5 days. MAP and hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow and vascular conductance (radiolabelled microsphere infusions) were measured during submaximal treadmill running (20 m min−1, 5% grade). BR resulted in significantly lower exercising MAP (control: 137 ± 3, BR: 127 ± 4 mmHg, P < 0.05) and blood [lactate] (control: 2.6 ± 0.3, BR: 1.9 ± 0.2 mm, P < 0.05) compared to control. Total exercising hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow (control: 108 ± 8, BR: 150 ± 11 ml min−1 (100 g)−1, P < 0.05) and vascular conductance (control: 0.78 ± 0.05, BR: 1.16 ± 0.10 ml min−1 (100 g)−1 mmHg−1, P < 0.05) were greater in rats that received BR compared to control. The relative differences in blood flow and vascular conductance for the 28 individual hindlimb muscles and muscle parts correlated positively with their percentage type IIb + d/x muscle fibres (blood flow: r= 0.74, vascular conductance: r= 0.71, P < 0.01 for both). These data support the hypothesis that NO3− supplementation improves vascular control and elevates skeletal muscle O2 delivery during exercise predominantly in fast‐twitch type II muscles, and provide a potential mechanism by which NO3− supplementation improves metabolic control.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3751</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-7793</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.243121</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23070702</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPHYA7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Beta vulgaris - chemistry ; Blood Pressure - drug effects ; Dietary Supplements ; Hindlimb - blood supply ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; Nitrates - blood ; Nitrates - pharmacology ; Nitrites - blood ; Oxygen Consumption - drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regional Blood Flow - drug effects ; Skeletal Muscle and Exercise</subject><ispartof>The Journal of physiology, 2013-01, Vol.591 (2), p.547-557</ispartof><rights>2012 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2012 The Physiological Society</rights><rights>2012 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2012 The Physiological Society 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5850-2ed6b38bf4c0301b51c82b27c6b42004cce425b924d93f30a1ebe5e945c2192e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5850-2ed6b38bf4c0301b51c82b27c6b42004cce425b924d93f30a1ebe5e945c2192e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3577528/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3577528/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23070702$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ferguson, Scott K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirai, Daniel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Copp, Steven W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holdsworth, Clark T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allen, Jason D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Andrew M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Musch, Timothy I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poole, David C.</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of dietary nitrate supplementation via beetroot juice on exercising muscle vascular control in rats</title><title>The Journal of physiology</title><addtitle>J Physiol</addtitle><description>Key points
•
Inorganic nitrate (NO3−) supplementation with beetroot juice (BR) in humans lowers blood pressure and the O2 cost of exercise and may improve exercise tolerance following its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and nitric oxide (NO).
•
The effect of inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR on skeletal muscle blood flow (BF) and vascular conductance (VC) within and among locomotory muscles during exercise is unknown.
•
Inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR in rats resulted in lower exercising mean arterial pressure, lower blood [lactate], and higher total skeletal muscle hindlimb BF and VC during submaximal treadmill running.
•
The greater BF and VC was found in muscles and muscle parts containing primarily type IIb + d/x muscle fibres.
•
These data demonstrate that inorganic NO3− supplementation improves vascular control and elevates skeletal muscle O2 delivery during exercise predominantly in fast‐twitch type II muscles, and provide a potential mechanism by which NO3− supplementation improves metabolic control.
Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation, via its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and subsequent conversion to nitric oxide (NO) and other reactive nitrogen intermediates, reduces blood pressure and the O2 cost of submaximal exercise in humans. Despite these observations, the effects of dietary NO3− supplementation on skeletal muscle vascular control during locomotory exercise remain unknown. We tested the hypotheses that dietary NO3− supplementation via beetroot juice (BR) would reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) and increase hindlimb muscle blood flow in the exercising rat. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (3–6 months) were administered either NO3− (via beetroot juice; 1 mmol kg−1 day−1, BR n= 8) or untreated (control, n= 11) tap water for 5 days. MAP and hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow and vascular conductance (radiolabelled microsphere infusions) were measured during submaximal treadmill running (20 m min−1, 5% grade). BR resulted in significantly lower exercising MAP (control: 137 ± 3, BR: 127 ± 4 mmHg, P < 0.05) and blood [lactate] (control: 2.6 ± 0.3, BR: 1.9 ± 0.2 mm, P < 0.05) compared to control. Total exercising hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow (control: 108 ± 8, BR: 150 ± 11 ml min−1 (100 g)−1, P < 0.05) and vascular conductance (control: 0.78 ± 0.05, BR: 1.16 ± 0.10 ml min−1 (100 g)−1 mmHg−1, P < 0.05) were greater in rats that received BR compared to control. The relative differences in blood flow and vascular conductance for the 28 individual hindlimb muscles and muscle parts correlated positively with their percentage type IIb + d/x muscle fibres (blood flow: r= 0.74, vascular conductance: r= 0.71, P < 0.01 for both). These data support the hypothesis that NO3− supplementation improves vascular control and elevates skeletal muscle O2 delivery during exercise predominantly in fast‐twitch type II muscles, and provide a potential mechanism by which NO3− supplementation improves metabolic control.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Beta vulgaris - chemistry</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - drug effects</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Hindlimb - blood supply</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Motor Activity</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>Nitrates - blood</subject><subject>Nitrates - pharmacology</subject><subject>Nitrites - blood</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption - drug effects</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Regional Blood Flow - drug effects</subject><subject>Skeletal Muscle and Exercise</subject><issn>0022-3751</issn><issn>1469-7793</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU9v1DAQxS0EokvhGyBkiQuXLPbYXjsXJFTxp6gSHMrZcryT1isnDnayZb89rratgAtoDpbGv3maN4-Ql5ytOefi7W66PpSQ4hoYhzVIwYE_IisuN22jdSsekxVjAI3Qip-QZ6XsGOOCte1TcgKC6VqwIrvzYXJ-pqmn24Czywc6hjm7GWlZpinigOPs5pBGug-OdohzTmmmuyV4pLWLPzH7UMJ4RYel-Ih074pfosvUp7HCkYaRVsHynDzpXSz44u49Jd8_frg8-9xcfP10fvb-ovHKKNYAbjedMF0vPROMd4p7Ax1ov-kkMCa9Rwmqa0FuW9EL5jh2qLCVygNvAcUpeXfUnZZuwK2vBrKLdsphqPZscsH--TOGa3uV9lYorRWYKvDmTiCnHwuW2Q6heIzRjZiWYrkRWtQzG_ZvFLRQhhvYVPT1X-guLXmsl6iUAaUFM1ApeaR8TqVk7B_25sze5m7vc7e3udtj7nXs1e-eH4bug65AewRuQsTDf4nayy_flBRM_AIPv79m</recordid><startdate>201301</startdate><enddate>201301</enddate><creator>Ferguson, Scott K.</creator><creator>Hirai, Daniel M.</creator><creator>Copp, Steven W.</creator><creator>Holdsworth, Clark T.</creator><creator>Allen, Jason D.</creator><creator>Jones, Andrew M.</creator><creator>Musch, Timothy I.</creator><creator>Poole, David C.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>Blackwell Science Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201301</creationdate><title>Impact of dietary nitrate supplementation via beetroot juice on exercising muscle vascular control in rats</title><author>Ferguson, Scott K. ; Hirai, Daniel M. ; Copp, Steven W. ; Holdsworth, Clark T. ; Allen, Jason D. ; Jones, Andrew M. ; Musch, Timothy I. ; Poole, David C.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5850-2ed6b38bf4c0301b51c82b27c6b42004cce425b924d93f30a1ebe5e945c2192e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Beta vulgaris - chemistry</topic><topic>Blood Pressure - drug effects</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Hindlimb - blood supply</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Motor Activity</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</topic><topic>Nitrates - blood</topic><topic>Nitrates - pharmacology</topic><topic>Nitrites - blood</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption - drug effects</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Regional Blood Flow - drug effects</topic><topic>Skeletal Muscle and Exercise</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ferguson, Scott K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirai, Daniel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Copp, Steven W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holdsworth, Clark T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allen, Jason D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Andrew M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Musch, Timothy I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poole, David C.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The Journal of physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ferguson, Scott K.</au><au>Hirai, Daniel M.</au><au>Copp, Steven W.</au><au>Holdsworth, Clark T.</au><au>Allen, Jason D.</au><au>Jones, Andrew M.</au><au>Musch, Timothy I.</au><au>Poole, David C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of dietary nitrate supplementation via beetroot juice on exercising muscle vascular control in rats</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of physiology</jtitle><addtitle>J Physiol</addtitle><date>2013-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>591</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>547</spage><epage>557</epage><pages>547-557</pages><issn>0022-3751</issn><eissn>1469-7793</eissn><coden>JPHYA7</coden><abstract>Key points
•
Inorganic nitrate (NO3−) supplementation with beetroot juice (BR) in humans lowers blood pressure and the O2 cost of exercise and may improve exercise tolerance following its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and nitric oxide (NO).
•
The effect of inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR on skeletal muscle blood flow (BF) and vascular conductance (VC) within and among locomotory muscles during exercise is unknown.
•
Inorganic NO3− supplementation with BR in rats resulted in lower exercising mean arterial pressure, lower blood [lactate], and higher total skeletal muscle hindlimb BF and VC during submaximal treadmill running.
•
The greater BF and VC was found in muscles and muscle parts containing primarily type IIb + d/x muscle fibres.
•
These data demonstrate that inorganic NO3− supplementation improves vascular control and elevates skeletal muscle O2 delivery during exercise predominantly in fast‐twitch type II muscles, and provide a potential mechanism by which NO3− supplementation improves metabolic control.
Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation, via its reduction to nitrite (NO2−) and subsequent conversion to nitric oxide (NO) and other reactive nitrogen intermediates, reduces blood pressure and the O2 cost of submaximal exercise in humans. Despite these observations, the effects of dietary NO3− supplementation on skeletal muscle vascular control during locomotory exercise remain unknown. We tested the hypotheses that dietary NO3− supplementation via beetroot juice (BR) would reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) and increase hindlimb muscle blood flow in the exercising rat. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (3–6 months) were administered either NO3− (via beetroot juice; 1 mmol kg−1 day−1, BR n= 8) or untreated (control, n= 11) tap water for 5 days. MAP and hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow and vascular conductance (radiolabelled microsphere infusions) were measured during submaximal treadmill running (20 m min−1, 5% grade). BR resulted in significantly lower exercising MAP (control: 137 ± 3, BR: 127 ± 4 mmHg, P < 0.05) and blood [lactate] (control: 2.6 ± 0.3, BR: 1.9 ± 0.2 mm, P < 0.05) compared to control. Total exercising hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow (control: 108 ± 8, BR: 150 ± 11 ml min−1 (100 g)−1, P < 0.05) and vascular conductance (control: 0.78 ± 0.05, BR: 1.16 ± 0.10 ml min−1 (100 g)−1 mmHg−1, P < 0.05) were greater in rats that received BR compared to control. The relative differences in blood flow and vascular conductance for the 28 individual hindlimb muscles and muscle parts correlated positively with their percentage type IIb + d/x muscle fibres (blood flow: r= 0.74, vascular conductance: r= 0.71, P < 0.01 for both). These data support the hypothesis that NO3− supplementation improves vascular control and elevates skeletal muscle O2 delivery during exercise predominantly in fast‐twitch type II muscles, and provide a potential mechanism by which NO3− supplementation improves metabolic control.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>23070702</pmid><doi>10.1113/jphysiol.2012.243121</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Beta vulgaris - chemistry Blood Pressure - drug effects Dietary Supplements Hindlimb - blood supply Male Motor Activity Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Nitrates - blood Nitrates - pharmacology Nitrites - blood Oxygen Consumption - drug effects Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Regional Blood Flow - drug effects Skeletal Muscle and Exercise |
| title | Impact of dietary nitrate supplementation via beetroot juice on exercising muscle vascular control in rats |
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