Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Ethanol Extract from Chinese Propolis (Poplar Type)
China produces the greatest amount of propolis but there is still lack of basic studies on its pharmacological mechanisms. Our previous study found that ethanol extract from Chinese propolis (EECP) exerted excellent anti-inflammatory effects in vivo but mechanisms of action were elusive. To further...
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| creator | Ping, Shun Hu, Lin Wang, Kai Hu, Fuliang Zhang, Cuiping Xuan, Hongzhuan Huang, Shuai |
| description | China produces the greatest amount of propolis but there is still lack of basic studies on its pharmacological mechanisms. Our previous study found that ethanol extract from Chinese propolis (EECP) exerted excellent anti-inflammatory effects in vivo but mechanisms of action were elusive. To further clarify the possible mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of Chinese propolis (poplar type), we utilized EECP to analyze its chemical composition and evaluated its potential anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile indicated that EECP contained abundant flavonoids, including rutin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, pinocembrin, chrysin, and galangin. Next we found that EECP could significantly inhibit the production of NO, IL-1β, and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and suppress mRNA expression of iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that EECP could suppress the phosphorylation of IκBα and AP-1 but did not affect IκBα’s degradation. In addition, using a reporter assay, we found that EECP could block the activation of NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated HEK 293T cells. Our findings give new insights for understanding the mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effects by Chinese propolis and provide additional references for using propolis in alternative and complementary therapies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2013/127672 |
| format | Article |
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Our previous study found that ethanol extract from Chinese propolis (EECP) exerted excellent anti-inflammatory effects in vivo but mechanisms of action were elusive. To further clarify the possible mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of Chinese propolis (poplar type), we utilized EECP to analyze its chemical composition and evaluated its potential anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile indicated that EECP contained abundant flavonoids, including rutin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, pinocembrin, chrysin, and galangin. Next we found that EECP could significantly inhibit the production of NO, IL-1β, and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and suppress mRNA expression of iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that EECP could suppress the phosphorylation of IκBα and AP-1 but did not affect IκBα’s degradation. In addition, using a reporter assay, we found that EECP could block the activation of NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated HEK 293T cells. Our findings give new insights for understanding the mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effects by Chinese propolis and provide additional references for using propolis in alternative and complementary therapies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1741-427X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-4288</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2013/127672</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23401705</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Puplishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Anti-inflammatory agents ; Cytokines ; Ethanol ; Flavonoids ; Gene expression ; High performance liquid chromatography ; Inflammation ; Interleukin 6 ; Kaempferol ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Liquid chromatography ; Molecular modelling ; NF-κB protein ; Nitric oxide ; Nitric-oxide synthase ; Phosphorylation ; Propolis ; Proteins ; Quercetin ; Rodents ; Rutin ; Transcription factors ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF ; Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><ispartof>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2013-01, Vol.2013 (2013), p.1-11</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2013 Kai Wang et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Kai Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Kai Wang et al. 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-c4c0c204b9a1ca77b3155df8c0a753c88565983e4f06245322b337d3c0d3db483</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-c4c0c204b9a1ca77b3155df8c0a753c88565983e4f06245322b337d3c0d3db483</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3562570/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3562570/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27903,27904,53769,53771</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401705$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Sforcin, José Maurício</contributor><contributor>José Maurício Sforcin</contributor><creatorcontrib>Ping, Shun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Lin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Kai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Fuliang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Cuiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xuan, Hongzhuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Shuai</creatorcontrib><title>Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Ethanol Extract from Chinese Propolis (Poplar Type)</title><title>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</title><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><description>China produces the greatest amount of propolis but there is still lack of basic studies on its pharmacological mechanisms. Our previous study found that ethanol extract from Chinese propolis (EECP) exerted excellent anti-inflammatory effects in vivo but mechanisms of action were elusive. To further clarify the possible mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of Chinese propolis (poplar type), we utilized EECP to analyze its chemical composition and evaluated its potential anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile indicated that EECP contained abundant flavonoids, including rutin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, pinocembrin, chrysin, and galangin. Next we found that EECP could significantly inhibit the production of NO, IL-1β, and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and suppress mRNA expression of iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that EECP could suppress the phosphorylation of IκBα and AP-1 but did not affect IκBα’s degradation. In addition, using a reporter assay, we found that EECP could block the activation of NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated HEK 293T cells. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ping, Shun</au><au>Hu, Lin</au><au>Wang, Kai</au><au>Hu, Fuliang</au><au>Zhang, Cuiping</au><au>Xuan, Hongzhuan</au><au>Huang, Shuai</au><au>Sforcin, José Maurício</au><au>José Maurício Sforcin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Ethanol Extract from Chinese Propolis (Poplar Type)</atitle><jtitle>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><date>2013-01-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>2013</volume><issue>2013</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>11</epage><pages>1-11</pages><issn>1741-427X</issn><eissn>1741-4288</eissn><abstract>China produces the greatest amount of propolis but there is still lack of basic studies on its pharmacological mechanisms. Our previous study found that ethanol extract from Chinese propolis (EECP) exerted excellent anti-inflammatory effects in vivo but mechanisms of action were elusive. To further clarify the possible mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of Chinese propolis (poplar type), we utilized EECP to analyze its chemical composition and evaluated its potential anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile indicated that EECP contained abundant flavonoids, including rutin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, pinocembrin, chrysin, and galangin. Next we found that EECP could significantly inhibit the production of NO, IL-1β, and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and suppress mRNA expression of iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that EECP could suppress the phosphorylation of IκBα and AP-1 but did not affect IκBα’s degradation. In addition, using a reporter assay, we found that EECP could block the activation of NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated HEK 293T cells. Our findings give new insights for understanding the mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effects by Chinese propolis and provide additional references for using propolis in alternative and complementary therapies.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Puplishing Corporation</pub><pmid>23401705</pmid><doi>10.1155/2013/127672</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Anti-inflammatory agents Cytokines Ethanol Flavonoids Gene expression High performance liquid chromatography Inflammation Interleukin 6 Kaempferol Lipopolysaccharides Liquid chromatography Molecular modelling NF-κB protein Nitric oxide Nitric-oxide synthase Phosphorylation Propolis Proteins Quercetin Rodents Rutin Transcription factors Tumor necrosis factor-TNF Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| title | Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Ethanol Extract from Chinese Propolis (Poplar Type) |
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