Blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentration in essential tremor cases in Spain
► Environmental correlates for essential tremor (ET) are largely unexplored. ► Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing toxin. ► Blood harmane levels were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. ► Blood harmane levels were elevated in familial ET cases vs....
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| creator | Louis, Elan D. Benito-León, Julian Moreno-García, Sara Vega, Saturio Romero, Juan Pablo Bermejo-Pareja, Felix Gerbin, Marina Viner, Amanda S. Factor-Litvak, Pam Jiang, Wendy Zheng, Wei |
| description | ► Environmental correlates for essential tremor (ET) are largely unexplored. ► Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing toxin. ► Blood harmane levels were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. ► Blood harmane levels were elevated in familial ET cases vs. controls in Spain. ► These data extend observations from New York to a second cohort of cases in Spain.
Environmental correlates for essential tremor (ET) are largely unexplored. The search for such environmental factors has involved the study of a number of neurotoxins. Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing toxin. In two prior case–control studies in New York, we demonstrated that blood harmane concentration was elevated in ET patients vs. controls, and especially in familial ET cases. These findings, however, have been derived from a study of cases ascertained through a single tertiary referral center in New York.
Our objective was to determine whether blood harmane concentrations are elevated in familial and sporadic ET cases, ascertained from central Spain, compared to controls without ET.
Blood harmane concentrations were quantified by a well-established high performance liquid chromatography method.
The median harmane concentrations were: 2.09g−10/ml (138 controls), 2.41g−10/ml (68 sporadic ET), and 2.90g−10/ml (62 familial ET). In an unadjusted logistic regression analysis, log blood harmane concentration was not significantly associated with diagnosis (familial ET vs. control): odds ratio=1.56, p=0.26. In a logistic regression analysis that adjusted for evaluation start time, which was an important confounding variable, the odds ratio increased to 2.35, p=0.049.
Blood harmane levels were slightly elevated in a group of familial ET cases compared to a group of controls in Spain. These data seem to further extend our observations from New York to a second cohort of ET cases in Spain. This neurotoxin continues to be a source of interest for future confirmatory research. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.09.004 |
| format | Article |
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Environmental correlates for essential tremor (ET) are largely unexplored. The search for such environmental factors has involved the study of a number of neurotoxins. Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing toxin. In two prior case–control studies in New York, we demonstrated that blood harmane concentration was elevated in ET patients vs. controls, and especially in familial ET cases. These findings, however, have been derived from a study of cases ascertained through a single tertiary referral center in New York.
Our objective was to determine whether blood harmane concentrations are elevated in familial and sporadic ET cases, ascertained from central Spain, compared to controls without ET.
Blood harmane concentrations were quantified by a well-established high performance liquid chromatography method.
The median harmane concentrations were: 2.09g−10/ml (138 controls), 2.41g−10/ml (68 sporadic ET), and 2.90g−10/ml (62 familial ET). In an unadjusted logistic regression analysis, log blood harmane concentration was not significantly associated with diagnosis (familial ET vs. control): odds ratio=1.56, p=0.26. In a logistic regression analysis that adjusted for evaluation start time, which was an important confounding variable, the odds ratio increased to 2.35, p=0.049.
Blood harmane levels were slightly elevated in a group of familial ET cases compared to a group of controls in Spain. These data seem to further extend our observations from New York to a second cohort of ET cases in Spain. This neurotoxin continues to be a source of interest for future confirmatory research.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0161-813X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-9711</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.09.004</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22981972</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding ; Analysis of Variance ; Biological and medical sciences ; Case-Control Studies ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Environment. Living conditions ; Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects ; Environmental Pollutants - blood ; Environmental risk factors ; Epidemiology ; Essential tremor ; Essential Tremor - blood ; Essential Tremor - chemically induced ; Essential Tremor - epidemiology ; Essential Tremor - physiopathology ; Female ; Harmane ; Harmine - adverse effects ; Harmine - analogs & derivatives ; Harmine - blood ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) ; Nervous system as a whole ; Neurology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - blood ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - epidemiology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - physiopathology ; Odds Ratio ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Spain - epidemiology ; Toxicology ; Toxin ; Up-Regulation ; β-Carboline alkaloid</subject><ispartof>Neurotoxicology (Park Forest South), 2013-01, Vol.34, p.264-268</ispartof><rights>2012 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-764f6bbd72b6c0fbfd1d36aac0e681e1a49cfeed1d60b4ad4694204a1b1ce1493</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-764f6bbd72b6c0fbfd1d36aac0e681e1a49cfeed1d60b4ad4694204a1b1ce1493</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2012.09.004$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26925448$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22981972$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Louis, Elan D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benito-León, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno-García, Sara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vega, Saturio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romero, Juan Pablo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bermejo-Pareja, Felix</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerbin, Marina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viner, Amanda S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Factor-Litvak, Pam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Wendy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Wei</creatorcontrib><title>Blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentration in essential tremor cases in Spain</title><title>Neurotoxicology (Park Forest South)</title><addtitle>Neurotoxicology</addtitle><description>► Environmental correlates for essential tremor (ET) are largely unexplored. ► Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing toxin. ► Blood harmane levels were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. ► Blood harmane levels were elevated in familial ET cases vs. controls in Spain. ► These data extend observations from New York to a second cohort of cases in Spain.
Environmental correlates for essential tremor (ET) are largely unexplored. The search for such environmental factors has involved the study of a number of neurotoxins. Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing toxin. In two prior case–control studies in New York, we demonstrated that blood harmane concentration was elevated in ET patients vs. controls, and especially in familial ET cases. These findings, however, have been derived from a study of cases ascertained through a single tertiary referral center in New York.
Our objective was to determine whether blood harmane concentrations are elevated in familial and sporadic ET cases, ascertained from central Spain, compared to controls without ET.
Blood harmane concentrations were quantified by a well-established high performance liquid chromatography method.
The median harmane concentrations were: 2.09g−10/ml (138 controls), 2.41g−10/ml (68 sporadic ET), and 2.90g−10/ml (62 familial ET). In an unadjusted logistic regression analysis, log blood harmane concentration was not significantly associated with diagnosis (familial ET vs. control): odds ratio=1.56, p=0.26. In a logistic regression analysis that adjusted for evaluation start time, which was an important confounding variable, the odds ratio increased to 2.35, p=0.049.
Blood harmane levels were slightly elevated in a group of familial ET cases compared to a group of controls in Spain. These data seem to further extend our observations from New York to a second cohort of ET cases in Spain. This neurotoxin continues to be a source of interest for future confirmatory research.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Chi-Square Distribution</subject><subject>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</subject><subject>Environment. Living conditions</subject><subject>Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects</subject><subject>Environmental Pollutants - blood</subject><subject>Environmental risk factors</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Essential tremor</subject><subject>Essential Tremor - blood</subject><subject>Essential Tremor - chemically induced</subject><subject>Essential Tremor - epidemiology</subject><subject>Essential Tremor - physiopathology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Harmane</subject><subject>Harmine - adverse effects</subject><subject>Harmine - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Harmine - blood</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</subject><subject>Nervous system as a whole</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - blood</subject><subject>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - physiopathology</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Spain - epidemiology</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Toxin</subject><subject>Up-Regulation</subject><subject>β-Carboline alkaloid</subject><issn>0161-813X</issn><issn>1872-9711</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kdFrFDEQxoMo9lr9CwTZF6GCu2ay2ezmwUIt1QoFH1QQRGI2mfVy7CZnsle4_74576z1xacwmd988zEfIc-AVkBBvF5VHjcxVIwCq6isKOUPyAK6lpWyBXhIFpmCsoP66xE5TmlFKTStkI_JEWOyA9myBfnxdgzBFksdJ-2xOIVywnm5HUt5Va630dnwrX7Fy_678zaM-LIwwRv0c9SzC75wvsCUcu30WMwRpxALoxOmXefTWjv_hDwa9Jjw6eE9IV_eXX6-uCqvP77_cHF-XZqGsblsBR9E39uW9cLQoR8s2FpobSiKDhA0l2ZAzL-C9lxbLiRnlGvowSBwWZ-Qs73uetNPaPceR7WObtJxq4J26t-Od0v1M9youmlELVgWOD0IxPBrg2lWk0sGxzHfJWySAiE4SNbADq33qIkhpYjD3RqgapeNWqnf2ahdNopKlbPJU8_vO7yb-RNGBl4cAJ2MHoeovXHpLyfyds67zL3Zc5jveeMwqmQc5lisi2hmZYP7r5Fb49ewBQ</recordid><startdate>20130101</startdate><enddate>20130101</enddate><creator>Louis, Elan D.</creator><creator>Benito-León, Julian</creator><creator>Moreno-García, Sara</creator><creator>Vega, Saturio</creator><creator>Romero, Juan Pablo</creator><creator>Bermejo-Pareja, Felix</creator><creator>Gerbin, Marina</creator><creator>Viner, Amanda S.</creator><creator>Factor-Litvak, Pam</creator><creator>Jiang, Wendy</creator><creator>Zheng, Wei</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130101</creationdate><title>Blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentration in essential tremor cases in Spain</title><author>Louis, Elan D. ; Benito-León, Julian ; Moreno-García, Sara ; Vega, Saturio ; Romero, Juan Pablo ; Bermejo-Pareja, Felix ; Gerbin, Marina ; Viner, Amanda S. ; Factor-Litvak, Pam ; Jiang, Wendy ; Zheng, Wei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-764f6bbd72b6c0fbfd1d36aac0e681e1a49cfeed1d60b4ad4694204a1b1ce1493</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Chi-Square Distribution</topic><topic>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</topic><topic>Environment. Living conditions</topic><topic>Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects</topic><topic>Environmental Pollutants - blood</topic><topic>Environmental risk factors</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Essential tremor</topic><topic>Essential Tremor - blood</topic><topic>Essential Tremor - chemically induced</topic><topic>Essential Tremor - epidemiology</topic><topic>Essential Tremor - physiopathology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Harmane</topic><topic>Harmine - adverse effects</topic><topic>Harmine - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Harmine - blood</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</topic><topic>Nervous system as a whole</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - blood</topic><topic>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - epidemiology</topic><topic>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - physiopathology</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Spain - epidemiology</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Toxin</topic><topic>Up-Regulation</topic><topic>β-Carboline alkaloid</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Louis, Elan D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benito-León, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno-García, Sara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vega, Saturio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romero, Juan Pablo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bermejo-Pareja, Felix</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerbin, Marina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viner, Amanda S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Factor-Litvak, Pam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Wendy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Wei</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Neurotoxicology (Park Forest South)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Louis, Elan D.</au><au>Benito-León, Julian</au><au>Moreno-García, Sara</au><au>Vega, Saturio</au><au>Romero, Juan Pablo</au><au>Bermejo-Pareja, Felix</au><au>Gerbin, Marina</au><au>Viner, Amanda S.</au><au>Factor-Litvak, Pam</au><au>Jiang, Wendy</au><au>Zheng, Wei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentration in essential tremor cases in Spain</atitle><jtitle>Neurotoxicology (Park Forest South)</jtitle><addtitle>Neurotoxicology</addtitle><date>2013-01-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>34</volume><spage>264</spage><epage>268</epage><pages>264-268</pages><issn>0161-813X</issn><eissn>1872-9711</eissn><abstract>► Environmental correlates for essential tremor (ET) are largely unexplored. ► Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing toxin. ► Blood harmane levels were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. ► Blood harmane levels were elevated in familial ET cases vs. controls in Spain. ► These data extend observations from New York to a second cohort of cases in Spain.
Environmental correlates for essential tremor (ET) are largely unexplored. The search for such environmental factors has involved the study of a number of neurotoxins. Harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a potent tremor-producing toxin. In two prior case–control studies in New York, we demonstrated that blood harmane concentration was elevated in ET patients vs. controls, and especially in familial ET cases. These findings, however, have been derived from a study of cases ascertained through a single tertiary referral center in New York.
Our objective was to determine whether blood harmane concentrations are elevated in familial and sporadic ET cases, ascertained from central Spain, compared to controls without ET.
Blood harmane concentrations were quantified by a well-established high performance liquid chromatography method.
The median harmane concentrations were: 2.09g−10/ml (138 controls), 2.41g−10/ml (68 sporadic ET), and 2.90g−10/ml (62 familial ET). In an unadjusted logistic regression analysis, log blood harmane concentration was not significantly associated with diagnosis (familial ET vs. control): odds ratio=1.56, p=0.26. In a logistic regression analysis that adjusted for evaluation start time, which was an important confounding variable, the odds ratio increased to 2.35, p=0.049.
Blood harmane levels were slightly elevated in a group of familial ET cases compared to a group of controls in Spain. These data seem to further extend our observations from New York to a second cohort of ET cases in Spain. This neurotoxin continues to be a source of interest for future confirmatory research.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>22981972</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.neuro.2012.09.004</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Neurotoxicology (Park Forest South), 2013-01, Vol.34, p.264-268 |
| issn | 0161-813X 1872-9711 |
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| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Aged Aged, 80 and over Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding Analysis of Variance Biological and medical sciences Case-Control Studies Chi-Square Distribution Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Environment. Living conditions Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects Environmental Pollutants - blood Environmental risk factors Epidemiology Essential tremor Essential Tremor - blood Essential Tremor - chemically induced Essential Tremor - epidemiology Essential Tremor - physiopathology Female Harmane Harmine - adverse effects Harmine - analogs & derivatives Harmine - blood Humans Logistic Models Longitudinal Studies Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Nervous system as a whole Neurology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - blood Neurotoxicity Syndromes - epidemiology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - physiopathology Odds Ratio Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Risk Assessment Risk Factors Spain - epidemiology Toxicology Toxin Up-Regulation β-Carboline alkaloid |
| title | Blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentration in essential tremor cases in Spain |
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