Odontogenic tumours manifesting in the first two decades of life in a rural African population sample: a 26 year retrospective analysis

The aim of this study was to determine the relative frequencies and clinico-pathological features of odontogenic tumours affecting the jaw bones of patients in the first two decades of life and of rural and periurban African extract. Files of patients younger than 20 years of age diagnosed over a period of 26 years with odontogenic tumours were retrieved and analysed for gender, site, tumour size and radiographic appearance. 33% of odontogenic tumours diagnosed in the population sample presented during the first 2 decades of life. Ameloblastoma was the most frequent benign tumour (43%) followed by keratocystic odontogenic tumour (19%) and adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (10%). Four patients (1.6%) presented with ameloblastic carcinoma. Owing to the unique population demographics of South Africa, odontogenic tumours in the first two decades of life comprise a larger percentage of the total number of cases than in other communities. The frequency of the different odontogenic tumour types generally follows the pattern of those reported in Africa, China and parts of South America. Radiographic examination is indispensable in establishing an accurate diagnosis.