The 9th grade shock and the high school dropout crisis

► We use administrative records to measure patterns of high school attrition and graduation. ► We find that failure, as measured by grade retention and attrition, are as common graduation. ► Our results challenge the notion that levels of high school completion are nearly universal. ► The ‘9th grade...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Social science research 2012-05, Vol.41 (3), p.709-730
Hauptverfasser:	Pharris-Ciurej, Nikolas, Hirschman, Charles, Willhoft, Joseph
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	9th Grade shock Academic Achievement Academic performance Adjustment Attrition census crises Dropouts Educational Attainment Educational inequality Enrollment Estimation High school completion process High school dropouts High school graduates High School Students High Schools Level of education Life course Metropolitan areas Qualifications Risk factors School Districts School environment schools Secondary schools Social disadvantage Social research Social science research Socioeconomic factors Student behaviour Student retention
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