Viruses in Nondisinfected Drinking Water from Municipal Wells and Community Incidence of Acute Gastrointestinal Illness

Background: Groundwater supplies for drinking water are frequently contaminated with low levels of human enteric virus genomes, yet evidence for waterborne disease transmission is lacking. Objectives: We related quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)—measured enteric viruses in the tap water...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Environmental health perspectives 2012-09, Vol.120 (9), p.1272-1279
Hauptverfasser:	Borchardt, Mark A., Spencer, Susan K., Kieke, Burney A., Lambertini, Elisabetta, Loge, Frank J.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Adenoviridae Adenoviruses Adolescent Adult adults Adusted gross income Aged Biological and medical sciences cell culture Chemical properties Child Child, Preschool children disease incidence disease transmission Disinfection Drinking Water Drinking Water - virology Environment. Living conditions Environmental agencies epidemiology Female Gastrointestinal Diseases Gastrointestinal Diseases - epidemiology Gastrointestinal Diseases - virology gastrointestinal system genome Groundwater Groundwater - virology groundwater contamination Health aspects households Human enterovirus Humans Incidence Infant isolation & purification Male Medical sciences microbial contamination Middle Aged Norovirus pathogenicity Poisson Distribution Polymerase Chain Reaction Potable water Prospective Studies Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine relative risk Risk Assessment Risk factors Seasons serotypes Surface water Surveillance Tap water Toxicology virology Virus diseases Viruses Viruses - isolation & purification Water, Underground waterborne diseases wells Wisconsin Wisconsin - epidemiology Young Adult
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