Air Pollution and Symptoms of Depression in Elderly Adults
Background: Although the effect of air pollution on various diseases has been extensively investigated; few studies have examined its effect on depression. Objectives: We investigated the effect of air pollution on symptoms of depression in an elderly population. Methods: We enrolled 537 participant...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental health perspectives 2012-07, Vol.120 (7), p.1023-1028 |
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description | Background: Although the effect of air pollution on various diseases has been extensively investigated; few studies have examined its effect on depression. Objectives: We investigated the effect of air pollution on symptoms of depression in an elderly population. Methods: We enrolled 537 participants in the study who regularly visited a community center for the elderly located in Seoul, Korea. The Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (SGDS-K) was used to evaluate depressive symptomatology during a 3-year follow-up study. We associated ambient air pollutants with SGDS-K results using generalized estimating equations (GEE). We also conducted a factor analysis with items on the SGDS-K to determine which symptoms were associated with air pollution. Results: SGDS-K scores were positively associated with interquartile range (IQR) increases in the 3-day moving average concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm (PM₁₀) [17.0% increase in SGDS-K score, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9%, 30.5%], the 0-7 day moving average of nitrogen dioxide [NO₂; 32.8% (95% CI: 12.6%, 56.6%)], and the 3-day moving average of ozone [O₃; 43.7% (95% CI: 11.5%, 85.2%)]. For these three pollutants, factor analysis showed that air pollution was more strongly associated with emotional symptoms such as feeling happy and satisfied than with somatic or affective symptoms. Conclusions: Our study suggests that increases in PM₁₀, NO₂, and O₃ may increase depressive symptoms among the elderly. Of the symptoms evaluated, ambient air pollution was most strongly associated with emotional symptoms. |
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Objectives: We investigated the effect of air pollution on symptoms of depression in an elderly population. Methods: We enrolled 537 participants in the study who regularly visited a community center for the elderly located in Seoul, Korea. The Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (SGDS-K) was used to evaluate depressive symptomatology during a 3-year follow-up study. We associated ambient air pollutants with SGDS-K results using generalized estimating equations (GEE). We also conducted a factor analysis with items on the SGDS-K to determine which symptoms were associated with air pollution. Results: SGDS-K scores were positively associated with interquartile range (IQR) increases in the 3-day moving average concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm (PM₁₀) [17.0% increase in SGDS-K score, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9%, 30.5%], the 0-7 day moving average of nitrogen dioxide [NO₂; 32.8% (95% CI: 12.6%, 56.6%)], and the 3-day moving average of ozone [O₃; 43.7% (95% CI: 11.5%, 85.2%)]. For these three pollutants, factor analysis showed that air pollution was more strongly associated with emotional symptoms such as feeling happy and satisfied than with somatic or affective symptoms. Conclusions: Our study suggests that increases in PM₁₀, NO₂, and O₃ may increase depressive symptoms among the elderly. Of the symptoms evaluated, ambient air pollution was most strongly associated with emotional symptoms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0091-6765</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-9924</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1104100</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22514209</identifier><identifier>CODEN: EVHPAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</publisher><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Affective symptoms ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Air ; Air pollutants ; Air pollution ; Air Pollution - adverse effects ; Analytical estimating ; Biological and medical sciences ; Body mass index ; Depression ; Depression, Mental ; Depressive Disorder - epidemiology ; Depressive Disorder - etiology ; Depressive disorders ; Emergency departments ; Environment. Living conditions ; Environmental aspects ; Environmental pollutants toxicology ; Female ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mood disorders ; Nitrogen Dioxide - toxicity ; Older adults ; Oxidative stress ; Ozone - toxicity ; Particulate Matter - toxicity ; Physiological aspects ; Psychological aspects ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Symptoms ; Toxicology</subject><ispartof>Environmental health perspectives, 2012-07, Vol.120 (7), p.1023-1028</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</rights><rights>Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Jul 2012</rights><rights>2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c773t-6eb416443c2bd1978cfe73035eff394d9686e653a14e88ae694625b2f29d7ffe3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c773t-6eb416443c2bd1978cfe73035eff394d9686e653a14e88ae694625b2f29d7ffe3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/41548786$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/41548786$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,804,865,886,27929,27930,53796,53798,58022,58255</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26067703$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22514209$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lim, Youn-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jin Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bae, Sanghyuk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hye Yin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Yun-Chul</creatorcontrib><title>Air Pollution and Symptoms of Depression in Elderly Adults</title><title>Environmental health perspectives</title><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><description>Background: Although the effect of air pollution on various diseases has been extensively investigated; few studies have examined its effect on depression. Objectives: We investigated the effect of air pollution on symptoms of depression in an elderly population. Methods: We enrolled 537 participants in the study who regularly visited a community center for the elderly located in Seoul, Korea. The Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (SGDS-K) was used to evaluate depressive symptomatology during a 3-year follow-up study. We associated ambient air pollutants with SGDS-K results using generalized estimating equations (GEE). We also conducted a factor analysis with items on the SGDS-K to determine which symptoms were associated with air pollution. Results: SGDS-K scores were positively associated with interquartile range (IQR) increases in the 3-day moving average concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm (PM₁₀) [17.0% increase in SGDS-K score, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9%, 30.5%], the 0-7 day moving average of nitrogen dioxide [NO₂; 32.8% (95% CI: 12.6%, 56.6%)], and the 3-day moving average of ozone [O₃; 43.7% (95% CI: 11.5%, 85.2%)]. For these three pollutants, factor analysis showed that air pollution was more strongly associated with emotional symptoms such as feeling happy and satisfied than with somatic or affective symptoms. Conclusions: Our study suggests that increases in PM₁₀, NO₂, and O₃ may increase depressive symptoms among the elderly. Of the symptoms evaluated, ambient air pollution was most strongly associated with emotional symptoms.</description><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Affective symptoms</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Air</subject><subject>Air pollutants</subject><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Air Pollution - adverse effects</subject><subject>Analytical estimating</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depression, Mental</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - epidemiology</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - etiology</subject><subject>Depressive disorders</subject><subject>Emergency departments</subject><subject>Environment. Living conditions</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Environmental pollutants toxicology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mood disorders</subject><subject>Nitrogen Dioxide - toxicity</subject><subject>Older adults</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Ozone - toxicity</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - toxicity</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Symptoms</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><issn>0091-6765</issn><issn>1552-9924</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0s2LEzEUAPAgilurJ8_KwKIgMjVfk5l4EMq66sLCiqteQ5p5aVNmJmMyI_a_N6W1u4UeJIdA3u-9hLyH0HOCZ4RW8h2s-hkhmBOMH6AJKQqaS0n5QzTBWJJclKI4Q09iXGOMSSXEY3RGaUE4xXKC3s9dyL76phkH57tMd3V2u2n7wbcx8zb7CH2AGLch12WXTQ2h2WTzemyG-BQ9srqJ8Gy_T9GPT5ffL77k1zefry7m17kpSzbkAhacCM6ZoYuayLIyFkqGWQHWMslrKSoBomCacKgqDUJyQYsFtVTWpbXApujDrm4_LlqoDXRD0I3qg2t12CivnTqOdG6llv63YhxzUdBU4HxfIPhfI8RBrf0YuvRmRTCtMOMVZXdqqRtQrrM-FTOti0bNGeZclDS9coryE2oJHaSbfQfWpeMjPzvh06qhdeZkwpujhGQG-DMs9Rijurr99v_25uexfX3PrkA3wyr6XdvjMXy7gyb4GAPYw08TrLYDp9LAqf3AJf3yfnMO9t-EJfBqD3Q0urFBd8bFOyewKEu8_f4XO7eOgw-HOCcFr8pKsL_reeIO</recordid><startdate>20120701</startdate><enddate>20120701</enddate><creator>Lim, Youn-Hee</creator><creator>Kim, Ho</creator><creator>Kim, Jin Hee</creator><creator>Bae, Sanghyuk</creator><creator>Park, Hye Yin</creator><creator>Hong, Yun-Chul</creator><general>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</general><general>US Department of Health and Human Services</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120701</creationdate><title>Air Pollution and Symptoms of Depression in Elderly Adults</title><author>Lim, Youn-Hee ; Kim, Ho ; Kim, Jin Hee ; Bae, Sanghyuk ; Park, Hye Yin ; Hong, Yun-Chul</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c773t-6eb416443c2bd1978cfe73035eff394d9686e653a14e88ae694625b2f29d7ffe3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Affective symptoms</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Air</topic><topic>Air pollutants</topic><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Air Pollution - adverse effects</topic><topic>Analytical estimating</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depression, Mental</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - epidemiology</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - etiology</topic><topic>Depressive disorders</topic><topic>Emergency departments</topic><topic>Environment. Living conditions</topic><topic>Environmental aspects</topic><topic>Environmental pollutants toxicology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mood disorders</topic><topic>Nitrogen Dioxide - toxicity</topic><topic>Older adults</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Ozone - toxicity</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - toxicity</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Psychological aspects</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Symptoms</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lim, Youn-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jin Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bae, Sanghyuk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hye Yin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Yun-Chul</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Environmental health perspectives</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lim, Youn-Hee</au><au>Kim, Ho</au><au>Kim, Jin Hee</au><au>Bae, Sanghyuk</au><au>Park, Hye Yin</au><au>Hong, Yun-Chul</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Air Pollution and Symptoms of Depression in Elderly Adults</atitle><jtitle>Environmental health perspectives</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><date>2012-07-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>120</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1023</spage><epage>1028</epage><pages>1023-1028</pages><issn>0091-6765</issn><eissn>1552-9924</eissn><coden>EVHPAZ</coden><abstract>Background: Although the effect of air pollution on various diseases has been extensively investigated; few studies have examined its effect on depression. Objectives: We investigated the effect of air pollution on symptoms of depression in an elderly population. Methods: We enrolled 537 participants in the study who regularly visited a community center for the elderly located in Seoul, Korea. The Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (SGDS-K) was used to evaluate depressive symptomatology during a 3-year follow-up study. We associated ambient air pollutants with SGDS-K results using generalized estimating equations (GEE). We also conducted a factor analysis with items on the SGDS-K to determine which symptoms were associated with air pollution. Results: SGDS-K scores were positively associated with interquartile range (IQR) increases in the 3-day moving average concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm (PM₁₀) [17.0% increase in SGDS-K score, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9%, 30.5%], the 0-7 day moving average of nitrogen dioxide [NO₂; 32.8% (95% CI: 12.6%, 56.6%)], and the 3-day moving average of ozone [O₃; 43.7% (95% CI: 11.5%, 85.2%)]. For these three pollutants, factor analysis showed that air pollution was more strongly associated with emotional symptoms such as feeling happy and satisfied than with somatic or affective symptoms. Conclusions: Our study suggests that increases in PM₁₀, NO₂, and O₃ may increase depressive symptoms among the elderly. Of the symptoms evaluated, ambient air pollution was most strongly associated with emotional symptoms.</abstract><cop>Research Triangle Park, NC</cop><pub>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</pub><pmid>22514209</pmid><doi>10.1289/ehp.1104100</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adult and adolescent clinical studies Affective symptoms Aged Aged, 80 and over Air Air pollutants Air pollution Air Pollution - adverse effects Analytical estimating Biological and medical sciences Body mass index Depression Depression, Mental Depressive Disorder - epidemiology Depressive Disorder - etiology Depressive disorders Emergency departments Environment. Living conditions Environmental aspects Environmental pollutants toxicology Female Health aspects Humans Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Mood disorders Nitrogen Dioxide - toxicity Older adults Oxidative stress Ozone - toxicity Particulate Matter - toxicity Physiological aspects Psychological aspects Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Symptoms Toxicology |
title | Air Pollution and Symptoms of Depression in Elderly Adults |
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