Absence of Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (Zingiberaceae) Extract
The present study evaluated the potential genotoxicity of the ethanol extracts from the rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (EEZZR) using a standard battery of tests. Chemical analysis with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that EEZZR contained Zerumbone (200.3±0.37 μg/g) a...
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| creator | Chang, Yuan-Shiun Liou, Shorong-Shii Tzeng, Thing-Fong Chang, Chia Ju Liu, I-Min |
| description | The present study evaluated the potential genotoxicity of the ethanol extracts from the rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (EEZZR) using a standard battery of tests. Chemical analysis with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that EEZZR contained Zerumbone (200.3±0.37 μg/g) and 6-gingerol (102.5±0.28 μg/g). There were no increases in the number of revertant colonies with EEZZR at concentrations of 150–5000 μg per plate, regardless of the metabolic activation system (S-9 mix) used in the histidine-dependent auxotrophic mutants of Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA1535) compared to the vehicle control. Furthermore, EEZZR at doses of 150–5000 μg mL−1 did not increase the number of structural aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells in the presence or absence of S-9 mix. An oral administration of EEZZR to ICR mice, with doses of up to 2000 mg/kg, caused no significant increases in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) and mean ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes. Lastly, RZZEE did not increase the incidence of MNPCEs in bone marrow. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that the use of EEZZR in traditional medicine poses no risk of genotoxicity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2012/406296 |
| format | Article |
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Smith (Zingiberaceae) Extract</title><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Chang, Yuan-Shiun ; Liou, Shorong-Shii ; Tzeng, Thing-Fong ; Chang, Chia Ju ; Liu, I-Min</creator><contributor>Vilegas, Wagner ; Wagner Vilegas</contributor><creatorcontrib>Chang, Yuan-Shiun ; Liou, Shorong-Shii ; Tzeng, Thing-Fong ; Chang, Chia Ju ; Liu, I-Min ; Vilegas, Wagner ; Wagner Vilegas</creatorcontrib><description>The present study evaluated the potential genotoxicity of the ethanol extracts from the rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (EEZZR) using a standard battery of tests. Chemical analysis with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that EEZZR contained Zerumbone (200.3±0.37 μg/g) and 6-gingerol (102.5±0.28 μg/g). There were no increases in the number of revertant colonies with EEZZR at concentrations of 150–5000 μg per plate, regardless of the metabolic activation system (S-9 mix) used in the histidine-dependent auxotrophic mutants of Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA1535) compared to the vehicle control. Furthermore, EEZZR at doses of 150–5000 μg mL−1 did not increase the number of structural aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells in the presence or absence of S-9 mix. An oral administration of EEZZR to ICR mice, with doses of up to 2000 mg/kg, caused no significant increases in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) and mean ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes. Lastly, RZZEE did not increase the incidence of MNPCEs in bone marrow. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that the use of EEZZR in traditional medicine poses no risk of genotoxicity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1741-427X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1741-4288</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-4288</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2012/406296</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22844331</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Bone marrow ; Cancer ; Chemical analysis ; Chromatography ; Erythrocytes ; Ethanol ; Genotoxicity ; Gingerol ; Herbal medicine ; Histidine ; Liquid chromatography ; Lungs ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Medical research ; Metabolic activation ; Metabolic rate ; Mutants ; Mutation ; Oral administration ; Plates (structural members) ; Rodents ; Salmonella ; Salmonella Typhimurium ; Toxicology ; Zerumbone ; Zingiber zerumbet ; Zingiberaceae</subject><ispartof>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2012, Vol.2012 (2012), p.1-7</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2012 Chia Ju Chang et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 Chia Ju Chang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 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Smith (Zingiberaceae) Extract</title><title>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</title><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><description>The present study evaluated the potential genotoxicity of the ethanol extracts from the rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (EEZZR) using a standard battery of tests. Chemical analysis with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that EEZZR contained Zerumbone (200.3±0.37 μg/g) and 6-gingerol (102.5±0.28 μg/g). There were no increases in the number of revertant colonies with EEZZR at concentrations of 150–5000 μg per plate, regardless of the metabolic activation system (S-9 mix) used in the histidine-dependent auxotrophic mutants of Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA1535) compared to the vehicle control. Furthermore, EEZZR at doses of 150–5000 μg mL−1 did not increase the number of structural aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells in the presence or absence of S-9 mix. An oral administration of EEZZR to ICR mice, with doses of up to 2000 mg/kg, caused no significant increases in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) and mean ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes. Lastly, RZZEE did not increase the incidence of MNPCEs in bone marrow. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that the use of EEZZR in traditional medicine poses no risk of genotoxicity.</description><subject>Bone marrow</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Chemical analysis</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Erythrocytes</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Genotoxicity</subject><subject>Gingerol</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>Histidine</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Lungs</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Metabolic activation</subject><subject>Metabolic rate</subject><subject>Mutants</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Oral administration</subject><subject>Plates (structural members)</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Salmonella</subject><subject>Salmonella Typhimurium</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Zerumbone</subject><subject>Zingiber zerumbet</subject><subject>Zingiberaceae</subject><issn>1741-427X</issn><issn>1741-4288</issn><issn>1741-4288</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0c9rFDEUB_Agiv3lybMS8LJVts2vSTKXQilrFVZ6UEG8hCTzZjdlJ1Mnmbb615tl2kW9eMoL78PLC1-EXlJyQmlVnTJC2akgktXyCdqnStC5YFo_3dXq2x46SOmaEFYrpZ6jPca0EJzTfeTOXYLoAfctvoTY5_4-eGxjgz-N2a4gltuibcHntCXfQ1wFBwP-BcPYOch4tjw5xp-7kNd49ti1Hiwc48V9LmU-Qs9au0nw4uE8RF_fL75cfJgvry4_Xpwv554LkeeqkYzJVmirdSu4JrJlylmQhEvWCN44XhGmLUDTQKWo9U46wWsmqdOVUPwQnU1zb0bXQeMhluc35mYInR1-mt4G83cnhrVZ9beGC8IVoWXA7GHA0P8YIWXTheRhs7ER-jEZSrhQdUV1Veibf-h1Pw6xfM8wIommJRRR1LtJ-aFPaYB2twwlZpud2WZnpuyKfv3n_jv7GFYBbyewDrGxd-E_015NGAqB1u5wXTNWMf4blMSpVw</recordid><startdate>2012</startdate><enddate>2012</enddate><creator>Chang, Yuan-Shiun</creator><creator>Liou, Shorong-Shii</creator><creator>Tzeng, Thing-Fong</creator><creator>Chang, Chia Ju</creator><creator>Liu, I-Min</creator><general>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>ADJCN</scope><scope>AHFXO</scope><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2012</creationdate><title>Absence of Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) 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Smith (Zingiberaceae) Extract</atitle><jtitle>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><date>2012</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>2012</volume><issue>2012</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>7</epage><pages>1-7</pages><issn>1741-427X</issn><issn>1741-4288</issn><eissn>1741-4288</eissn><abstract>The present study evaluated the potential genotoxicity of the ethanol extracts from the rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (EEZZR) using a standard battery of tests. Chemical analysis with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that EEZZR contained Zerumbone (200.3±0.37 μg/g) and 6-gingerol (102.5±0.28 μg/g). There were no increases in the number of revertant colonies with EEZZR at concentrations of 150–5000 μg per plate, regardless of the metabolic activation system (S-9 mix) used in the histidine-dependent auxotrophic mutants of Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA1535) compared to the vehicle control. Furthermore, EEZZR at doses of 150–5000 μg mL−1 did not increase the number of structural aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells in the presence or absence of S-9 mix. An oral administration of EEZZR to ICR mice, with doses of up to 2000 mg/kg, caused no significant increases in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) and mean ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes. Lastly, RZZEE did not increase the incidence of MNPCEs in bone marrow. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that the use of EEZZR in traditional medicine poses no risk of genotoxicity.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</pub><pmid>22844331</pmid><doi>10.1155/2012/406296</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bone marrow Cancer Chemical analysis Chromatography Erythrocytes Ethanol Genotoxicity Gingerol Herbal medicine Histidine Liquid chromatography Lungs Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Medical research Metabolic activation Metabolic rate Mutants Mutation Oral administration Plates (structural members) Rodents Salmonella Salmonella Typhimurium Toxicology Zerumbone Zingiber zerumbet Zingiberaceae |
| title | Absence of Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (Zingiberaceae) Extract |
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