Simulated climate change conditions unveil the toxic potential of the fungicide pyrimethanil on the midge Chironomus riparius: a multigeneration experiment

Although it has been suggested that temperature increase may alter the toxic potential of environmental pollutants, few studies have investigated the potential risk of chemical stressors for wildlife under Global Climate Change (GCC) impact. We applied a bifactorial multigeneration study in order to...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ecology and evolution 2012-01, Vol.2 (1), p.196-210
Hauptverfasser: Müller, Ruth, Seeland, Anne, Jagodzinski, Lucas S., Diogo, Joao B., Nowak, Carsten, Oehlmann, Jörg
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container_issue 1
container_start_page 196
container_title Ecology and evolution
container_volume 2
creator Müller, Ruth
Seeland, Anne
Jagodzinski, Lucas S.
Diogo, Joao B.
Nowak, Carsten
Oehlmann, Jörg
description Although it has been suggested that temperature increase may alter the toxic potential of environmental pollutants, few studies have investigated the potential risk of chemical stressors for wildlife under Global Climate Change (GCC) impact. We applied a bifactorial multigeneration study in order to test if GCC conditions alter the effects of low pesticide concentrations on life history and genetic diversity of the aquatic model organism Chironomus riparius. Experimental populations of the species were chronically exposed to a low concentration of the fungicide pyrimethanil (half of the no‐observed‐adverse‐effect concentration: NOAEC/2) under two dynamic present‐day temperature simulations (11.0–22.7°C; 14.0–25.2°C) and one future scenario (16.5–28.1°C). During the 140‐day multigeneration study, survival, emergence, reproduction, population growth, and genetic diversity of C. riparius were analyzed. Our results reveal that high temperature and pyrimethanil act synergistically on the midge C. riparius. In simulated present‐day scenarios, a NOAEC/2 of pyrimethanil as derived from a life‐cycle toxicity test provoked only slight‐to‐moderate beneficial or adverse effects on C. riparius. In contrast, exposure to a NOAEC/2 concentration of pyrimethanil at a thermal situation likely for a summer under GCC conditions uncovered adverse effects on mortality and population growth rate. In addition, genetic diversity was considerably reduced by pyrimethanil in the future scenario, but only slightly under current climatic conditions. Our multigeneration study under near‐natural (climatic) conditions indicates that not only the impact of climate change, but also low concentrations of pesticides may pose a reasonable risk for aquatic insects in future. Although it has been suggested that temperature increase may alter the toxic potential of environmental pollutants, few studies have investigated the potential risk of chemical stressors for wildlife under Global Climate Change (GCC) impact. We applied a bifactorial multigeneration study in order to test if GCC conditions alter the effects of low pesticide concentrations on life history and genetic diversity of the aquatic model organism Chironomus riparius.
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subjects Aquatic insects
Cadmium
Chemicals
Chironomus riparius
Climate change
Climatic conditions
Dynamic temperature
Environmental impact
Fungicides
Genetic diversity
Global climate
High temperature
Hormesis
Insects
Lakes
Life history
Low concentrations
low‐dose effects
multiple stressors
near‐natural
NOAEC
Original Research
Pesticides
Population genetics
Population growth
Population studies
Risk assessment
Sediments
Side effects
Temperature
Toxicity
Toxicity testing
Toxicology
Wildlife
title Simulated climate change conditions unveil the toxic potential of the fungicide pyrimethanil on the midge Chironomus riparius: a multigeneration experiment
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