Phagocytic cell activity and periodontitis in Down syndrome
Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 346–352 Background: This study investigated the phagocytic function of peripheral granulocytes and monocytes from adult individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and assessed the relation between phagocytic function and periodontal status. Methods: Fifty‐five DS individuals (18–...
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| description | Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 346–352
Background: This study investigated the phagocytic function of peripheral granulocytes and monocytes from adult individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and assessed the relation between phagocytic function and periodontal status.
Methods: Fifty‐five DS individuals (18–56 years old), 74 mentally retarded individuals, and 88 medically healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. Gingival inflammation index, plaque index, probing depth, periodontal attachment level (AL), and bleeding on probing were taken for each subject. Whole blood was collected for granulocyte/monocyte phagocytosis tests. Phagocytic function was determined by flow cytometry in terms of percentage of cells actively involved in phagocytosis, and phagocytic intensity (magnitude of the bacterial staining per cell).
Results: Phagocytic intensity of both granulocytes and monocytes was comparable in HC and DS subjects. While AL was directly related to phagocytic intensity of both granulocytes (r = 0.14, P = 0.03) and monocytes (r = 0.2, P = 0.003) in all subjects, this relationship was stronger in DS than in other subjects, even after controlling for known risk factors for periodontitis (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01877.x |
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Background: This study investigated the phagocytic function of peripheral granulocytes and monocytes from adult individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and assessed the relation between phagocytic function and periodontal status.
Methods: Fifty‐five DS individuals (18–56 years old), 74 mentally retarded individuals, and 88 medically healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. Gingival inflammation index, plaque index, probing depth, periodontal attachment level (AL), and bleeding on probing were taken for each subject. Whole blood was collected for granulocyte/monocyte phagocytosis tests. Phagocytic function was determined by flow cytometry in terms of percentage of cells actively involved in phagocytosis, and phagocytic intensity (magnitude of the bacterial staining per cell).
Results: Phagocytic intensity of both granulocytes and monocytes was comparable in HC and DS subjects. While AL was directly related to phagocytic intensity of both granulocytes (r = 0.14, P = 0.03) and monocytes (r = 0.2, P = 0.003) in all subjects, this relationship was stronger in DS than in other subjects, even after controlling for known risk factors for periodontitis (P < 0.05). Monocyte phagocytic intensity was the only necessary predictor of AL (P = 0.003), indicating a similar relationship between AL and phagocytic activity in either cell type.
Conclusions: While granulocyte and monocyte phagocytic intensities are similar in Down and non‐DS individuals, phagocytic intensity was associated with more AL in DS than non‐DS individuals.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1354-523X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1601-0825</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01877.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22126098</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Bleeding ; Blood ; Dental Plaque Index ; Dentistry ; Down syndrome ; Down Syndrome - pathology ; Down's syndrome ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Gingiva ; Gingival Hemorrhage - classification ; Gingival Hemorrhage - pathology ; Gingivitis - classification ; Gingivitis - pathology ; granulocytes ; Granulocytes - physiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intellectual Disability - pathology ; Leukocytes (granulocytic) ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes ; Monocytes - physiology ; Periodontal Attachment Loss - classification ; Periodontal Attachment Loss - pathology ; Periodontal Index ; Periodontal Pocket - classification ; Periodontal Pocket - pathology ; Periodontitis ; Periodontitis - pathology ; Phagocytes ; Phagocytosis ; Phagocytosis - physiology ; Plaque index ; Risk factors ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Oral diseases, 2012-05, Vol.18 (4), p.346-352</ispartof><rights>2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S</rights><rights>2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5727-64fe9e5aa0d4a36f16987f8dc8fe762ee7321c658ab808e9f626e4c65e394a983</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5727-64fe9e5aa0d4a36f16987f8dc8fe762ee7321c658ab808e9f626e4c65e394a983</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1601-0825.2011.01877.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1601-0825.2011.01877.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22126098$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Khocht, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Russell, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cannon, JG</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Janal, M</creatorcontrib><title>Phagocytic cell activity and periodontitis in Down syndrome</title><title>Oral diseases</title><addtitle>Oral Dis</addtitle><description>Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 346–352
Background: This study investigated the phagocytic function of peripheral granulocytes and monocytes from adult individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and assessed the relation between phagocytic function and periodontal status.
Methods: Fifty‐five DS individuals (18–56 years old), 74 mentally retarded individuals, and 88 medically healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. Gingival inflammation index, plaque index, probing depth, periodontal attachment level (AL), and bleeding on probing were taken for each subject. Whole blood was collected for granulocyte/monocyte phagocytosis tests. Phagocytic function was determined by flow cytometry in terms of percentage of cells actively involved in phagocytosis, and phagocytic intensity (magnitude of the bacterial staining per cell).
Results: Phagocytic intensity of both granulocytes and monocytes was comparable in HC and DS subjects. While AL was directly related to phagocytic intensity of both granulocytes (r = 0.14, P = 0.03) and monocytes (r = 0.2, P = 0.003) in all subjects, this relationship was stronger in DS than in other subjects, even after controlling for known risk factors for periodontitis (P < 0.05). Monocyte phagocytic intensity was the only necessary predictor of AL (P = 0.003), indicating a similar relationship between AL and phagocytic activity in either cell type.
Conclusions: While granulocyte and monocyte phagocytic intensities are similar in Down and non‐DS individuals, phagocytic intensity was associated with more AL in DS than non‐DS individuals.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Bleeding</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Dental Plaque Index</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Down syndrome</subject><subject>Down Syndrome - pathology</subject><subject>Down's syndrome</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Flow Cytometry</subject><subject>Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate</subject><subject>Fluorescent Dyes</subject><subject>Gingiva</subject><subject>Gingival Hemorrhage - classification</subject><subject>Gingival Hemorrhage - pathology</subject><subject>Gingivitis - classification</subject><subject>Gingivitis - pathology</subject><subject>granulocytes</subject><subject>Granulocytes - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Intellectual Disability - pathology</subject><subject>Leukocytes (granulocytic)</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Monocytes</subject><subject>Monocytes - physiology</subject><subject>Periodontal Attachment Loss - classification</subject><subject>Periodontal Attachment Loss - pathology</subject><subject>Periodontal Index</subject><subject>Periodontal Pocket - classification</subject><subject>Periodontal Pocket - pathology</subject><subject>Periodontitis</subject><subject>Periodontitis - pathology</subject><subject>Phagocytes</subject><subject>Phagocytosis</subject><subject>Phagocytosis - physiology</subject><subject>Plaque index</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1354-523X</issn><issn>1601-0825</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkVtv1DAQhSMEoqXwF1AkHuAlwfeLEJXQLrSVKooQCN5GbjJpvezGi51tN_8ehy0r4AHhF4883zma8SmKkpKa5vNyUVNFaEUMkzUjlNaEGq3r7b3icN-4n2suRSUZ_3pQPEppQQjVlrOHxQFjlClizWHx6sO1uwrNOPimbHC5LF0z-Bs_jKXr23KN0Yc29IMffCp9X87DbV-msW9jWOHj4kHnlgmf3N1Hxed3bz_NTqvzi5Oz2ZvzqpGa6UqJDi1K50grHFcdVdbozrSN6VArhqg5o42Sxl0aYtB2iikU-QG5Fc4aflQc73zXm8sVtg32Q3RLWEe_cnGE4Dz82en9NVyFG-DMMsVsNnh-ZxDD9w2mAVY-Tdu6HsMmgZV5AkKtyuSLf5KUMGKE0Ipk9Nlf6CJsYp8_AqgUkirBOMuU2VFNDClF7PZjUwJTlrCAKTKYIoMpS_iZJWyz9Onva--Fv8LLwOsdcOuXOP63MVzMz6Yq66ud3qcBt3u9i99Aaa4lfHl_AvLjnNPTmYAZ_wF_srus</recordid><startdate>201205</startdate><enddate>201205</enddate><creator>Khocht, A</creator><creator>Russell, B</creator><creator>Cannon, JG</creator><creator>Turner, B</creator><creator>Janal, M</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201205</creationdate><title>Phagocytic cell activity and periodontitis in Down syndrome</title><author>Khocht, A ; Russell, B ; Cannon, JG ; Turner, B ; Janal, M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5727-64fe9e5aa0d4a36f16987f8dc8fe762ee7321c658ab808e9f626e4c65e394a983</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Bleeding</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Dental Plaque Index</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>Down syndrome</topic><topic>Down Syndrome - pathology</topic><topic>Down's syndrome</topic><topic>Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Flow Cytometry</topic><topic>Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate</topic><topic>Fluorescent Dyes</topic><topic>Gingiva</topic><topic>Gingival Hemorrhage - classification</topic><topic>Gingival Hemorrhage - pathology</topic><topic>Gingivitis - classification</topic><topic>Gingivitis - pathology</topic><topic>granulocytes</topic><topic>Granulocytes - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Intellectual Disability - pathology</topic><topic>Leukocytes (granulocytic)</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Monocytes</topic><topic>Monocytes - physiology</topic><topic>Periodontal Attachment Loss - classification</topic><topic>Periodontal Attachment Loss - pathology</topic><topic>Periodontal Index</topic><topic>Periodontal Pocket - classification</topic><topic>Periodontal Pocket - pathology</topic><topic>Periodontitis</topic><topic>Periodontitis - pathology</topic><topic>Phagocytes</topic><topic>Phagocytosis</topic><topic>Phagocytosis - physiology</topic><topic>Plaque index</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Khocht, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Russell, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cannon, JG</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Janal, M</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Oral diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Khocht, A</au><au>Russell, B</au><au>Cannon, JG</au><au>Turner, B</au><au>Janal, M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Phagocytic cell activity and periodontitis in Down syndrome</atitle><jtitle>Oral diseases</jtitle><addtitle>Oral Dis</addtitle><date>2012-05</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>346</spage><epage>352</epage><pages>346-352</pages><issn>1354-523X</issn><eissn>1601-0825</eissn><abstract>Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 346–352
Background: This study investigated the phagocytic function of peripheral granulocytes and monocytes from adult individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and assessed the relation between phagocytic function and periodontal status.
Methods: Fifty‐five DS individuals (18–56 years old), 74 mentally retarded individuals, and 88 medically healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. Gingival inflammation index, plaque index, probing depth, periodontal attachment level (AL), and bleeding on probing were taken for each subject. Whole blood was collected for granulocyte/monocyte phagocytosis tests. Phagocytic function was determined by flow cytometry in terms of percentage of cells actively involved in phagocytosis, and phagocytic intensity (magnitude of the bacterial staining per cell).
Results: Phagocytic intensity of both granulocytes and monocytes was comparable in HC and DS subjects. While AL was directly related to phagocytic intensity of both granulocytes (r = 0.14, P = 0.03) and monocytes (r = 0.2, P = 0.003) in all subjects, this relationship was stronger in DS than in other subjects, even after controlling for known risk factors for periodontitis (P < 0.05). Monocyte phagocytic intensity was the only necessary predictor of AL (P = 0.003), indicating a similar relationship between AL and phagocytic activity in either cell type.
Conclusions: While granulocyte and monocyte phagocytic intensities are similar in Down and non‐DS individuals, phagocytic intensity was associated with more AL in DS than non‐DS individuals.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>22126098</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01877.x</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Bleeding Blood Dental Plaque Index Dentistry Down syndrome Down Syndrome - pathology Down's syndrome Escherichia coli Female Flow Cytometry Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescent Dyes Gingiva Gingival Hemorrhage - classification Gingival Hemorrhage - pathology Gingivitis - classification Gingivitis - pathology granulocytes Granulocytes - physiology Humans Inflammation Intellectual Disability - pathology Leukocytes (granulocytic) Male Middle Aged Monocytes Monocytes - physiology Periodontal Attachment Loss - classification Periodontal Attachment Loss - pathology Periodontal Index Periodontal Pocket - classification Periodontal Pocket - pathology Periodontitis Periodontitis - pathology Phagocytes Phagocytosis Phagocytosis - physiology Plaque index Risk factors Young Adult |
| title | Phagocytic cell activity and periodontitis in Down syndrome |
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