Severe neuromuscular denervation of clinically relevant muscles in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a motoneuron disease caused by a deficiency of the survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein, is characterized by motoneuron loss and muscle weakness. It remains unclear whether widespread loss of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is involved in SMA pathogenesis. We undertoo...

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Veröffentlicht in:Human molecular genetics 2012-01, Vol.21 (1), p.185-195
Hauptverfasser: Ling, Karen K. Y., Gibbs, Rebecca M., Feng, Zhihua, Ko, Chien-Ping
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container_title Human molecular genetics
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creator Ling, Karen K. Y.
Gibbs, Rebecca M.
Feng, Zhihua
Ko, Chien-Ping
description Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a motoneuron disease caused by a deficiency of the survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein, is characterized by motoneuron loss and muscle weakness. It remains unclear whether widespread loss of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is involved in SMA pathogenesis. We undertook a systematic examination of NMJ innervation patterns in >20 muscles in the SMNΔ7 SMA mouse model. We found that severe denervation (
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Y. ; Gibbs, Rebecca M. ; Feng, Zhihua ; Ko, Chien-Ping</creator><creatorcontrib>Ling, Karen K. Y. ; Gibbs, Rebecca M. ; Feng, Zhihua ; Ko, Chien-Ping</creatorcontrib><description>Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a motoneuron disease caused by a deficiency of the survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein, is characterized by motoneuron loss and muscle weakness. It remains unclear whether widespread loss of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is involved in SMA pathogenesis. We undertook a systematic examination of NMJ innervation patterns in &gt;20 muscles in the SMNΔ7 SMA mouse model. We found that severe denervation (&lt;50% fully innervated endplates) occurs selectively in many vulnerable axial muscles and several appendicular muscles at the disease end stage. Since these vulnerable muscles were located throughout the body and were comprised of varying muscle fiber types, it is unlikely that muscle location or fiber type determines susceptibility to denervation. Furthermore, we found a similar extent of neurofilament accumulation at NMJs in both vulnerable and resistant muscles before the onset of denervation, suggesting that neurofilament accumulation does not predict subsequent NMJ denervation. Since vulnerable muscles were initially innervated, but later denervated, loss of innervation in SMA may be attributed to defects in synapse maintenance. Finally, we found that denervation was amendable by trichostatin A (TSA) treatment, which increased innervation in clinically relevant muscles in TSA-treated SMNΔ7 mice. Our findings suggest that neuromuscular denervation in vulnerable muscles is a widespread pathology in SMA, and can serve as a preparation for elucidating the biological basis of synapse loss, and for evaluating therapeutic efficacy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0964-6906</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-2083</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr453</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21968514</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Animal models ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cell survival ; Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases ; Denervation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution ; Innervation ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular and cellular biology ; Motor neurons ; Muscle Denervation ; Muscle, Skeletal - innervation ; Muscle, Skeletal - pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal - surgery ; Muscles ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - metabolism ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - pathology ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - surgery ; Nerve Degeneration ; Neurofilaments ; Neurology ; Neuromuscular Junction - metabolism ; Neuromuscular Junction - surgery ; Neuromuscular junctions ; SMN protein ; spinal muscular atrophy ; Synapses ; Synapses - metabolism ; Synapses - pathology ; Trichostatin A</subject><ispartof>Human molecular genetics, 2012-01, Vol.21 (1), p.185-195</ispartof><rights>The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 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Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibbs, Rebecca M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Zhihua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ko, Chien-Ping</creatorcontrib><title>Severe neuromuscular denervation of clinically relevant muscles in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy</title><title>Human molecular genetics</title><addtitle>Hum Mol Genet</addtitle><description>Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a motoneuron disease caused by a deficiency of the survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein, is characterized by motoneuron loss and muscle weakness. It remains unclear whether widespread loss of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is involved in SMA pathogenesis. We undertook a systematic examination of NMJ innervation patterns in &gt;20 muscles in the SMNΔ7 SMA mouse model. We found that severe denervation (&lt;50% fully innervated endplates) occurs selectively in many vulnerable axial muscles and several appendicular muscles at the disease end stage. Since these vulnerable muscles were located throughout the body and were comprised of varying muscle fiber types, it is unlikely that muscle location or fiber type determines susceptibility to denervation. Furthermore, we found a similar extent of neurofilament accumulation at NMJs in both vulnerable and resistant muscles before the onset of denervation, suggesting that neurofilament accumulation does not predict subsequent NMJ denervation. Since vulnerable muscles were initially innervated, but later denervated, loss of innervation in SMA may be attributed to defects in synapse maintenance. Finally, we found that denervation was amendable by trichostatin A (TSA) treatment, which increased innervation in clinically relevant muscles in TSA-treated SMNΔ7 mice. Our findings suggest that neuromuscular denervation in vulnerable muscles is a widespread pathology in SMA, and can serve as a preparation for elucidating the biological basis of synapse loss, and for evaluating therapeutic efficacy.</description><subject>Animal models</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell survival</subject><subject>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</subject><subject>Denervation</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution</subject><subject>Innervation</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Knockout</subject><subject>Mice, Transgenic</subject><subject>Molecular and cellular biology</subject><subject>Motor neurons</subject><subject>Muscle Denervation</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - innervation</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - pathology</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - surgery</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - metabolism</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - pathology</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - surgery</subject><subject>Nerve Degeneration</subject><subject>Neurofilaments</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neuromuscular Junction - metabolism</subject><subject>Neuromuscular Junction - surgery</subject><subject>Neuromuscular junctions</subject><subject>SMN protein</subject><subject>spinal muscular atrophy</subject><subject>Synapses</subject><subject>Synapses - metabolism</subject><subject>Synapses - pathology</subject><subject>Trichostatin A</subject><issn>0964-6906</issn><issn>1460-2083</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U2L1DAYB_AgijuuXvwAkosIQt2keWsuwrL4Bgse1HNIk6c70TSpSTsw394OM87qRS_JIT_-yZM_Qs8peUOJZlfb8e7K-8IFe4A2lEvStKRjD9GGaMkbqYm8QE9q_U4IlZypx-iipVp2gvIN-vEFdlAAJ1hKHpfqlmgL9pCg7OwccsJ5wC6GFJyNcY8LRNjZNOODjVBxSNjiMS8V1tVDPPg6hWQjPsfZueRpu3-KHg02Vnh22i_Rt_fvvt58bG4_f_h0c33bOKHk3DjmBq50q2wPg2LCt0oyL7zsW9YOwvWEU91z50XHqey5V0J3vneeSS2pIuwSvT3mTks_gneQ5mKjmUoYbdmbbIP5-ySFrbnLO8NaJghla8CrU0DJPxeosxlDdRCjTbBOavT6v4QT2f1fUqpZq7qDfH2UruRaCwzn91BiDjWatUZzrHHFL_6c4Ex_97aClydg61rMUGxyod47IXinCbl3eZn-deEvAP-13w</recordid><startdate>20120101</startdate><enddate>20120101</enddate><creator>Ling, Karen K. 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Y. ; Gibbs, Rebecca M. ; Feng, Zhihua ; Ko, Chien-Ping</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c576t-c3cf47927abef735d2763d5d6b232f5cb0419b4cd58416b4d7598dbcd36961703</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Animal models</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cell survival</topic><topic>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</topic><topic>Denervation</topic><topic>Disease Models, Animal</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Genetics of eukaryotes. 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Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibbs, Rebecca M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Zhihua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ko, Chien-Ping</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Human molecular genetics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ling, Karen K. Y.</au><au>Gibbs, Rebecca M.</au><au>Feng, Zhihua</au><au>Ko, Chien-Ping</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Severe neuromuscular denervation of clinically relevant muscles in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy</atitle><jtitle>Human molecular genetics</jtitle><addtitle>Hum Mol Genet</addtitle><date>2012-01-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>185</spage><epage>195</epage><pages>185-195</pages><issn>0964-6906</issn><eissn>1460-2083</eissn><abstract>Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a motoneuron disease caused by a deficiency of the survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein, is characterized by motoneuron loss and muscle weakness. It remains unclear whether widespread loss of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is involved in SMA pathogenesis. We undertook a systematic examination of NMJ innervation patterns in &gt;20 muscles in the SMNΔ7 SMA mouse model. We found that severe denervation (&lt;50% fully innervated endplates) occurs selectively in many vulnerable axial muscles and several appendicular muscles at the disease end stage. Since these vulnerable muscles were located throughout the body and were comprised of varying muscle fiber types, it is unlikely that muscle location or fiber type determines susceptibility to denervation. Furthermore, we found a similar extent of neurofilament accumulation at NMJs in both vulnerable and resistant muscles before the onset of denervation, suggesting that neurofilament accumulation does not predict subsequent NMJ denervation. Since vulnerable muscles were initially innervated, but later denervated, loss of innervation in SMA may be attributed to defects in synapse maintenance. Finally, we found that denervation was amendable by trichostatin A (TSA) treatment, which increased innervation in clinically relevant muscles in TSA-treated SMNΔ7 mice. Our findings suggest that neuromuscular denervation in vulnerable muscles is a widespread pathology in SMA, and can serve as a preparation for elucidating the biological basis of synapse loss, and for evaluating therapeutic efficacy.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>21968514</pmid><doi>10.1093/hmg/ddr453</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Animal models
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cell survival
Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases
Denervation
Disease Models, Animal
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
Innervation
Male
Medical sciences
Mice
Mice, Knockout
Mice, Transgenic
Molecular and cellular biology
Motor neurons
Muscle Denervation
Muscle, Skeletal - innervation
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Muscle, Skeletal - surgery
Muscles
Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - metabolism
Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - pathology
Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - surgery
Nerve Degeneration
Neurofilaments
Neurology
Neuromuscular Junction - metabolism
Neuromuscular Junction - surgery
Neuromuscular junctions
SMN protein
spinal muscular atrophy
Synapses
Synapses - metabolism
Synapses - pathology
Trichostatin A
title Severe neuromuscular denervation of clinically relevant muscles in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy
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