Translation initiation: a regulatory role for poly(A) tracts in front of the AUG codon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The 5'-UTR serves as the loading dock for ribosomes during translation initiation and is the key site for translation regulation. Many genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain poly(A) tracts in their 5'-UTRs. We studied these pre-AUG poly(A) tracts in a set of 3274 recently iden...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Genetics (Austin) 2011-10, Vol.189 (2), p.469-478 |
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| creator | Xia, Xuhua MacKay, Vivian Yao, Xiaoquan Wu, Jianhua Miura, Fumihito Ito, Takashi Morris, David R |
| description | The 5'-UTR serves as the loading dock for ribosomes during translation initiation and is the key site for translation regulation. Many genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain poly(A) tracts in their 5'-UTRs. We studied these pre-AUG poly(A) tracts in a set of 3274 recently identified 5'-UTRs in the yeast to characterize their effect on in vivo protein abundance, ribosomal density, and protein synthesis rate in the yeast. The protein abundance and the protein synthesis rate increase with the length of the poly(A), but exhibit a dramatic decrease when the poly(A) length is ≥12. The ribosomal density also reaches the lowest level when the poly(A) length is ≥12. This supports the hypothesis that a pre-AUG poly(A) tract can bind to translation initiation factors to enhance translation initiation, but a long (≥12) pre-AUG poly(A) tract will bind to Pab1p, whose binding size is 12 consecutive A residues in yeast, resulting in repression of translation. The hypothesis explains why a long pre-AUG poly(A) leads to more efficient translation initiation than a short one when PABP is absent, and why pre-AUG poly(A) is short in the early genes but long in the late genes of vaccinia virus. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1534/genetics.111.132068 |
| format | Article |
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Many genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain poly(A) tracts in their 5'-UTRs. We studied these pre-AUG poly(A) tracts in a set of 3274 recently identified 5'-UTRs in the yeast to characterize their effect on in vivo protein abundance, ribosomal density, and protein synthesis rate in the yeast. The protein abundance and the protein synthesis rate increase with the length of the poly(A), but exhibit a dramatic decrease when the poly(A) length is ≥12. The ribosomal density also reaches the lowest level when the poly(A) length is ≥12. This supports the hypothesis that a pre-AUG poly(A) tract can bind to translation initiation factors to enhance translation initiation, but a long (≥12) pre-AUG poly(A) tract will bind to Pab1p, whose binding size is 12 consecutive A residues in yeast, resulting in repression of translation. The hypothesis explains why a long pre-AUG poly(A) leads to more efficient translation initiation than a short one when PABP is absent, and why pre-AUG poly(A) is short in the early genes but long in the late genes of vaccinia virus.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1943-2631</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0016-6731</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-2631</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1534/genetics.111.132068</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21840854</identifier><identifier>CODEN: GENTAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Genetics Society of America</publisher><subject>5' Untranslated Regions - genetics ; Base Sequence ; Binding sites ; Binding Sites - genetics ; Codon - genetics ; Efficiency ; Frequency distribution ; Gene expression ; Genetics ; Genomes ; Infections ; Investigations ; Peptide Initiation Factors - genetics ; Peptide Initiation Factors - metabolism ; Poly A - genetics ; Poly A - metabolism ; Poly(A)-Binding Proteins - genetics ; Poly(A)-Binding Proteins - metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Biosynthesis - genetics ; Protein synthesis ; Proteins ; Ribosomes - genetics ; Ribosomes - metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - metabolism ; Studies ; Viral infections</subject><ispartof>Genetics (Austin), 2011-10, Vol.189 (2), p.469-478</ispartof><rights>Copyright Genetics Society of America Oct 2011</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 by the Genetics Society of America 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-1f1d9e1a35560221360e208e3b278bc6e878576c1580e34c93308f6b086604e43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-1f1d9e1a35560221360e208e3b278bc6e878576c1580e34c93308f6b086604e43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21840854$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Xia, Xuhua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MacKay, Vivian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yao, Xiaoquan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Jianhua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miura, Fumihito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ito, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morris, David R</creatorcontrib><title>Translation initiation: a regulatory role for poly(A) tracts in front of the AUG codon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae</title><title>Genetics (Austin)</title><addtitle>Genetics</addtitle><description>The 5'-UTR serves as the loading dock for ribosomes during translation initiation and is the key site for translation regulation. Many genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain poly(A) tracts in their 5'-UTRs. We studied these pre-AUG poly(A) tracts in a set of 3274 recently identified 5'-UTRs in the yeast to characterize their effect on in vivo protein abundance, ribosomal density, and protein synthesis rate in the yeast. The protein abundance and the protein synthesis rate increase with the length of the poly(A), but exhibit a dramatic decrease when the poly(A) length is ≥12. The ribosomal density also reaches the lowest level when the poly(A) length is ≥12. This supports the hypothesis that a pre-AUG poly(A) tract can bind to translation initiation factors to enhance translation initiation, but a long (≥12) pre-AUG poly(A) tract will bind to Pab1p, whose binding size is 12 consecutive A residues in yeast, resulting in repression of translation. The hypothesis explains why a long pre-AUG poly(A) leads to more efficient translation initiation than a short one when PABP is absent, and why pre-AUG poly(A) is short in the early genes but long in the late genes of vaccinia virus.</description><subject>5' Untranslated Regions - genetics</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Binding sites</subject><subject>Binding Sites - genetics</subject><subject>Codon - genetics</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Frequency distribution</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Peptide Initiation Factors - genetics</subject><subject>Peptide Initiation Factors - metabolism</subject><subject>Poly A - genetics</subject><subject>Poly A - metabolism</subject><subject>Poly(A)-Binding Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Poly(A)-Binding Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Protein Binding</subject><subject>Protein Biosynthesis - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Genetics (Austin)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Xia, Xuhua</au><au>MacKay, Vivian</au><au>Yao, Xiaoquan</au><au>Wu, Jianhua</au><au>Miura, Fumihito</au><au>Ito, Takashi</au><au>Morris, David R</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Translation initiation: a regulatory role for poly(A) tracts in front of the AUG codon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae</atitle><jtitle>Genetics (Austin)</jtitle><addtitle>Genetics</addtitle><date>2011-10</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>189</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>469</spage><epage>478</epage><pages>469-478</pages><issn>1943-2631</issn><issn>0016-6731</issn><eissn>1943-2631</eissn><coden>GENTAE</coden><abstract>The 5'-UTR serves as the loading dock for ribosomes during translation initiation and is the key site for translation regulation. Many genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain poly(A) tracts in their 5'-UTRs. We studied these pre-AUG poly(A) tracts in a set of 3274 recently identified 5'-UTRs in the yeast to characterize their effect on in vivo protein abundance, ribosomal density, and protein synthesis rate in the yeast. The protein abundance and the protein synthesis rate increase with the length of the poly(A), but exhibit a dramatic decrease when the poly(A) length is ≥12. The ribosomal density also reaches the lowest level when the poly(A) length is ≥12. This supports the hypothesis that a pre-AUG poly(A) tract can bind to translation initiation factors to enhance translation initiation, but a long (≥12) pre-AUG poly(A) tract will bind to Pab1p, whose binding size is 12 consecutive A residues in yeast, resulting in repression of translation. The hypothesis explains why a long pre-AUG poly(A) leads to more efficient translation initiation than a short one when PABP is absent, and why pre-AUG poly(A) is short in the early genes but long in the late genes of vaccinia virus.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Genetics Society of America</pub><pmid>21840854</pmid><doi>10.1534/genetics.111.132068</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | 5' Untranslated Regions - genetics Base Sequence Binding sites Binding Sites - genetics Codon - genetics Efficiency Frequency distribution Gene expression Genetics Genomes Infections Investigations Peptide Initiation Factors - genetics Peptide Initiation Factors - metabolism Poly A - genetics Poly A - metabolism Poly(A)-Binding Proteins - genetics Poly(A)-Binding Proteins - metabolism Protein Binding Protein Biosynthesis - genetics Protein synthesis Proteins Ribosomes - genetics Ribosomes - metabolism Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - genetics Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - metabolism Studies Viral infections |
| title | Translation initiation: a regulatory role for poly(A) tracts in front of the AUG codon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
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