Drosophila SNS, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is essential for myoblast fusion
The Drosophila sticks-and-stones (sns) locus was identified on the basis of its mutant phenotype, the complete absence of body wall muscles and corresponding presence of unfused myoblasts. The genetic location of the mutation responsible for this apparent defect in myoblast fusion was determined by...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Genes & development 2000-06, Vol.14 (12), p.1498-1511 |
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description | The Drosophila sticks-and-stones (sns) locus was identified on the basis of its mutant phenotype, the complete absence of body wall muscles and corresponding presence of unfused myoblasts. The genetic location of the mutation responsible for this apparent defect in myoblast fusion was determined by recombination and deficiency mapping, and the corresponding wild-type gene was isolated in a molecular walk. Identification of the SNS coding sequence revealed a putative member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) of cell adhesion molecules. As anticipated from this homology, SNS is enriched at the membrane and clusters at discrete sites, coincident with the occurrence of myoblast fusion. Both the sns transcript and the encoded protein are expressed in precursors of the somatic and visceral musculature of the embryo. Within the presumptive somatic musculature, SNS expression is restricted to the putative fusion-competent cells and is not detected in unfused founder cells. Thus, SNS represents the first known marker for this subgroup of myoblasts, and provides an opportunity to identify pathways specifying this cell type as well as transcriptional regulators of fusion-specific genes. To these ends, we demonstrate that the presence of SNS-expressing cells is absolutely dependent on Notch, and that expression of SNS does not require the myogenic regulatory protein MEF2. |
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The genetic location of the mutation responsible for this apparent defect in myoblast fusion was determined by recombination and deficiency mapping, and the corresponding wild-type gene was isolated in a molecular walk. Identification of the SNS coding sequence revealed a putative member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) of cell adhesion molecules. As anticipated from this homology, SNS is enriched at the membrane and clusters at discrete sites, coincident with the occurrence of myoblast fusion. Both the sns transcript and the encoded protein are expressed in precursors of the somatic and visceral musculature of the embryo. Within the presumptive somatic musculature, SNS expression is restricted to the putative fusion-competent cells and is not detected in unfused founder cells. Thus, SNS represents the first known marker for this subgroup of myoblasts, and provides an opportunity to identify pathways specifying this cell type as well as transcriptional regulators of fusion-specific genes. To these ends, we demonstrate that the presence of SNS-expressing cells is absolutely dependent on Notch, and that expression of SNS does not require the myogenic regulatory protein MEF2.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0890-9369</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1549-5477</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1101/gad.14.12.1498</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10859168</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press</publisher><subject>Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Adhesion - genetics ; Cell Membrane - metabolism ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism ; Drosophila ; Drosophila - embryology ; Drosophila - genetics ; Drosophila - immunology ; Drosophila Proteins ; Embryo, Nonmammalian - metabolism ; Genes, Reporter - genetics ; Immunoglobulins - biosynthesis ; Immunoglobulins - chemistry ; Immunoglobulins - genetics ; Immunoglobulins - physiology ; MEF2 Transcription Factors ; Membrane Proteins - genetics ; Membrane Proteins - metabolism ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - chemistry ; Muscles - embryology ; Mutation ; Myogenic Regulatory Factors ; Phenotype ; Receptors, Notch ; Research Paper ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; sns gene ; Time Factors ; Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Genes & development, 2000-06, Vol.14 (12), p.1498-1511</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2000, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2000</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-fb573abda5ecbec23081ad347ad62e1bca65b3b212917dd5434f54031bd30f4f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-fb573abda5ecbec23081ad347ad62e1bca65b3b212917dd5434f54031bd30f4f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC316690/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC316690/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10859168$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bour, B A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chakravarti, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, J M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abmayr, S M</creatorcontrib><title>Drosophila SNS, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is essential for myoblast fusion</title><title>Genes & development</title><addtitle>Genes Dev</addtitle><description>The Drosophila sticks-and-stones (sns) locus was identified on the basis of its mutant phenotype, the complete absence of body wall muscles and corresponding presence of unfused myoblasts. The genetic location of the mutation responsible for this apparent defect in myoblast fusion was determined by recombination and deficiency mapping, and the corresponding wild-type gene was isolated in a molecular walk. Identification of the SNS coding sequence revealed a putative member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) of cell adhesion molecules. As anticipated from this homology, SNS is enriched at the membrane and clusters at discrete sites, coincident with the occurrence of myoblast fusion. Both the sns transcript and the encoded protein are expressed in precursors of the somatic and visceral musculature of the embryo. Within the presumptive somatic musculature, SNS expression is restricted to the putative fusion-competent cells and is not detected in unfused founder cells. Thus, SNS represents the first known marker for this subgroup of myoblasts, and provides an opportunity to identify pathways specifying this cell type as well as transcriptional regulators of fusion-specific genes. To these ends, we demonstrate that the presence of SNS-expressing cells is absolutely dependent on Notch, and that expression of SNS does not require the myogenic regulatory protein MEF2.</description><subject>Alleles</subject><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Cell Adhesion - genetics</subject><subject>Cell Membrane - metabolism</subject><subject>Chromosome Mapping</subject><subject>DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Drosophila</subject><subject>Drosophila - embryology</subject><subject>Drosophila - genetics</subject><subject>Drosophila - immunology</subject><subject>Drosophila Proteins</subject><subject>Embryo, Nonmammalian - metabolism</subject><subject>Genes, Reporter - genetics</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins - chemistry</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins - genetics</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins - physiology</subject><subject>MEF2 Transcription Factors</subject><subject>Membrane Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Membrane Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Models, Genetic</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - chemistry</subject><subject>Muscles - embryology</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Myogenic Regulatory Factors</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Receptors, Notch</subject><subject>Research Paper</subject><subject>Sequence Homology, Amino Acid</subject><subject>sns gene</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><issn>0890-9369</issn><issn>1549-5477</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUT2P1DAQtRCI2ztoKZErKrJ44o8kBQU64EA6QXFQm3Fi7xrZ8WInSPvv8WpP6KhoZop5b-bNe4S8ALYFYPBmh9MWxBbaWof-EdmAFEMjRdc9JhvWD6wZuBouyGUpPxljiin1lFwA6-UAqt-QH-9zKumw9wHp3Ze71xRptNHYTJOjy95SH-M6p11IZg1-pmU92Oww-nCsY1yoL9SWYufFY6AuZRqPyQQsC3Vr8Wl-Rp44DMU-v-9X5PvHD9-uPzW3X28-X7-7bUYBammckR1HM6G0o7Fjy1kPOHHR4aRaC2ZEJQ03LbQDdNMkBRdOCsbBTJw54fgVeXvee1hNtNNYFWUM-pB9xHzUCb3-dzL7vd6l35qDUgOr_Ff3_Jx-rbYsOvoy2hBwtmktugOol2X7XyB0J5O5qMDtGThWi0u27q8YYPoUnq7haRAaWn0KrxJePnzhAfycFv8DrU2YZQ</recordid><startdate>20000615</startdate><enddate>20000615</enddate><creator>Bour, B A</creator><creator>Chakravarti, M</creator><creator>West, J M</creator><creator>Abmayr, S M</creator><general>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20000615</creationdate><title>Drosophila SNS, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is essential for myoblast fusion</title><author>Bour, B A ; Chakravarti, M ; West, J M ; Abmayr, S M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-fb573abda5ecbec23081ad347ad62e1bca65b3b212917dd5434f54031bd30f4f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Alleles</topic><topic>Amino Acid Sequence</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>Cell Adhesion - genetics</topic><topic>Cell Membrane - metabolism</topic><topic>Chromosome Mapping</topic><topic>DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Drosophila</topic><topic>Drosophila - embryology</topic><topic>Drosophila - genetics</topic><topic>Drosophila - immunology</topic><topic>Drosophila Proteins</topic><topic>Embryo, Nonmammalian - metabolism</topic><topic>Genes, Reporter - genetics</topic><topic>Immunoglobulins - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Immunoglobulins - chemistry</topic><topic>Immunoglobulins - genetics</topic><topic>Immunoglobulins - physiology</topic><topic>MEF2 Transcription Factors</topic><topic>Membrane Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Membrane Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Models, Genetic</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - chemistry</topic><topic>Muscles - embryology</topic><topic>Mutation</topic><topic>Myogenic Regulatory Factors</topic><topic>Phenotype</topic><topic>Receptors, Notch</topic><topic>Research Paper</topic><topic>Sequence Homology, Amino Acid</topic><topic>sns gene</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Transcription Factors - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bour, B A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chakravarti, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, J M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abmayr, S M</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Genes & development</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bour, B A</au><au>Chakravarti, M</au><au>West, J M</au><au>Abmayr, S M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Drosophila SNS, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is essential for myoblast fusion</atitle><jtitle>Genes & development</jtitle><addtitle>Genes Dev</addtitle><date>2000-06-15</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1498</spage><epage>1511</epage><pages>1498-1511</pages><issn>0890-9369</issn><eissn>1549-5477</eissn><abstract>The Drosophila sticks-and-stones (sns) locus was identified on the basis of its mutant phenotype, the complete absence of body wall muscles and corresponding presence of unfused myoblasts. The genetic location of the mutation responsible for this apparent defect in myoblast fusion was determined by recombination and deficiency mapping, and the corresponding wild-type gene was isolated in a molecular walk. Identification of the SNS coding sequence revealed a putative member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) of cell adhesion molecules. As anticipated from this homology, SNS is enriched at the membrane and clusters at discrete sites, coincident with the occurrence of myoblast fusion. Both the sns transcript and the encoded protein are expressed in precursors of the somatic and visceral musculature of the embryo. Within the presumptive somatic musculature, SNS expression is restricted to the putative fusion-competent cells and is not detected in unfused founder cells. Thus, SNS represents the first known marker for this subgroup of myoblasts, and provides an opportunity to identify pathways specifying this cell type as well as transcriptional regulators of fusion-specific genes. To these ends, we demonstrate that the presence of SNS-expressing cells is absolutely dependent on Notch, and that expression of SNS does not require the myogenic regulatory protein MEF2.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press</pub><pmid>10859168</pmid><doi>10.1101/gad.14.12.1498</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alleles Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Cell Adhesion - genetics Cell Membrane - metabolism Chromosome Mapping DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism Drosophila Drosophila - embryology Drosophila - genetics Drosophila - immunology Drosophila Proteins Embryo, Nonmammalian - metabolism Genes, Reporter - genetics Immunoglobulins - biosynthesis Immunoglobulins - chemistry Immunoglobulins - genetics Immunoglobulins - physiology MEF2 Transcription Factors Membrane Proteins - genetics Membrane Proteins - metabolism Models, Genetic Molecular Sequence Data Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - chemistry Muscles - embryology Mutation Myogenic Regulatory Factors Phenotype Receptors, Notch Research Paper Sequence Homology, Amino Acid sns gene Time Factors Transcription Factors - metabolism |
title | Drosophila SNS, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is essential for myoblast fusion |
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