Maternal smoking during pregnancy and kidney volume in the offspring: the Generation R Study
An adverse fetal environment leads to smaller kidneys, with fewer nephrons, which might predispose an individual to the development of kidney disease and hypertension in adult life. In a prospective cohort study among 1,072 children followed from early fetal life onward, we examined whether maternal...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West) West), 2011-08, Vol.26 (8), p.1275-1283 |
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| creator | Taal, H. Rob Geelhoed, J. J. Miranda Steegers, Eric A. P. Hofman, Albert Moll, Henriette A. Lequin, Maarten van der Heijden, Albert J. Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. |
| description | An adverse fetal environment leads to smaller kidneys, with fewer nephrons, which might predispose an individual to the development of kidney disease and hypertension in adult life. In a prospective cohort study among 1,072 children followed from early fetal life onward, we examined whether maternal smoking during pregnancy, as a significant adverse fetal exposure, is associated with fetal (third trimester of pregnancy,
n
= 1,031) and infant kidney volume (2 years of age,
n
= 538) measured by ultrasound. Analyses were adjusted for various potential confounders. Among mothers who continued smoking, we observed dose-dependent associations between the number of cigarettes smoked during pregnancy and kidney volume in fetal life. Smoking less than five cigarettes per day was associated with larger fetal combined kidney volume, while smoking more than ten cigarettes per day tended to be associated with smaller fetal combined kidney volume (
p
for trend: 0.002). This pattern was not significant for kidney volume at the age of 2 years. Our results suggest that smoking during pregnancy might affect kidney development in fetal life with a dose-dependent relationship. Further studies are needed to assess the underlying mechanisms and whether these differences in fetal kidney volume have postnatal consequences for kidney function and blood pressure. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00467-011-1848-3 |
| format | Article |
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n
= 1,031) and infant kidney volume (2 years of age,
n
= 538) measured by ultrasound. Analyses were adjusted for various potential confounders. Among mothers who continued smoking, we observed dose-dependent associations between the number of cigarettes smoked during pregnancy and kidney volume in fetal life. Smoking less than five cigarettes per day was associated with larger fetal combined kidney volume, while smoking more than ten cigarettes per day tended to be associated with smaller fetal combined kidney volume (
p
for trend: 0.002). This pattern was not significant for kidney volume at the age of 2 years. Our results suggest that smoking during pregnancy might affect kidney development in fetal life with a dose-dependent relationship. Further studies are needed to assess the underlying mechanisms and whether these differences in fetal kidney volume have postnatal consequences for kidney function and blood pressure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0931-041X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-198X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00467-011-1848-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21617916</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Birth weight ; Blood pressure ; Cigarettes ; Cohort analysis ; Cohort Studies ; Drug dosages ; Female ; Fetal Development - drug effects ; Gestational age ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypotheses ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney - abnormalities ; Kidney - diagnostic imaging ; Kidney diseases ; Male ; Medicine & Public Health ; Mothers ; Nephrology ; Original ; Original Article ; Pediatrics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant women ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - pathology ; Questionnaires ; Smoking ; Smoking - adverse effects ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Urology</subject><ispartof>Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West), 2011-08, Vol.26 (8), p.1275-1283</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2011</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Springer</rights><rights>IPNA 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c741t-480029ff3aed1b166230f179ba0e5ae75c3bec1575940864a535fdc8a7d7d4f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c741t-480029ff3aed1b166230f179ba0e5ae75c3bec1575940864a535fdc8a7d7d4f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00467-011-1848-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00467-011-1848-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,882,27905,27906,41469,42538,51300</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21617916$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Taal, H. Rob</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geelhoed, J. J. Miranda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steegers, Eric A. P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hofman, Albert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moll, Henriette A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lequin, Maarten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Heijden, Albert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.</creatorcontrib><title>Maternal smoking during pregnancy and kidney volume in the offspring: the Generation R Study</title><title>Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West)</title><addtitle>Pediatr Nephrol</addtitle><addtitle>Pediatr Nephrol</addtitle><description>An adverse fetal environment leads to smaller kidneys, with fewer nephrons, which might predispose an individual to the development of kidney disease and hypertension in adult life. In a prospective cohort study among 1,072 children followed from early fetal life onward, we examined whether maternal smoking during pregnancy, as a significant adverse fetal exposure, is associated with fetal (third trimester of pregnancy,
n
= 1,031) and infant kidney volume (2 years of age,
n
= 538) measured by ultrasound. Analyses were adjusted for various potential confounders. Among mothers who continued smoking, we observed dose-dependent associations between the number of cigarettes smoked during pregnancy and kidney volume in fetal life. Smoking less than five cigarettes per day was associated with larger fetal combined kidney volume, while smoking more than ten cigarettes per day tended to be associated with smaller fetal combined kidney volume (
p
for trend: 0.002). This pattern was not significant for kidney volume at the age of 2 years. Our results suggest that smoking during pregnancy might affect kidney development in fetal life with a dose-dependent relationship. Further studies are needed to assess the underlying mechanisms and whether these differences in fetal kidney volume have postnatal consequences for kidney function and blood pressure.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Birth weight</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fetal Development - drug effects</subject><subject>Gestational age</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Kidney - abnormalities</subject><subject>Kidney - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Kidney diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Mothers</subject><subject>Nephrology</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnant women</subject><subject>Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - pathology</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - adverse effects</subject><subject>Ultrasonic imaging</subject><subject>Ultrasonography</subject><subject>Urology</subject><issn>0931-041X</issn><issn>1432-198X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNqNklFr1TAUx4s43HX6AXyRguBbt5wmaVIfhDF0ChNB97AHIeS2J_dma5Nr0w7utzdd5-yF6xh9CG1_53fCOf8keQPkGAgRJ4EQVoiMAGQgmczos2QBjOYZlPLqebIgJYWMMLg6TF6GcE0IkVwWL5LDHAoQJRSL5Nc33WPndJOG1t9Yt0rroRuPTYcrp121TbWr0xtbO9ymt74ZWkytS_s1pt6YsBnhD3ev5-iw0731Lv2R_uyHevsqOTC6Cfj6_jxKLj9_ujz7kl18P_96dnqRVYJBnzFJSF4aQzXWsISiyCkx8X5LTZBrFLyiS6yAC14yIgumOeWmrqQWtaiZoUfJx0m7GZYt1hW6vtONildrdbdVXlu1-8fZtVr5W0UhDorwKHh3L-j87wFDr679MA4lKCAl50IKVv6jVrpBZZ3xUVa1NlTqtCAyzrRg8ChFKTApRTl2zPZQq7sJNt6hsfHzjvUp_Nx_vIePT42trfY2eFLBvMP7WcEaddOvQ4zHuP-wa34UnBthAqvOh9ChedggEDXmXU15VzHvasy7orHm7Xz1DxV_Ax6BfAKmpGI3X-3_rH8AusUG0g</recordid><startdate>20110801</startdate><enddate>20110801</enddate><creator>Taal, H. 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Rob</au><au>Geelhoed, J. J. Miranda</au><au>Steegers, Eric A. P.</au><au>Hofman, Albert</au><au>Moll, Henriette A.</au><au>Lequin, Maarten</au><au>van der Heijden, Albert J.</au><au>Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Maternal smoking during pregnancy and kidney volume in the offspring: the Generation R Study</atitle><jtitle>Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West)</jtitle><stitle>Pediatr Nephrol</stitle><addtitle>Pediatr Nephrol</addtitle><date>2011-08-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>26</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1275</spage><epage>1283</epage><pages>1275-1283</pages><issn>0931-041X</issn><eissn>1432-198X</eissn><abstract>An adverse fetal environment leads to smaller kidneys, with fewer nephrons, which might predispose an individual to the development of kidney disease and hypertension in adult life. In a prospective cohort study among 1,072 children followed from early fetal life onward, we examined whether maternal smoking during pregnancy, as a significant adverse fetal exposure, is associated with fetal (third trimester of pregnancy,
n
= 1,031) and infant kidney volume (2 years of age,
n
= 538) measured by ultrasound. Analyses were adjusted for various potential confounders. Among mothers who continued smoking, we observed dose-dependent associations between the number of cigarettes smoked during pregnancy and kidney volume in fetal life. Smoking less than five cigarettes per day was associated with larger fetal combined kidney volume, while smoking more than ten cigarettes per day tended to be associated with smaller fetal combined kidney volume (
p
for trend: 0.002). This pattern was not significant for kidney volume at the age of 2 years. Our results suggest that smoking during pregnancy might affect kidney development in fetal life with a dose-dependent relationship. Further studies are needed to assess the underlying mechanisms and whether these differences in fetal kidney volume have postnatal consequences for kidney function and blood pressure.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>21617916</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00467-011-1848-3</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Analysis Birth weight Blood pressure Cigarettes Cohort analysis Cohort Studies Drug dosages Female Fetal Development - drug effects Gestational age Humans Hypertension Hypotheses Infant, Newborn Kidney - abnormalities Kidney - diagnostic imaging Kidney diseases Male Medicine & Public Health Mothers Nephrology Original Original Article Pediatrics Pregnancy Pregnant women Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - pathology Questionnaires Smoking Smoking - adverse effects Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasonography Urology |
| title | Maternal smoking during pregnancy and kidney volume in the offspring: the Generation R Study |
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