Genetic and epigenetic control of the efficiency and fidelity of cross‐species prion transmission

Summary Self‐perpetuating amyloid‐based protein isoforms (prions) transmit neurodegenerative diseases in mammals and phenotypic traits in yeast. Although mechanisms that control species specificity of prion transmission are poorly understood, studies of closely related orthologues of yeast prion pro...

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Veröffentlicht in:Molecular microbiology 2010-06, Vol.76 (6), p.1483-1499
Hauptverfasser: Chen, Buxin, Bruce, Kathryn L., Newnam, Gary P., Gyoneva, Stefka, Romanyuk, Andrey V., Chernoff, Yury O.
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container_issue 6
container_start_page 1483
container_title Molecular microbiology
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creator Chen, Buxin
Bruce, Kathryn L.
Newnam, Gary P.
Gyoneva, Stefka
Romanyuk, Andrey V.
Chernoff, Yury O.
description Summary Self‐perpetuating amyloid‐based protein isoforms (prions) transmit neurodegenerative diseases in mammals and phenotypic traits in yeast. Although mechanisms that control species specificity of prion transmission are poorly understood, studies of closely related orthologues of yeast prion protein Sup35 demonstrate that cross‐species prion transmission is modulated by both genetic (specific sequence elements) and epigenetic (prion variants, or ‘strains’) factors. Depending on the prion variant, the species barrier could be controlled at the level of either heterologous co‐aggregation or conversion of the aggregate‐associated heterologous protein into a prion polymer. Sequence divergence influences cross‐species transmission of different prion variants in opposing ways. The ability of a heterologous prion domain to either faithfully reproduce or irreversibly switch the variant‐specific prion patterns depends on both sequence divergence and the prion variant. Sequence variations within different modules of prion domains contribute to transmission barriers in different cross‐species combinations. Individual amino acid substitutions within short amyloidogenic stretches drastically alter patterns of cross‐species prion conversion, implicating these stretches as major determinants of species specificity.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07177.x
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Although mechanisms that control species specificity of prion transmission are poorly understood, studies of closely related orthologues of yeast prion protein Sup35 demonstrate that cross‐species prion transmission is modulated by both genetic (specific sequence elements) and epigenetic (prion variants, or ‘strains’) factors. Depending on the prion variant, the species barrier could be controlled at the level of either heterologous co‐aggregation or conversion of the aggregate‐associated heterologous protein into a prion polymer. Sequence divergence influences cross‐species transmission of different prion variants in opposing ways. The ability of a heterologous prion domain to either faithfully reproduce or irreversibly switch the variant‐specific prion patterns depends on both sequence divergence and the prion variant. Sequence variations within different modules of prion domains contribute to transmission barriers in different cross‐species combinations. Individual amino acid substitutions within short amyloidogenic stretches drastically alter patterns of cross‐species prion conversion, implicating these stretches as major determinants of species specificity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0950-382X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2958</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07177.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20444092</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino acids ; Amyloid - metabolism ; Bacteria ; Bacterial proteins ; Biological and medical sciences ; Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases ; Epigenetics ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genotype &amp; phenotype ; Mammals ; Medical sciences ; Microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurology ; Non conventional transmissible agents ; Peptide Termination Factors - genetics ; Peptide Termination Factors - metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prions ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - metabolism ; Sequence Alignment</subject><ispartof>Molecular microbiology, 2010-06, Vol.76 (6), p.1483-1499</ispartof><rights>2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 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Although mechanisms that control species specificity of prion transmission are poorly understood, studies of closely related orthologues of yeast prion protein Sup35 demonstrate that cross‐species prion transmission is modulated by both genetic (specific sequence elements) and epigenetic (prion variants, or ‘strains’) factors. Depending on the prion variant, the species barrier could be controlled at the level of either heterologous co‐aggregation or conversion of the aggregate‐associated heterologous protein into a prion polymer. Sequence divergence influences cross‐species transmission of different prion variants in opposing ways. The ability of a heterologous prion domain to either faithfully reproduce or irreversibly switch the variant‐specific prion patterns depends on both sequence divergence and the prion variant. Sequence variations within different modules of prion domains contribute to transmission barriers in different cross‐species combinations. Individual amino acid substitutions within short amyloidogenic stretches drastically alter patterns of cross‐species prion conversion, implicating these stretches as major determinants of species specificity.</description><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Amyloid - metabolism</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacterial proteins</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</subject><subject>Epigenetics</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Although mechanisms that control species specificity of prion transmission are poorly understood, studies of closely related orthologues of yeast prion protein Sup35 demonstrate that cross‐species prion transmission is modulated by both genetic (specific sequence elements) and epigenetic (prion variants, or ‘strains’) factors. Depending on the prion variant, the species barrier could be controlled at the level of either heterologous co‐aggregation or conversion of the aggregate‐associated heterologous protein into a prion polymer. Sequence divergence influences cross‐species transmission of different prion variants in opposing ways. The ability of a heterologous prion domain to either faithfully reproduce or irreversibly switch the variant‐specific prion patterns depends on both sequence divergence and the prion variant. Sequence variations within different modules of prion domains contribute to transmission barriers in different cross‐species combinations. Individual amino acid substitutions within short amyloidogenic stretches drastically alter patterns of cross‐species prion conversion, implicating these stretches as major determinants of species specificity.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>20444092</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07177.x</doi><tpages>17</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Amino Acid Sequence
Amino acids
Amyloid - metabolism
Bacteria
Bacterial proteins
Biological and medical sciences
Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases
Epigenetics
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
Gene Transfer, Horizontal
Genotype & phenotype
Mammals
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Molecular Sequence Data
Neurology
Non conventional transmissible agents
Peptide Termination Factors - genetics
Peptide Termination Factors - metabolism
Polymorphism, Genetic
Prions
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - metabolism
Sequence Alignment
title Genetic and epigenetic control of the efficiency and fidelity of cross‐species prion transmission
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