Thyroid cancer following nuclear tests in French Polynesia

Background: Between 1966 and 1974, France conducted 41 atmospheric nuclear tests in Polynesia, but their potential health effects have not previously been investigated. Methods: In a case–control study, we compared the radiation exposure of almost all the French Polynesians diagnosed with differenti...

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Veröffentlicht in:British journal of cancer 2010-09, Vol.103 (7), p.1115-1121
Hauptverfasser: de Vathaire, F, Drozdovitch, V, Brindel, P, Rachedi, F, Boissin, J-L, Sebbag, J, Shan, L, Bost-Bezeaud, F, Petitdidier, P, Paoaafaite, J, Teuri, J, Iltis, J, Bouville, A, Cardis, E, Hill, C, Doyon, F
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container_end_page 1121
container_issue 7
container_start_page 1115
container_title British journal of cancer
container_volume 103
creator de Vathaire, F
Drozdovitch, V
Brindel, P
Rachedi, F
Boissin, J-L
Sebbag, J
Shan, L
Bost-Bezeaud, F
Petitdidier, P
Paoaafaite, J
Teuri, J
Iltis, J
Bouville, A
Cardis, E
Hill, C
Doyon, F
description Background: Between 1966 and 1974, France conducted 41 atmospheric nuclear tests in Polynesia, but their potential health effects have not previously been investigated. Methods: In a case–control study, we compared the radiation exposure of almost all the French Polynesians diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma between 1981 and 2003 ( n =229) to the exposure of 373 French Polynesian control individuals without cancer from the general population. Radiation exposures were estimated using measurements after the nuclear tests, age at time of each test, residential and dietary information. Results: The average thyroid dose before 15 years of age was about 1.8 mGy, and 5% of the cases and 3% of the controls received a dose above 10 mGy. Despite this low level of dose, and after adjusting for ethnic group, level of education, body surface area, family history of thyroid cancer and number of pregnancies for women, we observed an increasing risk ( P =0.04) of thyroid cancer with increasing thyroid dose received before age of 15 years, which remained after excluding non-aggressive differentiated thyroid micro-carcinomas. This increase of risk per unit of thyroid radiation dose was higher ( P =0.03) in women who later experienced four or more pregnancies than among other women. Conclusion: The risk estimate is low, but is based on limited exposure data. The release of information on exposure, currently classified, would greatly improve the reliability of the risk estimation.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605862
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Methods: In a case–control study, we compared the radiation exposure of almost all the French Polynesians diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma between 1981 and 2003 ( n =229) to the exposure of 373 French Polynesian control individuals without cancer from the general population. Radiation exposures were estimated using measurements after the nuclear tests, age at time of each test, residential and dietary information. Results: The average thyroid dose before 15 years of age was about 1.8 mGy, and 5% of the cases and 3% of the controls received a dose above 10 mGy. Despite this low level of dose, and after adjusting for ethnic group, level of education, body surface area, family history of thyroid cancer and number of pregnancies for women, we observed an increasing risk ( P =0.04) of thyroid cancer with increasing thyroid dose received before age of 15 years, which remained after excluding non-aggressive differentiated thyroid micro-carcinomas. This increase of risk per unit of thyroid radiation dose was higher ( P =0.03) in women who later experienced four or more pregnancies than among other women. Conclusion: The risk estimate is low, but is based on limited exposure data. The release of information on exposure, currently classified, would greatly improve the reliability of the risk estimation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-0920</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-1827</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605862</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20808313</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BJCAAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>692/699/67/1459/1843 ; 692/699/67/2324 ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Cancer Research ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Drug Resistance ; Endocrinopathies ; Epidemiology ; Family medical history ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malignant tumors ; Medical research ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Medicine ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - epidemiology ; Nuclear tests ; Nuclear Weapons ; Oncology ; Parity ; Polynesia - epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Radiation ; Radiation Dosage ; Radioactive Fallout - adverse effects ; Risk ; Thyroid cancer ; Thyroid Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Thyroid. 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Methods: In a case–control study, we compared the radiation exposure of almost all the French Polynesians diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma between 1981 and 2003 ( n =229) to the exposure of 373 French Polynesian control individuals without cancer from the general population. Radiation exposures were estimated using measurements after the nuclear tests, age at time of each test, residential and dietary information. Results: The average thyroid dose before 15 years of age was about 1.8 mGy, and 5% of the cases and 3% of the controls received a dose above 10 mGy. Despite this low level of dose, and after adjusting for ethnic group, level of education, body surface area, family history of thyroid cancer and number of pregnancies for women, we observed an increasing risk ( P =0.04) of thyroid cancer with increasing thyroid dose received before age of 15 years, which remained after excluding non-aggressive differentiated thyroid micro-carcinomas. This increase of risk per unit of thyroid radiation dose was higher ( P =0.03) in women who later experienced four or more pregnancies than among other women. Conclusion: The risk estimate is low, but is based on limited exposure data. The release of information on exposure, currently classified, would greatly improve the reliability of the risk estimation.</description><subject>692/699/67/1459/1843</subject><subject>692/699/67/2324</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Cancer Research</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Drug Resistance</subject><subject>Endocrinopathies</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Family medical history</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Malignant tumors</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Molecular Medicine</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - epidemiology</subject><subject>Nuclear tests</subject><subject>Nuclear Weapons</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Parity</subject><subject>Polynesia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Radiation Dosage</subject><subject>Radioactive Fallout - adverse effects</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Thyroid cancer</subject><subject>Thyroid Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Thyroid. 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This increase of risk per unit of thyroid radiation dose was higher ( P =0.03) in women who later experienced four or more pregnancies than among other women. Conclusion: The risk estimate is low, but is based on limited exposure data. The release of information on exposure, currently classified, would greatly improve the reliability of the risk estimation.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>20808313</pmid><doi>10.1038/sj.bjc.6605862</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects 692/699/67/1459/1843
692/699/67/2324
Adolescent
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Case-Control Studies
Child
Drug Resistance
Endocrinopathies
Epidemiology
Family medical history
Female
Humans
Male
Malignant tumors
Medical research
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Molecular Medicine
Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - epidemiology
Nuclear tests
Nuclear Weapons
Oncology
Parity
Polynesia - epidemiology
Pregnancy
Radiation
Radiation Dosage
Radioactive Fallout - adverse effects
Risk
Thyroid cancer
Thyroid Neoplasms - epidemiology
Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases)
Tumors
Young Adult
title Thyroid cancer following nuclear tests in French Polynesia
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