Cancer as a Cause of Death among People with AIDS in the United States
Background. People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS have an elevated risk for cancer. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which has been widely available since 1996, has resulted in dramatic decreases in AIDS-related deaths. Methods. We evaluated cancer as a cause...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical infectious diseases 2010-10, Vol.51 (8), p.957-962 |
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| creator | Simard, Edgar P. Engels, Eric A. |
| description | Background. People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS have an elevated risk for cancer. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which has been widely available since 1996, has resulted in dramatic decreases in AIDS-related deaths. Methods. We evaluated cancer as a cause of death in a US registry-based cohort of 83,282 people with AIDS (1980–2006). Causes of death due to AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) and non-ADCs (NADCs) were assessed. We evaluated mortality rates and the fraction of deaths due to cancer. Poisson regression assessed rates according to calendar year of AIDS onset. Results. Overall mortality decreased from 302 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1980–1989, to 140 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1990–1995, and to 29 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1996–2006. ADC-related mortality decreased from 2.95 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1980–1989 to 0.65 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1996– 2006 (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1086/656416 |
| format | Article |
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People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS have an elevated risk for cancer. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which has been widely available since 1996, has resulted in dramatic decreases in AIDS-related deaths. Methods. We evaluated cancer as a cause of death in a US registry-based cohort of 83,282 people with AIDS (1980–2006). Causes of death due to AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) and non-ADCs (NADCs) were assessed. We evaluated mortality rates and the fraction of deaths due to cancer. Poisson regression assessed rates according to calendar year of AIDS onset. Results. Overall mortality decreased from 302 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1980–1989, to 140 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1990–1995, and to 29 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1996–2006. ADC-related mortality decreased from 2.95 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1980–1989 to 0.65 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1996– 2006 (P<.01), but the fraction of ADC-related deaths increased from 1.05% to 2.47% in association with decreases in other AIDS-related deaths. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was the most common cancer-related cause of death (36% of deaths during 1996–2006). Likewise, NADC-related mortality decreased from 2.21 to 0.84 deaths per 1000 person-years from the period 1980–1989 to the period 1996–2006 (P<.05), but the fraction of NADC-deaths increased to 3.16% during 1996–2006. Lung cancer was the most common NADC cause of death (21% of cancerrelated deaths in 1996–2006). Conclusions. Cancer-related mortality decreased in the HAART era, but because of decreasing mortality due to AIDS, cancers account for a growing fraction of deaths. Improved cancer prevention and treatment, particularly for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and lung cancer, would reduce mortality among people with AIDS.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1058-4838</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6591</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1086/656416</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20825305</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CIDIEL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: The University of Chicago Press</publisher><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy ; Adult ; AIDS ; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use ; Antiretroviral drugs ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - utilization ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cancer ; Cause of Death - trends ; Causes of death ; Cohort Studies ; Death ; Female ; Highly active antiretroviral therapy ; HIV ; HIV infections ; HIV/AIDS ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Human viral diseases ; Humans ; Immunodeficiencies ; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies ; Immunopathology ; Incidence ; Infectious diseases ; Lung neoplasms ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Neoplasms - mortality ; Non Hodgkin lymphoma ; United States - epidemiology ; Viral diseases ; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</subject><ispartof>Clinical infectious diseases, 2010-10, Vol.51 (8), p.957-962</ispartof><rights>2010 Infectious Diseases Society of America</rights><rights>2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2010</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright University of Chicago, acting through its Press Oct 15, 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-71a6133ed55db0c3bbfb30676b5b6e389f0e48c39a095176b715a510454f133f3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/25742315$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/25742315$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,800,882,27905,27906,57998,58231</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23277077$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20825305$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Simard, Edgar P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engels, Eric A.</creatorcontrib><title>Cancer as a Cause of Death among People with AIDS in the United States</title><title>Clinical infectious diseases</title><addtitle>Clinical Infectious Diseases</addtitle><addtitle>Clinical Infectious Diseases</addtitle><description>Background. People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS have an elevated risk for cancer. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which has been widely available since 1996, has resulted in dramatic decreases in AIDS-related deaths. Methods. We evaluated cancer as a cause of death in a US registry-based cohort of 83,282 people with AIDS (1980–2006). Causes of death due to AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) and non-ADCs (NADCs) were assessed. We evaluated mortality rates and the fraction of deaths due to cancer. Poisson regression assessed rates according to calendar year of AIDS onset. Results. Overall mortality decreased from 302 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1980–1989, to 140 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1990–1995, and to 29 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1996–2006. ADC-related mortality decreased from 2.95 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1980–1989 to 0.65 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1996– 2006 (P<.01), but the fraction of ADC-related deaths increased from 1.05% to 2.47% in association with decreases in other AIDS-related deaths. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was the most common cancer-related cause of death (36% of deaths during 1996–2006). Likewise, NADC-related mortality decreased from 2.21 to 0.84 deaths per 1000 person-years from the period 1980–1989 to the period 1996–2006 (P<.05), but the fraction of NADC-deaths increased to 3.16% during 1996–2006. Lung cancer was the most common NADC cause of death (21% of cancerrelated deaths in 1996–2006). Conclusions. Cancer-related mortality decreased in the HAART era, but because of decreasing mortality due to AIDS, cancers account for a growing fraction of deaths. Improved cancer prevention and treatment, particularly for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and lung cancer, would reduce mortality among people with AIDS.</description><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications</subject><subject>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Antiretroviral drugs</subject><subject>Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - utilization</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cause of Death - trends</subject><subject>Causes of death</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Death</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Highly active antiretroviral therapy</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV infections</subject><subject>HIV/AIDS</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Human viral diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</subject><subject>Immunopathology</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Lung neoplasms</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Non Hodgkin lymphoma</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</subject><issn>1058-4838</issn><issn>1537-6591</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkV2LEzEUhgdR3A_1HyhRUK9Gk0lOPm6EpbXblQXFdUG8CZlpZpvudFKTzKr_3pSpXRXEq4TzPnlPznmL4hHBrwiW_DUHzgi_UxwSoKLkoMjdfMcgSyapPCiOYlxhTIjEcL84qLCsgGI4LGYT0zc2IBORQRMzRIt8i6bWpCUya99foQ_WbzqLvrlcOTmbXiDXo7S06LJ3yS7QRTLJxgfFvdZ00T7cncfF5eztp8m8PH9_ejY5OS8bYDiVghhOKLULgEWNG1rXbU0xF7yGmlsqVYstkw1VBisguSwIGCCYAWvzu5YeF29G381Qr-2isX0KptOb4NYm_NDeOP2n0rulvvI3ulKMKoWzwcudQfBfBxuTXrvY2K4zvfVD1FLKvE8F7L-kACBKsopm8tlf5MoPoc972ELAJKdVhl6MUBN8jMG2-08TrLcR6jHCDD75fcQ99iuzDDzfASY2pmtDTtDFW45WQmAhMvd05Pyw-XezxyOzismHWw8QeTCy7VWOuovJft_rJlxrLqgAPf_8RZ8qMqs-zt_pKf0JkfzB-A</recordid><startdate>20101015</startdate><enddate>20101015</enddate><creator>Simard, Edgar P.</creator><creator>Engels, Eric A.</creator><general>The University of Chicago Press</general><general>University of Chicago Press</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20101015</creationdate><title>Cancer as a Cause of Death among People with AIDS in the United States</title><author>Simard, Edgar P. ; Engels, Eric A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-71a6133ed55db0c3bbfb30676b5b6e389f0e48c39a095176b715a510454f133f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</topic><topic>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications</topic><topic>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>AIDS</topic><topic>Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Antiretroviral drugs</topic><topic>Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - utilization</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Cause of Death - trends</topic><topic>Causes of death</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Death</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Highly active antiretroviral therapy</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV infections</topic><topic>HIV/AIDS</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Human viral diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</topic><topic>Immunopathology</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Lung neoplasms</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Non Hodgkin lymphoma</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>Viral diseases</topic><topic>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Simard, Edgar P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engels, Eric A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Clinical infectious diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Simard, Edgar P.</au><au>Engels, Eric A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cancer as a Cause of Death among People with AIDS in the United States</atitle><jtitle>Clinical infectious diseases</jtitle><stitle>Clinical Infectious Diseases</stitle><addtitle>Clinical Infectious Diseases</addtitle><date>2010-10-15</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>957</spage><epage>962</epage><pages>957-962</pages><issn>1058-4838</issn><eissn>1537-6591</eissn><coden>CIDIEL</coden><abstract>Background. People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS have an elevated risk for cancer. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which has been widely available since 1996, has resulted in dramatic decreases in AIDS-related deaths. Methods. We evaluated cancer as a cause of death in a US registry-based cohort of 83,282 people with AIDS (1980–2006). Causes of death due to AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) and non-ADCs (NADCs) were assessed. We evaluated mortality rates and the fraction of deaths due to cancer. Poisson regression assessed rates according to calendar year of AIDS onset. Results. Overall mortality decreased from 302 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1980–1989, to 140 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1990–1995, and to 29 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1996–2006. ADC-related mortality decreased from 2.95 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1980–1989 to 0.65 deaths per 1000 person-years in 1996– 2006 (P<.01), but the fraction of ADC-related deaths increased from 1.05% to 2.47% in association with decreases in other AIDS-related deaths. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was the most common cancer-related cause of death (36% of deaths during 1996–2006). Likewise, NADC-related mortality decreased from 2.21 to 0.84 deaths per 1000 person-years from the period 1980–1989 to the period 1996–2006 (P<.05), but the fraction of NADC-deaths increased to 3.16% during 1996–2006. Lung cancer was the most common NADC cause of death (21% of cancerrelated deaths in 1996–2006). Conclusions. Cancer-related mortality decreased in the HAART era, but because of decreasing mortality due to AIDS, cancers account for a growing fraction of deaths. Improved cancer prevention and treatment, particularly for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and lung cancer, would reduce mortality among people with AIDS.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>The University of Chicago Press</pub><pmid>20825305</pmid><doi>10.1086/656416</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Jstor Complete Legacy; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy Adult AIDS Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use Antiretroviral drugs Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - utilization Biological and medical sciences Cancer Cause of Death - trends Causes of death Cohort Studies Death Female Highly active antiretroviral therapy HIV HIV infections HIV/AIDS Human immunodeficiency virus Human viral diseases Humans Immunodeficiencies Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies Immunopathology Incidence Infectious diseases Lung neoplasms Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Mortality Neoplasms - epidemiology Neoplasms - mortality Non Hodgkin lymphoma United States - epidemiology Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids |
| title | Cancer as a Cause of Death among People with AIDS in the United States |
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