The effects of rumination on mood and intrusive memories after exposure to traumatic material: An experimental study
Abstract Correlational studies have shown that trauma-related rumination predicts chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to experimentally test the hypothesis that rumination is causally involved in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms. A video depicting the afte...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry 2009-12, Vol.40 (4), p.499-514 |
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| description | Abstract Correlational studies have shown that trauma-related rumination predicts chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to experimentally test the hypothesis that rumination is causally involved in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms. A video depicting the aftermath of serious road traffic accidents was used as an analogue stressor. After having watched the video, N = 101 healthy participants were randomly assigned to a guided thinking task designed to induce (a) rumination, (b) memory integration and (c) distraction. In line with the hypotheses, rumination led to less recovery from sad mood triggered by the video than the other two conditions. In addition, self-reported state levels of rumination during the guided thinking task predicted subsequent intrusive memories in the session. However, no significant main effect of the experimental manipulation on intrusive memories of the video was found. Results of exploratory analyses suggested possible sex differences in the way the processing manipulations were effective. Taken together, the results partially support the hypothesis that rumination is involved in the maintenance of negative mood and post-traumatic stress symptoms. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.07.001 |
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This study aimed to experimentally test the hypothesis that rumination is causally involved in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms. A video depicting the aftermath of serious road traffic accidents was used as an analogue stressor. After having watched the video, N = 101 healthy participants were randomly assigned to a guided thinking task designed to induce (a) rumination, (b) memory integration and (c) distraction. In line with the hypotheses, rumination led to less recovery from sad mood triggered by the video than the other two conditions. In addition, self-reported state levels of rumination during the guided thinking task predicted subsequent intrusive memories in the session. However, no significant main effect of the experimental manipulation on intrusive memories of the video was found. Results of exploratory analyses suggested possible sex differences in the way the processing manipulations were effective. Taken together, the results partially support the hypothesis that rumination is involved in the maintenance of negative mood and post-traumatic stress symptoms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0005-7916</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7943</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.07.001</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19665693</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JBTEAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Affect - physiology ; Anxiety - etiology ; Anxiety disorders. Neuroses ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cognition ; Depression - etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Imagination ; Intrusive memory ; Life Change Events ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Memory - physiology ; Moods ; Post-traumatic stress disorder ; Posttraumatic stress disorder ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Rumination ; Self-referent processing ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - complications ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology ; Stress, Psychological - psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Trauma memories ; Traumatic life events ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry, 2009-12, Vol.40 (4), p.499-514</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2009 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2009 Elsevier Ltd. 2009 Elsevier Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c671t-4e21a356143b720c1e5a4b36ac259e28d9e756d5e1fe0e88e53f65df891d7ec43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c671t-4e21a356143b720c1e5a4b36ac259e28d9e756d5e1fe0e88e53f65df891d7ec43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.07.001$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,27924,27925,31000,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22155109$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19665693$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zetsche, Ulrike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehring, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehlers, Anke</creatorcontrib><title>The effects of rumination on mood and intrusive memories after exposure to traumatic material: An experimental study</title><title>Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry</title><addtitle>J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry</addtitle><description>Abstract Correlational studies have shown that trauma-related rumination predicts chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to experimentally test the hypothesis that rumination is causally involved in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms. A video depicting the aftermath of serious road traffic accidents was used as an analogue stressor. After having watched the video, N = 101 healthy participants were randomly assigned to a guided thinking task designed to induce (a) rumination, (b) memory integration and (c) distraction. In line with the hypotheses, rumination led to less recovery from sad mood triggered by the video than the other two conditions. In addition, self-reported state levels of rumination during the guided thinking task predicted subsequent intrusive memories in the session. However, no significant main effect of the experimental manipulation on intrusive memories of the video was found. Results of exploratory analyses suggested possible sex differences in the way the processing manipulations were effective. Taken together, the results partially support the hypothesis that rumination is involved in the maintenance of negative mood and post-traumatic stress symptoms.</description><subject>Adaptation, Psychological</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Affect - physiology</subject><subject>Anxiety - etiology</subject><subject>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Depression - etiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Imagination</subject><subject>Intrusive memory</subject><subject>Life Change Events</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Memory - physiology</subject><subject>Moods</subject><subject>Post-traumatic stress disorder</subject><subject>Posttraumatic stress disorder</subject><subject>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Rumination</subject><subject>Self-referent processing</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - complications</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological - psychology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Trauma memories</subject><subject>Traumatic life events</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0005-7916</issn><issn>1873-7943</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkl1vFCEUhonR2G31F5gYbtSrHfkYYMakTZqmfiRNvLBeE5Y5YxlnYAVm4_57GXdTPy40IXAIz3s48B6EnlFSUULl66EaNhm2FSOkrYiqCKEP0Io2iq9VW_OHaEUIESWm8gSdpjQUQBFFHqMT2kopZMtXKN_eAYa-B5sTDj2O8-S8yS54XMYUQoeN77DzOc7J7QBPMIXoIGHTZ4gYvm9DmiPgHHCOZp6K1uIyQ3RmfIMv_YKUzQQ-mxGnPHf7J-hRb8YET4_rGfr89vr26v365uO7D1eXN2srFc3rGhg1XEha841ixFIQpt5waSwTLbCma0EJ2QmgPRBoGhC8l6Lrm5Z2CmzNz9DFIe923kzQ2VJCNKPelmpM3OtgnP7zxLs7_SXsNGtU3XBVErw6Jojh2wwp68klC-NoPIQ5acU5r2sqlqte_pMUBWWyXVLyA2hjSClCf18OJXrxVQ_6p6968VUTpYttRfX895f80hyNLMCLI2CSNWMfjbcu3XOMUSEoaQt3fuCg_PvOQdTJOvAWOhdLD-guuP8UcvGX3o7Ou3LlV9hDGsIcfbFUU52YJvrT0oJLB5K2RJwT_gPYHNno</recordid><startdate>20091201</startdate><enddate>20091201</enddate><creator>Zetsche, Ulrike</creator><creator>Ehring, Thomas</creator><creator>Ehlers, Anke</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20091201</creationdate><title>The effects of rumination on mood and intrusive memories after exposure to traumatic material: An experimental study</title><author>Zetsche, Ulrike ; Ehring, Thomas ; Ehlers, Anke</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c671t-4e21a356143b720c1e5a4b36ac259e28d9e756d5e1fe0e88e53f65df891d7ec43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Adaptation, Psychological</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Affect - physiology</topic><topic>Anxiety - etiology</topic><topic>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Depression - etiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Imagination</topic><topic>Intrusive memory</topic><topic>Life Change Events</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Memory - physiology</topic><topic>Moods</topic><topic>Post-traumatic stress disorder</topic><topic>Posttraumatic stress disorder</topic><topic>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Rumination</topic><topic>Self-referent processing</topic><topic>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - complications</topic><topic>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological - psychology</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Trauma memories</topic><topic>Traumatic life events</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zetsche, Ulrike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehring, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehlers, Anke</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zetsche, Ulrike</au><au>Ehring, Thomas</au><au>Ehlers, Anke</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effects of rumination on mood and intrusive memories after exposure to traumatic material: An experimental study</atitle><jtitle>Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry</jtitle><addtitle>J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry</addtitle><date>2009-12-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>499</spage><epage>514</epage><pages>499-514</pages><issn>0005-7916</issn><eissn>1873-7943</eissn><coden>JBTEAB</coden><abstract>Abstract Correlational studies have shown that trauma-related rumination predicts chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to experimentally test the hypothesis that rumination is causally involved in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms. A video depicting the aftermath of serious road traffic accidents was used as an analogue stressor. After having watched the video, N = 101 healthy participants were randomly assigned to a guided thinking task designed to induce (a) rumination, (b) memory integration and (c) distraction. In line with the hypotheses, rumination led to less recovery from sad mood triggered by the video than the other two conditions. In addition, self-reported state levels of rumination during the guided thinking task predicted subsequent intrusive memories in the session. However, no significant main effect of the experimental manipulation on intrusive memories of the video was found. Results of exploratory analyses suggested possible sex differences in the way the processing manipulations were effective. 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| subjects | Adaptation, Psychological Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Affect - physiology Anxiety - etiology Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Biological and medical sciences Cognition Depression - etiology Female Humans Imagination Intrusive memory Life Change Events Male Medical sciences Memory - physiology Moods Post-traumatic stress disorder Posttraumatic stress disorder Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Rumination Self-referent processing Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - complications Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology Stress, Psychological - psychology Surveys and Questionnaires Trauma memories Traumatic life events Young Adult |
| title | The effects of rumination on mood and intrusive memories after exposure to traumatic material: An experimental study |
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