Entertainment education for prostate cancer screening: A randomized trial among primary care patients with low health literacy

Abstract Objective To evaluate an entertainment-based patient decision aid for prostate cancer screening among patients with low or high health literacy. Methods Male primary care patients from two clinical sites, one characterized as serving patients with low health literacy ( n = 149) and the second as serving patients with high health literacy ( n = 301), were randomized to receive an entertainment-based decision aid for prostate cancer screening or an audiobooklet-control aid with the same learner content but without the entertainment features. Postintervention and 2-week follow-up assessments were conducted. Results Patients at the low-literacy site were more engaged with the entertainment-based aid than patients at the high-literacy site. Overall, knowledge improved for all patients. Among patients at the low-literacy site, the entertainment-based aid was associated with lower decisional conflict and greater self-advocacy (i.e., mastering and obtaining information about screening) when compared to patients given the audiobooklet. No differences between the aids were observed for patients at the high-literacy site. Conclusion Entertainment education may be an effective strategy for promoting informed decision making about prostate cancer screening among patients with lower health literacy. Practice implications As barriers to implementing computer-based patient decision support programs decrease, alternative models for delivering these programs should be explored.