Evaluation of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Risk calculator in a high‐risk screening population

Study Type – Diagnostic (exploratory cohort) Level of Evidence 2b OBJECTIVE To evaluate the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) risk calculator in a screening cohort of young, racially diverse, high‐risk men with a low baseline prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level and enrolled in the Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment Program (PRAP). The PCPT calculator provides an assessment of prostate cancer risk based on age, PSA level, race, previous biopsy, and family history. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligibility for PRAP includes men aged 35–69 years who are African‐American, have a family history of prostate cancer, or have a known BRCA1/2 mutation. PCPT risk scores were determined for PRAP participants, and were compared to observed prostate cancer rates. RESULTS In all, 624 participants were evaluated, including 382 (61.2%) African‐American men and 242 (38.7%) men with a family history of prostate cancer; the median (range) age was 49.0 (34.0–69.0) years and the median PSA level 0.9 (0.1–27.2) ng/mL. The PCPT risk score correlated with prostate cancer diagnosis, as the median baseline risk score in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer was 31.3%, vs 14.2% in patients not diagnosed with prostate cancer (P