Unpacking Racial Socialization: Considering Female African American Primary Caregivers' Racial Identity
The relationship between female African American primary caregivers' racial identity and their racial socialization emphases was examined. Three components of racial identity were evaluated: (1) the importance of race to the self-concept (centrality), (2) affective feelings toward group members...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of marriage and family 2009-11, Vol.71 (4), p.807-818 |
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| container_title | Journal of marriage and family |
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| creator | Scottham, Krista Maywalt Smalls, Ciara P. |
| description | The relationship between female African American primary caregivers' racial identity and their racial socialization emphases was examined. Three components of racial identity were evaluated: (1) the importance of race to the self-concept (centrality), (2) affective feelings toward group membership (private regard), and (3) perceptions of how group members are perceived by nonmembers (public regard). Latent class cluster analysis was used to identify racial identity profiles, or dominant combinations of racial centrality, private regard, and public regard among a sample of 208 female African American primary caregivers. Mean differences in the content of caregivers' socialization emphases by profile group were then assessed. Findings indicated that caregivers with different identity profiles emphasized different messages. These findings and their implications are discussed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00636.x |
| format | Article |
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Three components of racial identity were evaluated: (1) the importance of race to the self-concept (centrality), (2) affective feelings toward group membership (private regard), and (3) perceptions of how group members are perceived by nonmembers (public regard). Latent class cluster analysis was used to identify racial identity profiles, or dominant combinations of racial centrality, private regard, and public regard among a sample of 208 female African American primary caregivers. Mean differences in the content of caregivers' socialization emphases by profile group were then assessed. Findings indicated that caregivers with different identity profiles emphasized different messages. These findings and their implications are discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-2445</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-3737</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00636.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20161472</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JMFAA6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>African American Children ; African American Culture ; African American studies ; African Americans ; Beliefs ; Black communities ; Caregivers ; Caring ; Centrality ; Children ; cluster analysis ; Community care ; Cultures and civilizations ; Ethnic Identity ; Ethnic relations. Racism ; Families of Color ; family diversity ; family processes ; Family studies ; Females ; Group Membership ; Group Unity ; Identity ; Intergroup Relations ; Membership ; Modeling (Psychology) ; Multivariate Analysis ; Parent Attitudes ; parent-adolescent relations ; Parents ; Pride ; Profiles ; Race ; Racial Discrimination ; Racial Factors ; Racial Identification ; Racial identity ; Self Concept ; Social Attitudes ; Socialization ; Sociology ; U.S. families/African American</subject><ispartof>Journal of marriage and family, 2009-11, Vol.71 (4), p.807-818</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2009 National Council on Family Relations</rights><rights>Copyright © National Council on Family Relations, 2009</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 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Three components of racial identity were evaluated: (1) the importance of race to the self-concept (centrality), (2) affective feelings toward group membership (private regard), and (3) perceptions of how group members are perceived by nonmembers (public regard). Latent class cluster analysis was used to identify racial identity profiles, or dominant combinations of racial centrality, private regard, and public regard among a sample of 208 female African American primary caregivers. Mean differences in the content of caregivers' socialization emphases by profile group were then assessed. Findings indicated that caregivers with different identity profiles emphasized different messages. These findings and their implications are discussed.</description><subject>African American Children</subject><subject>African American Culture</subject><subject>African American studies</subject><subject>African Americans</subject><subject>Beliefs</subject><subject>Black communities</subject><subject>Caregivers</subject><subject>Caring</subject><subject>Centrality</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>cluster analysis</subject><subject>Community care</subject><subject>Cultures and civilizations</subject><subject>Ethnic Identity</subject><subject>Ethnic relations. Racism</subject><subject>Families of Color</subject><subject>family diversity</subject><subject>family processes</subject><subject>Family studies</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Group Membership</subject><subject>Group Unity</subject><subject>Identity</subject><subject>Intergroup Relations</subject><subject>Membership</subject><subject>Modeling (Psychology)</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>Parent Attitudes</subject><subject>parent-adolescent relations</subject><subject>Parents</subject><subject>Pride</subject><subject>Profiles</subject><subject>Race</subject><subject>Racial Discrimination</subject><subject>Racial Factors</subject><subject>Racial Identification</subject><subject>Racial identity</subject><subject>Self Concept</subject><subject>Social Attitudes</subject><subject>Socialization</subject><subject>Sociology</subject><subject>U.S. families/African American</subject><issn>0022-2445</issn><issn>1741-3737</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>88H</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2N</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl1v0zAUhiMEYt3gHwCKkAbcpPgrtoMEUlXWsTFYBUwgbqyzxCnO8lHsdLT8ehzSZcAF4Btbfp_znmPrDYIQozH262kxxoLhiAoqxgShZIwQp3y8vhGMBuFmMEKIkIgwFu8Eu84VyC-SoNvBDkGYYybIKFic1UtIL0y9CN9BaqAM3zfdZr5Da5r6WThtamcybTtipisodTjJrUmhDieV7g9zayqwm3AKVi_Mpbbu8ZXbUabr1rSbO8GtHEqn7273veBsdvBh-io6OT08mk5OopQLxiNNBD6HHAueJ0JSRpBGUiYioznlLOcpZYDiLI6FlFQSAH-NaKalJjlk_tl7wYved7k6r3SW-u4WSrXsJ1QNGPW7UpsvatFcKiIShhjxBo-2Brb5utKuVZVxqS5LqHWzcsq3I1gI-k-QCiIYjbuRnvwVxJLGTFBGsUcf_oEWzcrW_sMUwYlgCZedn-yh1DbOWZ0Pr8NIdfFQhepSoLoUqC4e6mc81NqXPvj1d4bCqzx4YH8LgEuhzC3UqXHXHPFGKJGeu9dzXQIG-eBYcuQbevl5L38zpd7893zq-PTNzJ98_f2-vnBtY6_bCxGTGHVjRr1uXKvXgw72QnFvGquPbw_V57mYxq8_vVRz-gOrn_c6</recordid><startdate>200911</startdate><enddate>200911</enddate><creator>Scottham, Krista Maywalt</creator><creator>Smalls, Ciara P.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>National Council on Family Relations</general><general>Wiley-Blackwell</general><general>Wiley</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88B</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>88H</scope><scope>88J</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CJNVE</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HEHIP</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>M0P</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2N</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2R</scope><scope>M2S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PQEDU</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200911</creationdate><title>Unpacking Racial Socialization: Considering Female African American Primary Caregivers' Racial Identity</title><author>Scottham, Krista Maywalt ; Smalls, Ciara P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c6746-e271baf176f9783420e08897d3f364f6c34a05d55788382aaf3603de8e2fad373</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>African American Children</topic><topic>African American Culture</topic><topic>African American studies</topic><topic>African Americans</topic><topic>Beliefs</topic><topic>Black communities</topic><topic>Caregivers</topic><topic>Caring</topic><topic>Centrality</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>cluster analysis</topic><topic>Community care</topic><topic>Cultures and civilizations</topic><topic>Ethnic Identity</topic><topic>Ethnic relations. Racism</topic><topic>Families of Color</topic><topic>family diversity</topic><topic>family processes</topic><topic>Family studies</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Group Membership</topic><topic>Group Unity</topic><topic>Identity</topic><topic>Intergroup Relations</topic><topic>Membership</topic><topic>Modeling (Psychology)</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Parent Attitudes</topic><topic>parent-adolescent relations</topic><topic>Parents</topic><topic>Pride</topic><topic>Profiles</topic><topic>Race</topic><topic>Racial Discrimination</topic><topic>Racial Factors</topic><topic>Racial Identification</topic><topic>Racial identity</topic><topic>Self Concept</topic><topic>Social Attitudes</topic><topic>Socialization</topic><topic>Sociology</topic><topic>U.S. families/African American</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Scottham, Krista Maywalt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smalls, Ciara P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Education Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Religion Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Social Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Education Collection</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>Sociology Collection</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Education Database</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Religion Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Social Science Database</collection><collection>Sociology Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Education</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of marriage and family</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Scottham, Krista Maywalt</au><au>Smalls, Ciara P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ860200</ericid><atitle>Unpacking Racial Socialization: Considering Female African American Primary Caregivers' Racial Identity</atitle><jtitle>Journal of marriage and family</jtitle><addtitle>J Marriage Fam</addtitle><date>2009-11</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>71</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>807</spage><epage>818</epage><pages>807-818</pages><issn>0022-2445</issn><eissn>1741-3737</eissn><coden>JMFAA6</coden><abstract>The relationship between female African American primary caregivers' racial identity and their racial socialization emphases was examined. 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| ispartof | Journal of marriage and family, 2009-11, Vol.71 (4), p.807-818 |
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| source | Sociological Abstracts; Access via Wiley Online Library; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; EBSCOhost Education Source |
| subjects | African American Children African American Culture African American studies African Americans Beliefs Black communities Caregivers Caring Centrality Children cluster analysis Community care Cultures and civilizations Ethnic Identity Ethnic relations. Racism Families of Color family diversity family processes Family studies Females Group Membership Group Unity Identity Intergroup Relations Membership Modeling (Psychology) Multivariate Analysis Parent Attitudes parent-adolescent relations Parents Pride Profiles Race Racial Discrimination Racial Factors Racial Identification Racial identity Self Concept Social Attitudes Socialization Sociology U.S. families/African American |
| title | Unpacking Racial Socialization: Considering Female African American Primary Caregivers' Racial Identity |
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