Effectiveness of Hair Bundle Motility as the Cochlear Amplifier
The effectiveness of hair bundle motility in mammalian and avian ears is studied by examining energy balance for a small sinusoidal displacement of the hair bundle. The condition that the energy generated by a hair bundle must be greater than energy loss due to the shear in the subtectorial gap per...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Biophysical journal 2009-11, Vol.97 (10), p.2653-2663 |
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| description | The effectiveness of hair bundle motility in mammalian and avian ears is studied by examining energy balance for a small sinusoidal displacement of the hair bundle. The condition that the energy generated by a hair bundle must be greater than energy loss due to the shear in the subtectorial gap per hair bundle leads to a limiting frequency that can be supported by hair-bundle motility. Limiting frequencies are obtained for two motile mechanisms for fast adaptation, the channel re-closure model and a model that assumes that fast adaptation is an interplay between gating of the channel and the myosin motor. The limiting frequency obtained for each of these models is an increasing function of a factor that is determined by the morphology of hair bundles and the cochlea. Primarily due to the higher density of hair cells in the avian inner ear, this factor is ∼10-fold greater for the avian ear than the mammalian ear, which has much higher auditory frequency limit. This result is consistent with a much greater significance of hair bundle motility in the avian ear than that in the mammalian ear. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.08.039 |
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The condition that the energy generated by a hair bundle must be greater than energy loss due to the shear in the subtectorial gap per hair bundle leads to a limiting frequency that can be supported by hair-bundle motility. Limiting frequencies are obtained for two motile mechanisms for fast adaptation, the channel re-closure model and a model that assumes that fast adaptation is an interplay between gating of the channel and the myosin motor. The limiting frequency obtained for each of these models is an increasing function of a factor that is determined by the morphology of hair bundles and the cochlea. Primarily due to the higher density of hair cells in the avian inner ear, this factor is ∼10-fold greater for the avian ear than the mammalian ear, which has much higher auditory frequency limit. 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The condition that the energy generated by a hair bundle must be greater than energy loss due to the shear in the subtectorial gap per hair bundle leads to a limiting frequency that can be supported by hair-bundle motility. Limiting frequencies are obtained for two motile mechanisms for fast adaptation, the channel re-closure model and a model that assumes that fast adaptation is an interplay between gating of the channel and the myosin motor. The limiting frequency obtained for each of these models is an increasing function of a factor that is determined by the morphology of hair bundles and the cochlea. Primarily due to the higher density of hair cells in the avian inner ear, this factor is ∼10-fold greater for the avian ear than the mammalian ear, which has much higher auditory frequency limit. 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Iwasa, Kuni H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-3f2ed15496581a96a12a78693e97516547faebf432c70a466a9cd29959e8821c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Acoustics</topic><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anura</topic><topic>Biophysical Systems and Multicellular Dynamics</topic><topic>Birds</topic><topic>Bundling</topic><topic>Cells</topic><topic>Channels</topic><topic>Chickens</topic><topic>Chinchilla</topic><topic>Cochlea - cytology</topic><topic>Cochlea - physiology</topic><topic>Constraining</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Ear</topic><topic>Ears & hearing</topic><topic>Elasticity</topic><topic>Gating and risering</topic><topic>Guinea Pigs</topic><topic>Hair</topic><topic>Hair Cells, Auditory - cytology</topic><topic>Hair Cells, Auditory - physiology</topic><topic>Mammals</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Models, Neurological</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Motion</topic><topic>Myosins - metabolism</topic><topic>Species Specificity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sul, Bora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iwasa, Kuni H.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Biophysical journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sul, Bora</au><au>Iwasa, Kuni H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effectiveness of Hair Bundle Motility as the Cochlear Amplifier</atitle><jtitle>Biophysical journal</jtitle><addtitle>Biophys J</addtitle><date>2009-11-15</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>97</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2653</spage><epage>2663</epage><pages>2653-2663</pages><issn>0006-3495</issn><eissn>1542-0086</eissn><abstract>The effectiveness of hair bundle motility in mammalian and avian ears is studied by examining energy balance for a small sinusoidal displacement of the hair bundle. The condition that the energy generated by a hair bundle must be greater than energy loss due to the shear in the subtectorial gap per hair bundle leads to a limiting frequency that can be supported by hair-bundle motility. Limiting frequencies are obtained for two motile mechanisms for fast adaptation, the channel re-closure model and a model that assumes that fast adaptation is an interplay between gating of the channel and the myosin motor. The limiting frequency obtained for each of these models is an increasing function of a factor that is determined by the morphology of hair bundles and the cochlea. Primarily due to the higher density of hair cells in the avian inner ear, this factor is ∼10-fold greater for the avian ear than the mammalian ear, which has much higher auditory frequency limit. 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| subjects | Acoustics Adaptation Algorithms Animals Anura Biophysical Systems and Multicellular Dynamics Birds Bundling Cells Channels Chickens Chinchilla Cochlea - cytology Cochlea - physiology Constraining Density Ear Ears & hearing Elasticity Gating and risering Guinea Pigs Hair Hair Cells, Auditory - cytology Hair Cells, Auditory - physiology Mammals Mathematical models Mice Models, Neurological Morphology Motion Myosins - metabolism Species Specificity |
| title | Effectiveness of Hair Bundle Motility as the Cochlear Amplifier |
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