Inducible shRNA expression for application in a prostate cancer mouse model

RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool to induce loss‐of‐function phenotypes by inhibiting gene expression post‐transcriptionally. Synthetic short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as well as vector‐based siRNA expression systems have been used successfully to silence gene expression in a variety of biological systems. We describe the development of an inducible siRNA expression system that is based on the tetracycline repressor and eukaryotic RNA polymerase III promoters (U6 and 7SK). For proof of concept we selectively inhibited expression of two catalytic subunits of the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI 3‐kinase), p110α and p110β, by using vector‐derived short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). Stable pools of human prostate cancer cells (PC‐3) exhibiting reduced levels of both PI 3‐kinase catalytic subunits due to the expression of corresponding shRNAs in an inducible fashion were established and analyzed for their invasive potential in vitro as well as in an orthotopic metastatic mouse model. This inducible system for RNAi allows an unbiased and comparable analysis of loss‐of‐function phenotypes by comparing selected isogenic cell populations on the induced and non‐induced level. In addition, conditional RNAi allows the study of essential and multifunctional genes involved in complex biological processes by preventing inhibitory and compensatory effects caused by constitutive knockdown.