Sex differences in XIAP cleavage after traumatic brain injury in the rat
Sex influences histological and behavioral outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the underlying sex-dependent pathomechanisms regulating outcome measures remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated the TBI-induced regulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) that,...
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description | Sex influences histological and behavioral outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the underlying sex-dependent pathomechanisms regulating outcome measures remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated the TBI-induced regulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) that, in addition to suppressing cell death by inhibition of caspases, is involved in signaling cascades, including immune regulation and cell migration. Since estrogen has been shown to have anti-apoptotic properties, we specifically examined sex differences and the influence of estrogen on XIAP processing after TBI. Sprague–Dawley male (TBI-M), female (TBI-F), ovariectomized female (TBI-OVX) and ovariectomized females supplemented with estrogen (TBI-OVX
+
EST) were subjected to moderate (1.7–2.2
atm) fluid percussion (FP) injury. Animals were sacrificed 24
h after FP injury; cortical tissue (ipsilateral and contralateral) was dissected and analyzed for XIAP processing by immunoblot analysis (
n
=
6–7/group) or confocal microscopy (
n
=
2–3/group). Significant differences in XIAP cleavage products in the ipsilateral cortex were found between groups (
p
<
0.03). Post hoc analysis showed an increase in XIAP processing in both TBI-F and TBI-OVX
+
EST compared to TBI-M and TBI-OVX (
p
<
0.05), indicating that more XIAP is cleaved following injury in intact females and TBI-OVX
+
EST than in TBI-M and TBI-OVX groups. Co-localization of XIAP within neurons also demonstrated sex-dependent changes. Based on these data, it appears that the processing of XIAP after injury is different between males and females and may be influenced by exogenous estrogen treatment. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.05.071 |
format | Article |
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+
EST) were subjected to moderate (1.7–2.2
atm) fluid percussion (FP) injury. Animals were sacrificed 24
h after FP injury; cortical tissue (ipsilateral and contralateral) was dissected and analyzed for XIAP processing by immunoblot analysis (
n
=
6–7/group) or confocal microscopy (
n
=
2–3/group). Significant differences in XIAP cleavage products in the ipsilateral cortex were found between groups (
p
<
0.03). Post hoc analysis showed an increase in XIAP processing in both TBI-F and TBI-OVX
+
EST compared to TBI-M and TBI-OVX (
p
<
0.05), indicating that more XIAP is cleaved following injury in intact females and TBI-OVX
+
EST than in TBI-M and TBI-OVX groups. Co-localization of XIAP within neurons also demonstrated sex-dependent changes. Based on these data, it appears that the processing of XIAP after injury is different between males and females and may be influenced by exogenous estrogen treatment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0304-3940</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-7972</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.05.071</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19500649</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NELED5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Shannon: Elsevier Ireland Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain Injuries - metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex - metabolism ; Estradiol - blood ; Estradiol - pharmacology ; Estrogens - pharmacology ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Neurons - metabolism ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sex differences ; Sex Factors ; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents ; Traumatic brain injury ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs ; X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis ; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Neuroscience letters, 2009-09, Vol.461 (1), p.49-53</ispartof><rights>2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-6b071b324b062f95d17a8c716633a8e9bf319de17f97c069ce7e63c100a256663</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-6b071b324b062f95d17a8c716633a8e9bf319de17f97c069ce7e63c100a256663</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2009.05.071$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21723230$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19500649$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bramlett, Helen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Furones-Alonso, Ofelia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lotocki, George</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez-Paez, Alejandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanchez-Molano, Juliana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keane, Robert W.</creatorcontrib><title>Sex differences in XIAP cleavage after traumatic brain injury in the rat</title><title>Neuroscience letters</title><addtitle>Neurosci Lett</addtitle><description>Sex influences histological and behavioral outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the underlying sex-dependent pathomechanisms regulating outcome measures remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated the TBI-induced regulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) that, in addition to suppressing cell death by inhibition of caspases, is involved in signaling cascades, including immune regulation and cell migration. Since estrogen has been shown to have anti-apoptotic properties, we specifically examined sex differences and the influence of estrogen on XIAP processing after TBI. Sprague–Dawley male (TBI-M), female (TBI-F), ovariectomized female (TBI-OVX) and ovariectomized females supplemented with estrogen (TBI-OVX
+
EST) were subjected to moderate (1.7–2.2
atm) fluid percussion (FP) injury. Animals were sacrificed 24
h after FP injury; cortical tissue (ipsilateral and contralateral) was dissected and analyzed for XIAP processing by immunoblot analysis (
n
=
6–7/group) or confocal microscopy (
n
=
2–3/group). Significant differences in XIAP cleavage products in the ipsilateral cortex were found between groups (
p
<
0.03). Post hoc analysis showed an increase in XIAP processing in both TBI-F and TBI-OVX
+
EST compared to TBI-M and TBI-OVX (
p
<
0.05), indicating that more XIAP is cleaved following injury in intact females and TBI-OVX
+
EST than in TBI-M and TBI-OVX groups. Co-localization of XIAP within neurons also demonstrated sex-dependent changes. Based on these data, it appears that the processing of XIAP after injury is different between males and females and may be influenced by exogenous estrogen treatment.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain Injuries - metabolism</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - metabolism</subject><subject>Estradiol - blood</subject><subject>Estradiol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Estrogens - pharmacology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluorescent Antibody Technique</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microscopy, Confocal</subject><subject>Neurons - metabolism</subject><subject>Ovariectomy</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Sex differences</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents</subject><subject>Traumatic brain injury</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><subject>X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis</subject><subject>X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein - metabolism</subject><issn>0304-3940</issn><issn>1872-7972</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUFv1DAQhS0EokvhHyCUC9wSxnZiry9IVQW0UiWQAImbNXHGrVfZpNjOqv33eLWrFi5wmoO_efP8HmOvOTQcuHq_aSZaRsqNADANdA1o_oSt-FqLWhstnrIVSGhraVo4YS9S2gBAx7v2OTvhpgNQrVmxi290Vw3Be4o0OUpVmKqfl2dfKzcS7vCaKvSZYpUjLlvMwVV9xMKEabPE-z2db6iKmF-yZx7HRK-O85T9-PTx-_lFffXl8-X52VXtOiFyrfpis5ei7UEJb7qBa1w7zZWSEtdkei-5GYhrb7QDZRxpUtJxABSdKtQp-3DQvV36LQ2OpmJttLcxbDHe2xmD_ftlCjf2et5ZUY5oyYvAu6NAnH8tlLLdhuRoHHGieUlW6VZJzeV_QQG8ZCvbArYH0MU5pUj-wQ0Hu-_KbuyhK7vvykJnSwhl7c2fP3lcOpZTgLdHAJPD0UecXEgPnOBaSCHhMRIque8CRZtc2Lc5hEgu22EO_3byG-Mcs7o</recordid><startdate>20090911</startdate><enddate>20090911</enddate><creator>Bramlett, Helen M.</creator><creator>Furones-Alonso, Ofelia</creator><creator>Lotocki, George</creator><creator>Rodriguez-Paez, Alejandra</creator><creator>Sanchez-Molano, Juliana</creator><creator>Keane, Robert W.</creator><general>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090911</creationdate><title>Sex differences in XIAP cleavage after traumatic brain injury in the rat</title><author>Bramlett, Helen M. ; Furones-Alonso, Ofelia ; Lotocki, George ; Rodriguez-Paez, Alejandra ; Sanchez-Molano, Juliana ; Keane, Robert W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-6b071b324b062f95d17a8c716633a8e9bf319de17f97c069ce7e63c100a256663</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain Injuries - metabolism</topic><topic>Cerebral Cortex - metabolism</topic><topic>Estradiol - blood</topic><topic>Estradiol - pharmacology</topic><topic>Estrogens - pharmacology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluorescent Antibody Technique</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microscopy, Confocal</topic><topic>Neurons - metabolism</topic><topic>Ovariectomy</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Sex differences</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents</topic><topic>Traumatic brain injury</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><topic>X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis</topic><topic>X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bramlett, Helen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Furones-Alonso, Ofelia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lotocki, George</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez-Paez, Alejandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanchez-Molano, Juliana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keane, Robert W.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Neuroscience letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bramlett, Helen M.</au><au>Furones-Alonso, Ofelia</au><au>Lotocki, George</au><au>Rodriguez-Paez, Alejandra</au><au>Sanchez-Molano, Juliana</au><au>Keane, Robert W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sex differences in XIAP cleavage after traumatic brain injury in the rat</atitle><jtitle>Neuroscience letters</jtitle><addtitle>Neurosci Lett</addtitle><date>2009-09-11</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>461</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>49</spage><epage>53</epage><pages>49-53</pages><issn>0304-3940</issn><eissn>1872-7972</eissn><coden>NELED5</coden><abstract>Sex influences histological and behavioral outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the underlying sex-dependent pathomechanisms regulating outcome measures remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated the TBI-induced regulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) that, in addition to suppressing cell death by inhibition of caspases, is involved in signaling cascades, including immune regulation and cell migration. Since estrogen has been shown to have anti-apoptotic properties, we specifically examined sex differences and the influence of estrogen on XIAP processing after TBI. Sprague–Dawley male (TBI-M), female (TBI-F), ovariectomized female (TBI-OVX) and ovariectomized females supplemented with estrogen (TBI-OVX
+
EST) were subjected to moderate (1.7–2.2
atm) fluid percussion (FP) injury. Animals were sacrificed 24
h after FP injury; cortical tissue (ipsilateral and contralateral) was dissected and analyzed for XIAP processing by immunoblot analysis (
n
=
6–7/group) or confocal microscopy (
n
=
2–3/group). Significant differences in XIAP cleavage products in the ipsilateral cortex were found between groups (
p
<
0.03). Post hoc analysis showed an increase in XIAP processing in both TBI-F and TBI-OVX
+
EST compared to TBI-M and TBI-OVX (
p
<
0.05), indicating that more XIAP is cleaved following injury in intact females and TBI-OVX
+
EST than in TBI-M and TBI-OVX groups. Co-localization of XIAP within neurons also demonstrated sex-dependent changes. Based on these data, it appears that the processing of XIAP after injury is different between males and females and may be influenced by exogenous estrogen treatment.</abstract><cop>Shannon</cop><pub>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</pub><pmid>19500649</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.neulet.2009.05.071</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Biological and medical sciences Brain Injuries - metabolism Cerebral Cortex - metabolism Estradiol - blood Estradiol - pharmacology Estrogens - pharmacology Female Fluorescent Antibody Technique Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents Male Medical sciences Microscopy, Confocal Neurons - metabolism Ovariectomy Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Sex differences Sex Factors Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents Traumatic brain injury Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein - metabolism |
title | Sex differences in XIAP cleavage after traumatic brain injury in the rat |
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