Smoking and Cognitive Decline Among Middle-Aged Men and Women: The Doetinchem Cohort Study
We studied the effect of smoking on cognitive decline over a 5-year period at middle age (43 to 70 years). In the Doetinchem Cohort Study, 1964 men and women in the Netherlands were examined for cognitive function at baseline and 5 years later. The association between smoking status and memory funct...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of public health (1971) 2008-12, Vol.98 (12), p.2244-2250 |
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| container_title | American journal of public health (1971) |
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| creator | Nooyens, Astrid C. J van Gelder, Boukje M Verschuren, W. M. Monique |
| description | We studied the effect of smoking on cognitive decline over a 5-year period at middle age (43 to 70 years).
In the Doetinchem Cohort Study, 1964 men and women in the Netherlands were examined for cognitive function at baseline and 5 years later. The association between smoking status and memory function, speed of cognitive processes, cognitive flexibility, and global cognitive function were assessed.
At baseline, smokers scored lower than never smokers in global cognitive function, speed, and flexibility. At 5-year follow-up, decline among smokers was 1.9 times greater for memory function, 2.4 times greater for cognitive flexibility, and 1.7 times greater for global cognitive function than among never smokers. Among ever smokers, the declines in all cognitive domains were larger with increasing number of pack-years smoked.
Interventions to prevent or stop people from smoking may postpone cognitive decline in middle-aged persons. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2105/AJPH.2007.130294 |
| format | Article |
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In the Doetinchem Cohort Study, 1964 men and women in the Netherlands were examined for cognitive function at baseline and 5 years later. The association between smoking status and memory function, speed of cognitive processes, cognitive flexibility, and global cognitive function were assessed.
At baseline, smokers scored lower than never smokers in global cognitive function, speed, and flexibility. At 5-year follow-up, decline among smokers was 1.9 times greater for memory function, 2.4 times greater for cognitive flexibility, and 1.7 times greater for global cognitive function than among never smokers. Among ever smokers, the declines in all cognitive domains were larger with increasing number of pack-years smoked.
Interventions to prevent or stop people from smoking may postpone cognitive decline in middle-aged persons.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-0036</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1541-0048</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.130294</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18923116</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJPEAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: Am Public Health Assoc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Alzheimer's disease ; Animal cognition ; Biological and medical sciences ; Body Mass Index ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognition Disorders - diagnosis ; Cognition Disorders - epidemiology ; Cognition Disorders - etiology ; Cognitive ability ; Cohort analysis ; Color ; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Dementia ; Educational Status ; Exercise ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Flexibility ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Information processing ; Life Style ; Linear Models ; Longitudinal studies ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Memory ; Middle age ; Middle Aged ; Miscellaneous ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Names ; Netherlands - epidemiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Neuropsychology ; Older people ; Processing speed ; Public health ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Research and Practice ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Smoking ; Smoking - adverse effects ; Smoking - epidemiology ; Standard deviation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco, tobacco smoking ; Toxicology ; Urban Population ; Verbal learning ; Vitamin E ; Women</subject><ispartof>American journal of public health (1971), 2008-12, Vol.98 (12), p.2244-2250</ispartof><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Public Health Association Dec 2008</rights><rights>American Public Health Association 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c484t-9a647bd6ea6967509c214ac6a8d4484f68906cb2a2d32857def2e5ea8489a9f43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c484t-9a647bd6ea6967509c214ac6a8d4484f68906cb2a2d32857def2e5ea8489a9f43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636537/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636537/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27843,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21015951$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18923116$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nooyens, Astrid C. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Gelder, Boukje M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verschuren, W. M. Monique</creatorcontrib><title>Smoking and Cognitive Decline Among Middle-Aged Men and Women: The Doetinchem Cohort Study</title><title>American journal of public health (1971)</title><addtitle>Am J Public Health</addtitle><description>We studied the effect of smoking on cognitive decline over a 5-year period at middle age (43 to 70 years).
In the Doetinchem Cohort Study, 1964 men and women in the Netherlands were examined for cognitive function at baseline and 5 years later. The association between smoking status and memory function, speed of cognitive processes, cognitive flexibility, and global cognitive function were assessed.
At baseline, smokers scored lower than never smokers in global cognitive function, speed, and flexibility. At 5-year follow-up, decline among smokers was 1.9 times greater for memory function, 2.4 times greater for cognitive flexibility, and 1.7 times greater for global cognitive function than among never smokers. Among ever smokers, the declines in all cognitive domains were larger with increasing number of pack-years smoked.
Interventions to prevent or stop people from smoking may postpone cognitive decline in middle-aged persons.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Alzheimer's disease</subject><subject>Animal cognition</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - diagnosis</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - etiology</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Color</subject><subject>Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</subject><subject>Dementia</subject><subject>Educational Status</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Feeding Behavior</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Flexibility</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Life Style</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Longitudinal studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Middle age</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>Names</subject><subject>Netherlands - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neuropsychological Tests</subject><subject>Neuropsychology</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Processing speed</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Research and Practice</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - adverse effects</subject><subject>Smoking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Standard deviation</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Tobacco, tobacco smoking</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Urban Population</subject><subject>Verbal learning</subject><subject>Vitamin E</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>0090-0036</issn><issn>1541-0048</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc-LEzEYQIMobq3ePckgKF6mJplMJvEglK66yi4KuyJ4CWnyTSd1JqnJzC7735vasv44JZD3PfLxEHpK8IISXL9efvpytqAYNwtSYSrZPTQjNSMlxkzcRzOMJc73ip-gRyltMSZE1uQhOiFC0ooQPkPfL4fww_lNob0tVmHj3eiuoTgF0zsPxXII-e3CWdtDudyALS7A_2a_hQH8m-Kqy3CA0XnTwZANXYhjcTlO9vYxetDqPsGT4zlHX9-_u1qdleefP3xcLc9LwwQbS6k5a9aWg-aSNzWWhhKmDdfCsgy0XEjMzZpqaisq6sZCS6EGLZiQWrasmqO3B-9uWg9gDfgx6l7toht0vFVBO_Xvi3ed2oRrRXnF66rJgpdHQQw_J0ijGlwy0PfaQ5iS4rJpqobJDD7_D9yGKfq8nKKkxkKy7JsjfIBMDClFaO9-QrDaV1P7ampfTR2q5ZFnf2_wZ-CYKQMvjoBORvdt1N64dMdlK6lz2cy9OnCd23Q3LoJKg-77rCVKb3edFIpQRSlj1S8n1Kx6</recordid><startdate>20081201</startdate><enddate>20081201</enddate><creator>Nooyens, Astrid C. 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Monique</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c484t-9a647bd6ea6967509c214ac6a8d4484f68906cb2a2d32857def2e5ea8489a9f43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Alzheimer's disease</topic><topic>Animal cognition</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - diagnosis</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - etiology</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Color</topic><topic>Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</topic><topic>Dementia</topic><topic>Educational Status</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Feeding Behavior</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Flexibility</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Information processing</topic><topic>Life Style</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Longitudinal studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Memory</topic><topic>Middle age</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Names</topic><topic>Netherlands - epidemiology</topic><topic>Neuropsychological Tests</topic><topic>Neuropsychology</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Processing speed</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Public health. 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J</au><au>van Gelder, Boukje M</au><au>Verschuren, W. M. Monique</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Smoking and Cognitive Decline Among Middle-Aged Men and Women: The Doetinchem Cohort Study</atitle><jtitle>American journal of public health (1971)</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Public Health</addtitle><date>2008-12-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>98</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>2244</spage><epage>2250</epage><pages>2244-2250</pages><issn>0090-0036</issn><eissn>1541-0048</eissn><coden>AJPEAG</coden><abstract>We studied the effect of smoking on cognitive decline over a 5-year period at middle age (43 to 70 years).
In the Doetinchem Cohort Study, 1964 men and women in the Netherlands were examined for cognitive function at baseline and 5 years later. The association between smoking status and memory function, speed of cognitive processes, cognitive flexibility, and global cognitive function were assessed.
At baseline, smokers scored lower than never smokers in global cognitive function, speed, and flexibility. At 5-year follow-up, decline among smokers was 1.9 times greater for memory function, 2.4 times greater for cognitive flexibility, and 1.7 times greater for global cognitive function than among never smokers. Among ever smokers, the declines in all cognitive domains were larger with increasing number of pack-years smoked.
Interventions to prevent or stop people from smoking may postpone cognitive decline in middle-aged persons.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Am Public Health Assoc</pub><pmid>18923116</pmid><doi>10.2105/AJPH.2007.130294</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; PAIS Index; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; EBSCOhost Business Source Complete |
| subjects | Adult Aged Alzheimer's disease Animal cognition Biological and medical sciences Body Mass Index Cognition & reasoning Cognition Disorders - diagnosis Cognition Disorders - epidemiology Cognition Disorders - etiology Cognitive ability Cohort analysis Color Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) Dementia Educational Status Exercise Feeding Behavior Female Flexibility Follow-Up Studies Humans Information processing Life Style Linear Models Longitudinal studies Male Medical sciences Memory Middle age Middle Aged Miscellaneous Mortality Multivariate Analysis Names Netherlands - epidemiology Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychology Older people Processing speed Public health Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Research and Practice Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Smoking Smoking - adverse effects Smoking - epidemiology Standard deviation Surveys and Questionnaires Tobacco, tobacco smoking Toxicology Urban Population Verbal learning Vitamin E Women |
| title | Smoking and Cognitive Decline Among Middle-Aged Men and Women: The Doetinchem Cohort Study |
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