Factors Associated with Cross-Contamination of Hides of Scottish Cattle by Escherichia coli O157
The putative source of hide contamination for 236 cattle in Scotland followed from the farm through to slaughter was determined using phage and verocytotoxin type data. The majority of cattle (84%) were found to have subtypes of Escherichia coli O157 on their hide that had not been found previously...
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| creator | Mather, A.E Reid, S.W.J McEwen, S.A Ternent, H.E Reid-Smith, R.J Boerlin, P Taylor, D.J Steele, W.B Gunn, G.J Mellor, D.J |
| description | The putative source of hide contamination for 236 cattle in Scotland followed from the farm through to slaughter was determined using phage and verocytotoxin type data. The majority of cattle (84%) were found to have subtypes of Escherichia coli O157 on their hide that had not been found previously in any animal from the farm of origin, strongly suggesting that contamination occurred once animals had left the farm of origin. Using logistic regression analysis, several variables and factors were found to be strongly associated (P < 0.01) with cross-contamination of cattle hides at the univariate level; commercial transport to slaughter, transport with other animals, use of a crush, line automation, and increasing slaughterhouse throughput were all risk factors, while feeding hay in lairage, processing an animal earlier in a slaughter cohort, and cleaning the landing area poststunning were protective. In the multivariable model, with the slaughterhouse and the farm group included as random effects, factors associated with the cross-contamination of cattle hides were identified. Transport to the slaughterhouse by a commercial hauler had a borderline-significant association with increased odds of an animal having a cross-contaminated hide (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 5.7 [0.99, 33.0]; P = 0.05). At the slaughterhouse, providing hay to cattle waiting in lairage (OR [95% CI] = 0.04 [ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1128/AEM.00770-08 |
| format | Article |
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The majority of cattle (84%) were found to have subtypes of Escherichia coli O157 on their hide that had not been found previously in any animal from the farm of origin, strongly suggesting that contamination occurred once animals had left the farm of origin. Using logistic regression analysis, several variables and factors were found to be strongly associated (P < 0.01) with cross-contamination of cattle hides at the univariate level; commercial transport to slaughter, transport with other animals, use of a crush, line automation, and increasing slaughterhouse throughput were all risk factors, while feeding hay in lairage, processing an animal earlier in a slaughter cohort, and cleaning the landing area poststunning were protective. In the multivariable model, with the slaughterhouse and the farm group included as random effects, factors associated with the cross-contamination of cattle hides were identified. Transport to the slaughterhouse by a commercial hauler had a borderline-significant association with increased odds of an animal having a cross-contaminated hide (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 5.7 [0.99, 33.0]; P = 0.05). At the slaughterhouse, providing hay to cattle waiting in lairage (OR [95% CI] = 0.04 [<0.01, 1.04]; P = 0.05) and cleaning the landing area (OR [95% CI] = 0.03 [<0.01, 1.15,]; P = 0.06) also had a borderline-significant association with decreased odds of an animal having a cross-contaminated hide. Although the prevalence of carcass contamination remains very low, targeted intervention at the preslaughter stage may have the potential to reduce further the risk to public health.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0099-2240</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-5336</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-6596</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00770-08</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18723662</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AEMIDF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology</publisher><subject>Abattoirs ; Animals ; Automation ; Bacteriophage Typing ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cattle ; Contamination ; E coli ; Escherichia coli ; Escherichia coli Infections - etiology ; Escherichia coli Infections - veterinary ; Escherichia coli O157 - classification ; Escherichia coli O157 - isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli O157 - metabolism ; Food Contamination ; Food Microbiology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Microbiology ; Public health ; Public Health Microbiology ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Scotland ; Shiga Toxins - biosynthesis ; Skin - microbiology</subject><ispartof>Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2008-10, Vol.74 (20), p.6313-6319</ispartof><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Society for Microbiology Oct 2008</rights><rights>Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c521t-2ab66c7fe5ecd40644563df27b8c02479ff6cf96f4f134a965d1c25b5a58fe3d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c521t-2ab66c7fe5ecd40644563df27b8c02479ff6cf96f4f134a965d1c25b5a58fe3d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2570309/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2570309/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,3175,3176,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20792085$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18723662$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mather, A.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reid, S.W.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McEwen, S.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ternent, H.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reid-Smith, R.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boerlin, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taylor, D.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steele, W.B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gunn, G.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mellor, D.J</creatorcontrib><title>Factors Associated with Cross-Contamination of Hides of Scottish Cattle by Escherichia coli O157</title><title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title><addtitle>Appl Environ Microbiol</addtitle><description>The putative source of hide contamination for 236 cattle in Scotland followed from the farm through to slaughter was determined using phage and verocytotoxin type data. The majority of cattle (84%) were found to have subtypes of Escherichia coli O157 on their hide that had not been found previously in any animal from the farm of origin, strongly suggesting that contamination occurred once animals had left the farm of origin. Using logistic regression analysis, several variables and factors were found to be strongly associated (P < 0.01) with cross-contamination of cattle hides at the univariate level; commercial transport to slaughter, transport with other animals, use of a crush, line automation, and increasing slaughterhouse throughput were all risk factors, while feeding hay in lairage, processing an animal earlier in a slaughter cohort, and cleaning the landing area poststunning were protective. In the multivariable model, with the slaughterhouse and the farm group included as random effects, factors associated with the cross-contamination of cattle hides were identified. Transport to the slaughterhouse by a commercial hauler had a borderline-significant association with increased odds of an animal having a cross-contaminated hide (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 5.7 [0.99, 33.0]; P = 0.05). At the slaughterhouse, providing hay to cattle waiting in lairage (OR [95% CI] = 0.04 [<0.01, 1.04]; P = 0.05) and cleaning the landing area (OR [95% CI] = 0.03 [<0.01, 1.15,]; P = 0.06) also had a borderline-significant association with decreased odds of an animal having a cross-contaminated hide. Although the prevalence of carcass contamination remains very low, targeted intervention at the preslaughter stage may have the potential to reduce further the risk to public health.</description><subject>Abattoirs</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Automation</subject><subject>Bacteriophage Typing</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli Infections - etiology</subject><subject>Escherichia coli Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Escherichia coli O157 - classification</subject><subject>Escherichia coli O157 - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Escherichia coli O157 - metabolism</subject><subject>Food Contamination</subject><subject>Food Microbiology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Public Health Microbiology</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Scotland</subject><subject>Shiga Toxins - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Skin - microbiology</subject><issn>0099-2240</issn><issn>1098-5336</issn><issn>1098-6596</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpd0cFv0zAYBfAIgdgY3DhDhAQnMj7bsR1fkKqqY0hDO4ydzVfHbjwl8bBdpv33uLTagFMs5aenZ7-qek3glBDafVqsvp0CSAkNdE-qYwKqazhj4ml1DKBUQ2kLR9WLlG4AoAXRPa-OSCcpE4IeVz_O0OQQU71IKRiP2fb1nc9DvYwhpWYZ5oyTnzH7MNfB1ee-t2l3uDIhZ58KxJxHW6_v61Uyg43eDB5rE0ZfXxIuX1bPHI7Jvjp8T6rrs9X35Xlzcfnl63Jx0RhOSW4oroUw0lluTV9ati0XrHdUrjsDtJXKOWGcEq51hLWoBO-JoXzNkXfOsp6dVJ_3ubfb9WR7Y-cccdS30U8Y73VAr__9M_tBb8IvTbkEBqoEfDgExPBza1PWk0_GjiPONmyTpqRVwNuuwHf_wZuwjXO5nKbAlVCcyII-7pHZvWO07qEJAb3bTZfd9J_dNOwy3_zd_hEfhirg_QFgMji6iLPx6cFRkIpCxx_LDX4z3PloNaZJo520bIvSghFW0Ns9chg0bmIJur6iQBgQzglRwH4DUB60dQ</recordid><startdate>20081001</startdate><enddate>20081001</enddate><creator>Mather, A.E</creator><creator>Reid, S.W.J</creator><creator>McEwen, S.A</creator><creator>Ternent, H.E</creator><creator>Reid-Smith, R.J</creator><creator>Boerlin, P</creator><creator>Taylor, D.J</creator><creator>Steele, W.B</creator><creator>Gunn, G.J</creator><creator>Mellor, D.J</creator><general>American Society for Microbiology</general><general>American Society for Microbiology (ASM)</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20081001</creationdate><title>Factors Associated with Cross-Contamination of Hides of Scottish Cattle by Escherichia coli O157</title><author>Mather, A.E ; Reid, S.W.J ; McEwen, S.A ; Ternent, H.E ; Reid-Smith, R.J ; Boerlin, P ; Taylor, D.J ; Steele, W.B ; Gunn, G.J ; Mellor, D.J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c521t-2ab66c7fe5ecd40644563df27b8c02479ff6cf96f4f134a965d1c25b5a58fe3d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Abattoirs</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Automation</topic><topic>Bacteriophage Typing</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Escherichia coli Infections - etiology</topic><topic>Escherichia coli Infections - veterinary</topic><topic>Escherichia coli O157 - classification</topic><topic>Escherichia coli O157 - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Escherichia coli O157 - metabolism</topic><topic>Food Contamination</topic><topic>Food Microbiology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Public Health Microbiology</topic><topic>Regression Analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Scotland</topic><topic>Shiga Toxins - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Skin - microbiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mather, A.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reid, S.W.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McEwen, S.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ternent, H.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reid-Smith, R.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boerlin, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taylor, D.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steele, W.B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gunn, G.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mellor, D.J</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mather, A.E</au><au>Reid, S.W.J</au><au>McEwen, S.A</au><au>Ternent, H.E</au><au>Reid-Smith, R.J</au><au>Boerlin, P</au><au>Taylor, D.J</au><au>Steele, W.B</au><au>Gunn, G.J</au><au>Mellor, D.J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Factors Associated with Cross-Contamination of Hides of Scottish Cattle by Escherichia coli O157</atitle><jtitle>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>Appl Environ Microbiol</addtitle><date>2008-10-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>20</issue><spage>6313</spage><epage>6319</epage><pages>6313-6319</pages><issn>0099-2240</issn><eissn>1098-5336</eissn><eissn>1098-6596</eissn><coden>AEMIDF</coden><abstract>The putative source of hide contamination for 236 cattle in Scotland followed from the farm through to slaughter was determined using phage and verocytotoxin type data. The majority of cattle (84%) were found to have subtypes of Escherichia coli O157 on their hide that had not been found previously in any animal from the farm of origin, strongly suggesting that contamination occurred once animals had left the farm of origin. Using logistic regression analysis, several variables and factors were found to be strongly associated (P < 0.01) with cross-contamination of cattle hides at the univariate level; commercial transport to slaughter, transport with other animals, use of a crush, line automation, and increasing slaughterhouse throughput were all risk factors, while feeding hay in lairage, processing an animal earlier in a slaughter cohort, and cleaning the landing area poststunning were protective. In the multivariable model, with the slaughterhouse and the farm group included as random effects, factors associated with the cross-contamination of cattle hides were identified. Transport to the slaughterhouse by a commercial hauler had a borderline-significant association with increased odds of an animal having a cross-contaminated hide (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 5.7 [0.99, 33.0]; P = 0.05). At the slaughterhouse, providing hay to cattle waiting in lairage (OR [95% CI] = 0.04 [<0.01, 1.04]; P = 0.05) and cleaning the landing area (OR [95% CI] = 0.03 [<0.01, 1.15,]; P = 0.06) also had a borderline-significant association with decreased odds of an animal having a cross-contaminated hide. Although the prevalence of carcass contamination remains very low, targeted intervention at the preslaughter stage may have the potential to reduce further the risk to public health.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Society for Microbiology</pub><pmid>18723662</pmid><doi>10.1128/AEM.00770-08</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abattoirs Animals Automation Bacteriophage Typing Biological and medical sciences Cattle Contamination E coli Escherichia coli Escherichia coli Infections - etiology Escherichia coli Infections - veterinary Escherichia coli O157 - classification Escherichia coli O157 - isolation & purification Escherichia coli O157 - metabolism Food Contamination Food Microbiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Microbiology Public health Public Health Microbiology Regression Analysis Risk Factors Scotland Shiga Toxins - biosynthesis Skin - microbiology |
| title | Factors Associated with Cross-Contamination of Hides of Scottish Cattle by Escherichia coli O157 |
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