The pallial basal ganglia pathway modulates the behaviorally driven gene expression of the motor pathway
The discrete neural network for songbird vocal communication provides an effective system to study neural mechanisms of learned motor behaviors in vertebrates. This system consists of two pathways − a vocal motor pathway used to produce learned vocalizations and a vocal pallial basal ganglia loop us...
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description | The discrete neural network for songbird vocal communication provides an effective system to study neural mechanisms of learned motor behaviors in vertebrates. This system consists of two pathways − a vocal motor pathway used to produce learned vocalizations and a vocal pallial basal ganglia loop used to learn and modify the vocalizations. However, it is not clear how the loop exerts control over the motor pathway. To study the mechanism, we used expression of the neural activity‐induced gene ZENK (or egr‐1), which shows singing‐regulated expression in a social context‐dependent manner: high levels in both pathways when singing undirected and low levels in the lateral part of the loop and in the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) of the motor pathway when singing directed to another animal. Here, we show that there are two parallel interactive parts within the pallial basal ganglia loop, lateral and medial, which modulate singing‐driven ZENK expression of the motor pathway nuclei RA and HVC, respectively. Within the loop, the striatal and pallial nuclei appear to have opposing roles; the striatal vocal nucleus lateral AreaX is required for high ZENK expression in its downstream nuclei, particularly during undirected singing, while the pallial vocal lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium is required for lower expression, particularly during directed singing. These results suggest a dynamic molecular interaction between the basal ganglia pathway and the motor pathway during production of a learned motor behavior. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05368.x |
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This system consists of two pathways − a vocal motor pathway used to produce learned vocalizations and a vocal pallial basal ganglia loop used to learn and modify the vocalizations. However, it is not clear how the loop exerts control over the motor pathway. To study the mechanism, we used expression of the neural activity‐induced gene ZENK (or egr‐1), which shows singing‐regulated expression in a social context‐dependent manner: high levels in both pathways when singing undirected and low levels in the lateral part of the loop and in the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) of the motor pathway when singing directed to another animal. Here, we show that there are two parallel interactive parts within the pallial basal ganglia loop, lateral and medial, which modulate singing‐driven ZENK expression of the motor pathway nuclei RA and HVC, respectively. Within the loop, the striatal and pallial nuclei appear to have opposing roles; the striatal vocal nucleus lateral AreaX is required for high ZENK expression in its downstream nuclei, particularly during undirected singing, while the pallial vocal lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium is required for lower expression, particularly during directed singing. These results suggest a dynamic molecular interaction between the basal ganglia pathway and the motor pathway during production of a learned motor behavior.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0953-816X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-9568</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05368.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17419760</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Basal Ganglia - anatomy & histology ; Basal Ganglia - pathology ; Basal Ganglia - physiology ; Early Growth Response Protein 1 - genetics ; Early Growth Response Protein 1 - metabolism ; Efferent Pathways - anatomy & histology ; Efferent Pathways - pathology ; Efferent Pathways - physiology ; Finches ; Fluorescent Dyes - metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; immediate-early gene ; Male ; motor-driven gene expression ; Regression Analysis ; song ; Vocalization, Animal - physiology ; zebra finch ; ZENK</subject><ispartof>The European journal of neuroscience, 2007-04, Vol.25 (7), p.2145-2160</ispartof><rights>The Authors (2007). 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This system consists of two pathways − a vocal motor pathway used to produce learned vocalizations and a vocal pallial basal ganglia loop used to learn and modify the vocalizations. However, it is not clear how the loop exerts control over the motor pathway. To study the mechanism, we used expression of the neural activity‐induced gene ZENK (or egr‐1), which shows singing‐regulated expression in a social context‐dependent manner: high levels in both pathways when singing undirected and low levels in the lateral part of the loop and in the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) of the motor pathway when singing directed to another animal. Here, we show that there are two parallel interactive parts within the pallial basal ganglia loop, lateral and medial, which modulate singing‐driven ZENK expression of the motor pathway nuclei RA and HVC, respectively. Within the loop, the striatal and pallial nuclei appear to have opposing roles; the striatal vocal nucleus lateral AreaX is required for high ZENK expression in its downstream nuclei, particularly during undirected singing, while the pallial vocal lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium is required for lower expression, particularly during directed singing. These results suggest a dynamic molecular interaction between the basal ganglia pathway and the motor pathway during production of a learned motor behavior.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Basal Ganglia - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Basal Ganglia - pathology</subject><subject>Basal Ganglia - physiology</subject><subject>Early Growth Response Protein 1 - genetics</subject><subject>Early Growth Response Protein 1 - metabolism</subject><subject>Efferent Pathways - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Efferent Pathways - pathology</subject><subject>Efferent Pathways - physiology</subject><subject>Finches</subject><subject>Fluorescent Dyes - metabolism</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation</subject><subject>immediate-early gene</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>motor-driven gene expression</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>song</subject><subject>Vocalization, Animal - physiology</subject><subject>zebra finch</subject><subject>ZENK</subject><issn>0953-816X</issn><issn>1460-9568</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU-P0zAQxS0EYsvCV0A5cUuxnfhPDiChaimg1YJ2F8Ft5CSTxiWJu3babb897rYUOIEP9tjze09jPUISRqcsrtfLKcslTQsh9ZRTqqZUZLHcPiKTU-MxmdBCZKlm8vsZeRbCklKqZS6ekjOmclYoSSekvW0xWZmus6ZLShPivjDDIl7j69jem13Su3rdmRFDMka2xNZsrPNRsktqbzc4JAscMMHtymMI1g2Jax7Q3o3O_7J5Tp40pgv44niek6_vL25nH9LLz_OPs3eXaSVyplOta6oYUiWNrPNaFoqVPMeKVrJRAktdFKY0tNFCFEygrmQEGpZzoajmtc7OyduD72pd9lhXOIxxVlh52xu_A2cs_N0ZbAsLtwEuJOOiiAavjgbe3a0xjNDbUGHXmQHdOoCimdY55_8EORWcS5ZFUB_AyrsQPDanaRiFfZ6whH1ssI8N9nnCQ56wjdKXf_7mt_AYYATeHIB72-Huv43h4tPVvor69KC3YcTtSW_8D5AqUwK-Xc3henbzZX6dSbjJfgIFmsBm</recordid><startdate>200704</startdate><enddate>200704</enddate><creator>Kubikova, Lubica</creator><creator>Turner, Elena A.</creator><creator>Jarvis, Erich D.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200704</creationdate><title>The pallial basal ganglia pathway modulates the behaviorally driven gene expression of the motor pathway</title><author>Kubikova, Lubica ; Turner, Elena A. ; Jarvis, Erich D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5418-88d071e076a6d4d6971b24ec0c6f75eb899aba0f855915e8c671bf14257082d83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Basal Ganglia - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Basal Ganglia - pathology</topic><topic>Basal Ganglia - physiology</topic><topic>Early Growth Response Protein 1 - genetics</topic><topic>Early Growth Response Protein 1 - metabolism</topic><topic>Efferent Pathways - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Efferent Pathways - pathology</topic><topic>Efferent Pathways - physiology</topic><topic>Finches</topic><topic>Fluorescent Dyes - metabolism</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation</topic><topic>immediate-early gene</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>motor-driven gene expression</topic><topic>Regression Analysis</topic><topic>song</topic><topic>Vocalization, Animal - physiology</topic><topic>zebra finch</topic><topic>ZENK</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kubikova, Lubica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, Elena A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jarvis, Erich D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The European journal of neuroscience</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kubikova, Lubica</au><au>Turner, Elena A.</au><au>Jarvis, Erich D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The pallial basal ganglia pathway modulates the behaviorally driven gene expression of the motor pathway</atitle><jtitle>The European journal of neuroscience</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Neurosci</addtitle><date>2007-04</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>2145</spage><epage>2160</epage><pages>2145-2160</pages><issn>0953-816X</issn><eissn>1460-9568</eissn><abstract>The discrete neural network for songbird vocal communication provides an effective system to study neural mechanisms of learned motor behaviors in vertebrates. This system consists of two pathways − a vocal motor pathway used to produce learned vocalizations and a vocal pallial basal ganglia loop used to learn and modify the vocalizations. However, it is not clear how the loop exerts control over the motor pathway. To study the mechanism, we used expression of the neural activity‐induced gene ZENK (or egr‐1), which shows singing‐regulated expression in a social context‐dependent manner: high levels in both pathways when singing undirected and low levels in the lateral part of the loop and in the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) of the motor pathway when singing directed to another animal. Here, we show that there are two parallel interactive parts within the pallial basal ganglia loop, lateral and medial, which modulate singing‐driven ZENK expression of the motor pathway nuclei RA and HVC, respectively. Within the loop, the striatal and pallial nuclei appear to have opposing roles; the striatal vocal nucleus lateral AreaX is required for high ZENK expression in its downstream nuclei, particularly during undirected singing, while the pallial vocal lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium is required for lower expression, particularly during directed singing. These results suggest a dynamic molecular interaction between the basal ganglia pathway and the motor pathway during production of a learned motor behavior.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>17419760</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05368.x</doi><tpages>16</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Basal Ganglia - anatomy & histology Basal Ganglia - pathology Basal Ganglia - physiology Early Growth Response Protein 1 - genetics Early Growth Response Protein 1 - metabolism Efferent Pathways - anatomy & histology Efferent Pathways - pathology Efferent Pathways - physiology Finches Fluorescent Dyes - metabolism Gene Expression Regulation immediate-early gene Male motor-driven gene expression Regression Analysis song Vocalization, Animal - physiology zebra finch ZENK |
title | The pallial basal ganglia pathway modulates the behaviorally driven gene expression of the motor pathway |
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