Harassment in workplace among school teachers: development of a survey
To develop a questionnaire on harassment in the workplace among teachers at primary and secondary schools. We analyzed the existing questionnaires on harassment in the workplace and developed a new one was to specifically address harassment of teachers in the public education sector. The questionnai...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Croatian medical journal 2008-08, Vol.49 (4), p.545-552 |
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| creator | Russo, Andrea Milić, Ranko Knezević, Bojana Mulić, Rosanda Mustajbegović, Jadranka |
| description | To develop a questionnaire on harassment in the workplace among teachers at primary and secondary schools.
We analyzed the existing questionnaires on harassment in the workplace and developed a new one was to specifically address harassment of teachers in the public education sector. The questionnaire was then experimentally applied to a sample of 764 primary and secondary school teachers in Split Dalmatia County, Croatia. It included three scales -exposure to harassment, witnessing harassment, and disturbance by harassment. Validity of the three scales was examined by factor analysis.
All three scales showed satisfactory metric characteristics: Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.93 for exposure scale, 0.95 for witnessing scale, and 0.97 for disturbance scale. Out of 764 teachers surveyed, 164 (22.4%) were exposed to and 192 (31.7%) witnessed different kinds of harassment in the previous 12 months. There were significantly more of those who experienced harassment as witnesses (chi(2)(1)=249.301; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3325/cmj.2008.4.545 |
| format | Article |
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We analyzed the existing questionnaires on harassment in the workplace and developed a new one was to specifically address harassment of teachers in the public education sector. The questionnaire was then experimentally applied to a sample of 764 primary and secondary school teachers in Split Dalmatia County, Croatia. It included three scales -exposure to harassment, witnessing harassment, and disturbance by harassment. Validity of the three scales was examined by factor analysis.
All three scales showed satisfactory metric characteristics: Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.93 for exposure scale, 0.95 for witnessing scale, and 0.97 for disturbance scale. Out of 764 teachers surveyed, 164 (22.4%) were exposed to and 192 (31.7%) witnessed different kinds of harassment in the previous 12 months. There were significantly more of those who experienced harassment as witnesses (chi(2)(1)=249.301; P<0.001) than as direct victims. Eighty-six teachers (11.5%) reported having psychological and 76 (10.1%) physical health problems caused by their work. Exclusion as a consequence of harassment disturbed women more than men (chi(2)(1)=5.27; P=0.022). Those who were exposed to harassment had significantly lower median age (42; range 23-68) than those who were not exposed (45; range 23-65) (U=31401.50; z=2.129; P=0.033).
The questionnaire registered wide spectrum of harassment types, indicating the need for continuous monitoring and systematic work on the prevention of these phenomena. The study showed that exposure to harassment is associated with age, indicating that younger teachers should be the target population for detection and prevention of workplace harassment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0353-9504</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1332-8166</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2008.4.545</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18717002</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Croatia: Sveuciliste U Zagrebu</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Crimes against ; Croatia ; Data Collection ; Female ; Harassment (Law) ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pilot Projects ; Prevention ; Psychometrics ; Public Health ; Questionnaires ; Schools ; Sexual Harassment - psychology ; Social Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teachers ; Teaching ; Workplace - psychology</subject><ispartof>Croatian medical journal, 2008-08, Vol.49 (4), p.545-552</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2008 Sveuciliste U Zagrebu</rights><rights>Copyright © 2008 by the Croatian Medical Journal. All rights reserved. 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c486t-9eb2b74fc7205ae23b6228ec2b2eda9dbe5b287afc40f6b337edee9398c0f26f3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2525820/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2525820/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27903,27904,53769,53771</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18717002$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Russo, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milić, Ranko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knezević, Bojana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mulić, Rosanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mustajbegović, Jadranka</creatorcontrib><title>Harassment in workplace among school teachers: development of a survey</title><title>Croatian medical journal</title><addtitle>Croat Med J</addtitle><description>To develop a questionnaire on harassment in the workplace among teachers at primary and secondary schools.
We analyzed the existing questionnaires on harassment in the workplace and developed a new one was to specifically address harassment of teachers in the public education sector. The questionnaire was then experimentally applied to a sample of 764 primary and secondary school teachers in Split Dalmatia County, Croatia. It included three scales -exposure to harassment, witnessing harassment, and disturbance by harassment. Validity of the three scales was examined by factor analysis.
All three scales showed satisfactory metric characteristics: Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.93 for exposure scale, 0.95 for witnessing scale, and 0.97 for disturbance scale. Out of 764 teachers surveyed, 164 (22.4%) were exposed to and 192 (31.7%) witnessed different kinds of harassment in the previous 12 months. There were significantly more of those who experienced harassment as witnesses (chi(2)(1)=249.301; P<0.001) than as direct victims. Eighty-six teachers (11.5%) reported having psychological and 76 (10.1%) physical health problems caused by their work. Exclusion as a consequence of harassment disturbed women more than men (chi(2)(1)=5.27; P=0.022). Those who were exposed to harassment had significantly lower median age (42; range 23-68) than those who were not exposed (45; range 23-65) (U=31401.50; z=2.129; P=0.033).
The questionnaire registered wide spectrum of harassment types, indicating the need for continuous monitoring and systematic work on the prevention of these phenomena. The study showed that exposure to harassment is associated with age, indicating that younger teachers should be the target population for detection and prevention of workplace harassment.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Crimes against</subject><subject>Croatia</subject><subject>Data Collection</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Harassment (Law)</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Pilot Projects</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Psychometrics</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Schools</subject><subject>Sexual Harassment - psychology</subject><subject>Social Behavior</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Teachers</subject><subject>Teaching</subject><subject>Workplace - psychology</subject><issn>0353-9504</issn><issn>1332-8166</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNptkUtr3DAUhUVJaCZpt10WQyA7u7JelrsohNAkhUA27VrI8tVYqWxNJXtC_n00zZAHBC2Err5zkM5B6EuNK0oJ_2bGu4pgLCtWccY_oFWdx6WshThAK0w5LVuO2RE6TukOY4IZEx_RUS2busnHFbq81lGnNMI0F24q7kP8u_HaQKHHMK2LZIYQfDGDNgPE9L3oYQs-bP7zwRa6SEvcwsMndGi1T_B5v5-gP5c_f19clze3V78uzm9Kw6SYyxY60jXMmoZgroHQThAiwZCOQK_bvgPeEdloaxi2oqO0gR6gpa002BJh6Qn68eS7WboRepOfEbVXm-hGHR9U0E69vZncoNZhqwgnXBKcDc72BjH8WyDNanTJgPd6grAkJdqckJAkg6dP4Fp7UG6yIfuZHazOc3wtbgnbUdU7VF49jM6ECazL8zeCs1eCAbSfhxT8MrswpXedTQwpRbDPn6yx2lWvcvVqV71iKlefBV9fR_OC77umjxBzqlI</recordid><startdate>200808</startdate><enddate>200808</enddate><creator>Russo, Andrea</creator><creator>Milić, Ranko</creator><creator>Knezević, Bojana</creator><creator>Mulić, Rosanda</creator><creator>Mustajbegović, Jadranka</creator><general>Sveuciliste U Zagrebu</general><general>Croatian Medical Schools</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200808</creationdate><title>Harassment in workplace among school teachers: development of a survey</title><author>Russo, Andrea ; Milić, Ranko ; Knezević, Bojana ; Mulić, Rosanda ; Mustajbegović, Jadranka</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c486t-9eb2b74fc7205ae23b6228ec2b2eda9dbe5b287afc40f6b337edee9398c0f26f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Crimes against</topic><topic>Croatia</topic><topic>Data Collection</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Harassment (Law)</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Pilot Projects</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Psychometrics</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Schools</topic><topic>Sexual Harassment - psychology</topic><topic>Social Behavior</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Teachers</topic><topic>Teaching</topic><topic>Workplace - psychology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Russo, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milić, Ranko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knezević, Bojana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mulić, Rosanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mustajbegović, Jadranka</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Croatian medical journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Russo, Andrea</au><au>Milić, Ranko</au><au>Knezević, Bojana</au><au>Mulić, Rosanda</au><au>Mustajbegović, Jadranka</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Harassment in workplace among school teachers: development of a survey</atitle><jtitle>Croatian medical journal</jtitle><addtitle>Croat Med J</addtitle><date>2008-08</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>545</spage><epage>552</epage><pages>545-552</pages><issn>0353-9504</issn><eissn>1332-8166</eissn><abstract>To develop a questionnaire on harassment in the workplace among teachers at primary and secondary schools.
We analyzed the existing questionnaires on harassment in the workplace and developed a new one was to specifically address harassment of teachers in the public education sector. The questionnaire was then experimentally applied to a sample of 764 primary and secondary school teachers in Split Dalmatia County, Croatia. It included three scales -exposure to harassment, witnessing harassment, and disturbance by harassment. Validity of the three scales was examined by factor analysis.
All three scales showed satisfactory metric characteristics: Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.93 for exposure scale, 0.95 for witnessing scale, and 0.97 for disturbance scale. Out of 764 teachers surveyed, 164 (22.4%) were exposed to and 192 (31.7%) witnessed different kinds of harassment in the previous 12 months. There were significantly more of those who experienced harassment as witnesses (chi(2)(1)=249.301; P<0.001) than as direct victims. Eighty-six teachers (11.5%) reported having psychological and 76 (10.1%) physical health problems caused by their work. Exclusion as a consequence of harassment disturbed women more than men (chi(2)(1)=5.27; P=0.022). Those who were exposed to harassment had significantly lower median age (42; range 23-68) than those who were not exposed (45; range 23-65) (U=31401.50; z=2.129; P=0.033).
The questionnaire registered wide spectrum of harassment types, indicating the need for continuous monitoring and systematic work on the prevention of these phenomena. The study showed that exposure to harassment is associated with age, indicating that younger teachers should be the target population for detection and prevention of workplace harassment.</abstract><cop>Croatia</cop><pub>Sveuciliste U Zagrebu</pub><pmid>18717002</pmid><doi>10.3325/cmj.2008.4.545</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adult Aged Crimes against Croatia Data Collection Female Harassment (Law) Humans Male Middle Aged Pilot Projects Prevention Psychometrics Public Health Questionnaires Schools Sexual Harassment - psychology Social Behavior Surveys and Questionnaires Teachers Teaching Workplace - psychology |
| title | Harassment in workplace among school teachers: development of a survey |
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