Malaria control using permethrin applied to tents of nomadic Afghan refugees in northern Pakistan
Malaria control among nomadic populations has, in the past, posed serious logistic difficulties. Presented in this article are the results of a pilot study in which permethrin was sprayed on the tents of over 26000 nomadic Afghan refugees in an area of Pakistan where seasonal malaria outbreaks occur...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1996-07, Vol.74 (4), p.413-421 |
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| creator | BOUMA, M. J PARVEZ, S. D NESBIT, R WINKLER, A. M. F |
| description | Malaria control among nomadic populations has, in the past, posed serious logistic difficulties. Presented in this article are the results of a pilot study in which permethrin was sprayed on the tents of over 26000 nomadic Afghan refugees in an area of Pakistan where seasonal malaria outbreaks occur. In this area Anopheles culicifacies and A. stephensi are the malaria vectors. Population surveys in the year of the study, before and at the end of the transmission season, showed that the increase in the Plasmodium falciparum prevalence among the Afghan nomads was on average significantly less (increase from 6.4% to 15.3%) than that among the resident Pakistani population (from 3.2% to 45.6%). Surveys at the end of the transmission season among primary schoolchildren the year before and the year of the permethrin trial showed that the P. falciparum prevalence among nomadic children decreased significantly (from 46.9% to 16.3%), whereas an increase was observed among the local Pakistani children. The results show that spraying tents with permethrin was a safe and culturally acceptable intervention for the Afghan refugees and that the findings warrant further investigation. |
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J ; PARVEZ, S. D ; NESBIT, R ; WINKLER, A. M. F</creator><creatorcontrib>BOUMA, M. J ; PARVEZ, S. D ; NESBIT, R ; WINKLER, A. M. F</creatorcontrib><description>Malaria control among nomadic populations has, in the past, posed serious logistic difficulties. Presented in this article are the results of a pilot study in which permethrin was sprayed on the tents of over 26000 nomadic Afghan refugees in an area of Pakistan where seasonal malaria outbreaks occur. In this area Anopheles culicifacies and A. stephensi are the malaria vectors. Population surveys in the year of the study, before and at the end of the transmission season, showed that the increase in the Plasmodium falciparum prevalence among the Afghan nomads was on average significantly less (increase from 6.4% to 15.3%) than that among the resident Pakistani population (from 3.2% to 45.6%). Surveys at the end of the transmission season among primary schoolchildren the year before and the year of the permethrin trial showed that the P. falciparum prevalence among nomadic children decreased significantly (from 46.9% to 16.3%), whereas an increase was observed among the local Pakistani children. The results show that spraying tents with permethrin was a safe and culturally acceptable intervention for the Afghan refugees and that the findings warrant further investigation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0042-9686</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1564-0604</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8823964</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BWHOA6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Genève: Organisation mondiale de la santé</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Aerosols ; Afghanistan - ethnology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Control ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Housing ; Human protozoal diseases ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; Insecticides - administration & dosage ; Malaria ; Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology ; Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control ; Medical sciences ; Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control ; Mosquito Control - methods ; Mosquitoes ; Pakistan ; Parasitic diseases ; Permethrin ; Pilot Projects ; Prevalence ; Prevention ; Protozoal diseases ; Pyrethrins - administration & dosage ; Refugees ; Tropical medicine ; Vectors. Intermediate hosts</subject><ispartof>Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 1996-07, Vol.74 (4), p.413-421</ispartof><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 1996 World Health Organization</rights><rights>Copyright World Health Organization 1996</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2486890/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2486890/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,886,27871,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3202875$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8823964$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>BOUMA, M. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PARVEZ, S. D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NESBIT, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WINKLER, A. M. F</creatorcontrib><title>Malaria control using permethrin applied to tents of nomadic Afghan refugees in northern Pakistan</title><title>Bulletin of the World Health Organization</title><addtitle>Bull World Health Organ</addtitle><description>Malaria control among nomadic populations has, in the past, posed serious logistic difficulties. Presented in this article are the results of a pilot study in which permethrin was sprayed on the tents of over 26000 nomadic Afghan refugees in an area of Pakistan where seasonal malaria outbreaks occur. In this area Anopheles culicifacies and A. stephensi are the malaria vectors. Population surveys in the year of the study, before and at the end of the transmission season, showed that the increase in the Plasmodium falciparum prevalence among the Afghan nomads was on average significantly less (increase from 6.4% to 15.3%) than that among the resident Pakistani population (from 3.2% to 45.6%). Surveys at the end of the transmission season among primary schoolchildren the year before and the year of the permethrin trial showed that the P. falciparum prevalence among nomadic children decreased significantly (from 46.9% to 16.3%), whereas an increase was observed among the local Pakistani children. The results show that spraying tents with permethrin was a safe and culturally acceptable intervention for the Afghan refugees and that the findings warrant further investigation.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Aerosols</subject><subject>Afghanistan - ethnology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Human protozoal diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Insecticides - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology</subject><subject>Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control</subject><subject>Mosquito Control - methods</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Pakistan</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Permethrin</subject><subject>Pilot Projects</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Protozoal diseases</subject><subject>Pyrethrins - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Refugees</subject><subject>Tropical medicine</subject><subject>Vectors. Intermediate hosts</subject><issn>0042-9686</issn><issn>1564-0604</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>KPI</sourceid><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0t9r1TAUB_AiyrxO_wQhiIIPFtKmTZMX4TKcXpw4_PFczk1O2sw2qUkq8783Y5exC3sweQjkfPhyOMmjYlO1vCkpp83jYkNpU5eSC_60eBbjFc1LNvSkOBGiZpI3mwK-wATBAlHepeAnskbrBrJgmDGNwToCyzJZ1CR5ktClSLwhzs-grSJbM4zgSECzDoiRZO58SCMGRy7hl40J3PPiiYEp4ovDeVr8PP_w4-xTefH14-5se1EOjRCpFFpIQbUUoPZ7qlmr2j1DoA1tKy0q2VHOGBVKdYBcaWWwYqih1YYZXnPJTov3t7nLup9Rq9xrgKlfgp0h_O092P644uzYD_5PXzeCC0lzwKtDQPC_V4ypv_JrcLnnvq5l24mO3qB3t2iACXvrjM9ZakCHOdI7NDZfb6tsJeMi8_IBnrfG2aqH_Nsjf_MqeJ0GWGPsP1_u_pfuvn87om_u0RFhSmP005qsd_HIvbw_wrvZHX5Lrr8-1CEqmEwAp2y8Y6ymteha9g_lqcjN</recordid><startdate>19960701</startdate><enddate>19960701</enddate><creator>BOUMA, M. J</creator><creator>PARVEZ, S. D</creator><creator>NESBIT, R</creator><creator>WINKLER, A. M. 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F</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-g488t-8d8980d98acbb0d35c5b3ea04051d8197063308cc7ae6cdcfe13eda5df3f62693</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Aerosols</topic><topic>Afghanistan - ethnology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Housing</topic><topic>Human protozoal diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Insecticides - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Malaria</topic><topic>Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology</topic><topic>Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control</topic><topic>Mosquito Control - methods</topic><topic>Mosquitoes</topic><topic>Pakistan</topic><topic>Parasitic diseases</topic><topic>Permethrin</topic><topic>Pilot Projects</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Protozoal diseases</topic><topic>Pyrethrins - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Refugees</topic><topic>Tropical medicine</topic><topic>Vectors. Intermediate hosts</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>BOUMA, M. 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| ispartof | Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 1996-07, Vol.74 (4), p.413-421 |
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| source | MEDLINE; PAIS Index; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adolescent Aerosols Afghanistan - ethnology Biological and medical sciences Child Child, Preschool Control Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Housing Human protozoal diseases Humans Infectious diseases Insecticides - administration & dosage Malaria Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control Medical sciences Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control Mosquito Control - methods Mosquitoes Pakistan Parasitic diseases Permethrin Pilot Projects Prevalence Prevention Protozoal diseases Pyrethrins - administration & dosage Refugees Tropical medicine Vectors. Intermediate hosts |
| title | Malaria control using permethrin applied to tents of nomadic Afghan refugees in northern Pakistan |
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