Bacterial contamination of ophthalmic solutions used in an extended care facility
Aim:To assess the frequency of contamination of ophthalmic solutions in a long-term care facility and to describe the characteristics of contaminated solutions.Methods:One hundred and twenty-three ophthalmic solutions used for patient treatment in a long-term care facility were cultured for bacteria...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | British journal of ophthalmology 2007-10, Vol.91 (10), p.1308-1310 |
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| creator | Jokl, Danny H-Kauffmann Wormser, Gary P Nichols, Neil S Montecalvo, Marisa A Karmen, Carol L |
| description | Aim:To assess the frequency of contamination of ophthalmic solutions in a long-term care facility and to describe the characteristics of contaminated solutions.Methods:One hundred and twenty-three ophthalmic solutions used for patient treatment in a long-term care facility were cultured for bacteria. The culture results were analysed according to the therapeutic class of the solution, how long the bottle had been in use and the appearance of the bottle on visual inspection.Results:10 (8%) of the 123 multiple-dose solutions were contaminated with bacteria: 4 (50%) of 8 steroid-containing anti-inflammatory solutions, 2 (33%) of 6 combination antimicrobial and steroid-containing anti-inflammatory solutions, 2 (6%) of 34 solutions for treatment of glaucoma, and 2 (4%) of 57 medications for “dry eye”. None of the mydriatic, miotic or non-combination antimicrobial solutions was contaminated. Proteus mirabilis was identified in 8 (80%) of the 10 contaminated solutions. Only 30% of the contaminated solution bottles were classified as “dirty” bottles when the bottles were visually inspected. Neither the length of time the solutions had been in use nor the appearance of the bottle predicted contamination.Conclusions:8% of ophthalmic solutions used in a long-term care facility were contaminated with bacteria, most frequently Proteus mirabilis. Compared with solutions not containing steroids, steroid solutions were 5.8 times more likely to be contaminated (RR = 5.84, 95% CI: 2.42 to 14.10, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/bjo.2007.115618 |
| format | Article |
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The culture results were analysed according to the therapeutic class of the solution, how long the bottle had been in use and the appearance of the bottle on visual inspection.Results:10 (8%) of the 123 multiple-dose solutions were contaminated with bacteria: 4 (50%) of 8 steroid-containing anti-inflammatory solutions, 2 (33%) of 6 combination antimicrobial and steroid-containing anti-inflammatory solutions, 2 (6%) of 34 solutions for treatment of glaucoma, and 2 (4%) of 57 medications for “dry eye”. None of the mydriatic, miotic or non-combination antimicrobial solutions was contaminated. Proteus mirabilis was identified in 8 (80%) of the 10 contaminated solutions. Only 30% of the contaminated solution bottles were classified as “dirty” bottles when the bottles were visually inspected. Neither the length of time the solutions had been in use nor the appearance of the bottle predicted contamination.Conclusions:8% of ophthalmic solutions used in a long-term care facility were contaminated with bacteria, most frequently Proteus mirabilis. Compared with solutions not containing steroids, steroid solutions were 5.8 times more likely to be contaminated (RR = 5.84, 95% CI: 2.42 to 14.10, p<0.002). The frequent contamination during reuse of certain steroid-containing ophthalmic solutions raises the question of whether single-use solutions might be preferred for these and other classes of ocular drugs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-1161</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2079</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.115618</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17475711</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BJOPAL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Bacteria ; Bacteria - isolation & purification ; Biological and medical sciences ; Confidence intervals ; Drug Contamination ; Hospital Units ; Humans ; Long term health care ; Long-Term Care ; Lubricants & lubrication ; Manufacturers ; Medical sciences ; Miscellaneous ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Ophthalmology ; Organisms ; Patients ; Pharmacy ; Proteus mirabilis ; Proteus mirabilis - isolation & purification ; Scientific Report</subject><ispartof>British journal of ophthalmology, 2007-10, Vol.91 (10), p.1308-1310</ispartof><rights>2007 BMJ Publishing Group</rights><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright: 2007 2007 BMJ Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright © 2007 BMJ Publishing Group</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b619t-d74adcf567a009fbf348b40b3163511c6fce28ed1489b9465ae8bc1590f6f1723</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttp://bjo.bmj.com/content/91/10/1308.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttp://bjo.bmj.com/content/91/10/1308.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>114,115,230,314,727,780,784,885,3196,23571,27924,27925,53791,53793,77600,77631</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19061948$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17475711$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jokl, Danny H-Kauffmann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wormser, Gary P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nichols, Neil S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montecalvo, Marisa A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karmen, Carol L</creatorcontrib><title>Bacterial contamination of ophthalmic solutions used in an extended care facility</title><title>British journal of ophthalmology</title><addtitle>Br J Ophthalmol</addtitle><description>Aim:To assess the frequency of contamination of ophthalmic solutions in a long-term care facility and to describe the characteristics of contaminated solutions.Methods:One hundred and twenty-three ophthalmic solutions used for patient treatment in a long-term care facility were cultured for bacteria. The culture results were analysed according to the therapeutic class of the solution, how long the bottle had been in use and the appearance of the bottle on visual inspection.Results:10 (8%) of the 123 multiple-dose solutions were contaminated with bacteria: 4 (50%) of 8 steroid-containing anti-inflammatory solutions, 2 (33%) of 6 combination antimicrobial and steroid-containing anti-inflammatory solutions, 2 (6%) of 34 solutions for treatment of glaucoma, and 2 (4%) of 57 medications for “dry eye”. None of the mydriatic, miotic or non-combination antimicrobial solutions was contaminated. Proteus mirabilis was identified in 8 (80%) of the 10 contaminated solutions. Only 30% of the contaminated solution bottles were classified as “dirty” bottles when the bottles were visually inspected. Neither the length of time the solutions had been in use nor the appearance of the bottle predicted contamination.Conclusions:8% of ophthalmic solutions used in a long-term care facility were contaminated with bacteria, most frequently Proteus mirabilis. Compared with solutions not containing steroids, steroid solutions were 5.8 times more likely to be contaminated (RR = 5.84, 95% CI: 2.42 to 14.10, p<0.002). The frequent contamination during reuse of certain steroid-containing ophthalmic solutions raises the question of whether single-use solutions might be preferred for these and other classes of ocular drugs.</description><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacteria - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Drug Contamination</subject><subject>Hospital Units</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Long term health care</subject><subject>Long-Term Care</subject><subject>Lubricants & lubrication</subject><subject>Manufacturers</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Ophthalmic Solutions</subject><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subject>Organisms</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pharmacy</subject><subject>Proteus mirabilis</subject><subject>Proteus mirabilis - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Scientific Report</subject><issn>0007-1161</issn><issn>1468-2079</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc9rFDEUx4Modq2evcmA6EGYNm-SSTIXwa7WH1RF0ApeQiaTuNnOJGuSkfa_N8surXrpKby8z_vy3veL0GPARwCEHffrcNRgzEvVMhB30AIoE3WDeXcXLXDp1AAMDtCDlNalbBjw--gAOOUtB1igLydKZxOdGisdfFaT8yq74Ktgq7BZ5ZUaJ6erFMZ5-52qOZmhcr5SvjKX2fihlFpFU1ml3ejy1UN0z6oxmUf79xB9O33zdfmuPvv89v3y1VndM-hyPXCqBm1bxhXGne0toaKnuCfASAugmdWmEWYAKrq-o6xVRvQa2g5bZoE35BC93Olu5n4ygzY-RzXKTXSTilcyKCf_7Xi3kj_Db1n8gmJMEXi-F4jh12xSlpNL2oyj8ibMSTJBQLSE3Qo2mBHGiSjg0__AdZijLy5I4Fx0DSWMFup4R-kYUorGXu8MWG5TlSXV7ZZc7lItE0_-PvWG38dYgGd7QCWtRhuV1y7dcB0untOtUL3jXMrm8rqv4oUsB_BWfjpfytMfJ68_wofv8rzwL3Z8P61v3fIPKGbHdg</recordid><startdate>20071001</startdate><enddate>20071001</enddate><creator>Jokl, Danny H-Kauffmann</creator><creator>Wormser, Gary P</creator><creator>Nichols, Neil S</creator><creator>Montecalvo, Marisa A</creator><creator>Karmen, Carol L</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</general><general>BMJ</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><general>BMJ Group</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20071001</creationdate><title>Bacterial contamination of ophthalmic solutions used in an extended care facility</title><author>Jokl, Danny H-Kauffmann ; Wormser, Gary P ; Nichols, Neil S ; Montecalvo, Marisa A ; Karmen, Carol L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b619t-d74adcf567a009fbf348b40b3163511c6fce28ed1489b9465ae8bc1590f6f1723</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents</topic><topic>Anti-Inflammatory Agents</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacteria - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Drug Contamination</topic><topic>Hospital Units</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Long term health care</topic><topic>Long-Term Care</topic><topic>Lubricants & lubrication</topic><topic>Manufacturers</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Ophthalmic Solutions</topic><topic>Ophthalmology</topic><topic>Organisms</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pharmacy</topic><topic>Proteus mirabilis</topic><topic>Proteus mirabilis - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Scientific Report</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jokl, Danny H-Kauffmann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wormser, Gary P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nichols, Neil S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montecalvo, Marisa A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karmen, Carol L</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>British journal of ophthalmology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jokl, Danny H-Kauffmann</au><au>Wormser, Gary P</au><au>Nichols, Neil S</au><au>Montecalvo, Marisa A</au><au>Karmen, Carol L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Bacterial contamination of ophthalmic solutions used in an extended care facility</atitle><jtitle>British journal of ophthalmology</jtitle><addtitle>Br J Ophthalmol</addtitle><date>2007-10-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>91</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1308</spage><epage>1310</epage><pages>1308-1310</pages><issn>0007-1161</issn><eissn>1468-2079</eissn><coden>BJOPAL</coden><abstract>Aim:To assess the frequency of contamination of ophthalmic solutions in a long-term care facility and to describe the characteristics of contaminated solutions.Methods:One hundred and twenty-three ophthalmic solutions used for patient treatment in a long-term care facility were cultured for bacteria. The culture results were analysed according to the therapeutic class of the solution, how long the bottle had been in use and the appearance of the bottle on visual inspection.Results:10 (8%) of the 123 multiple-dose solutions were contaminated with bacteria: 4 (50%) of 8 steroid-containing anti-inflammatory solutions, 2 (33%) of 6 combination antimicrobial and steroid-containing anti-inflammatory solutions, 2 (6%) of 34 solutions for treatment of glaucoma, and 2 (4%) of 57 medications for “dry eye”. None of the mydriatic, miotic or non-combination antimicrobial solutions was contaminated. Proteus mirabilis was identified in 8 (80%) of the 10 contaminated solutions. Only 30% of the contaminated solution bottles were classified as “dirty” bottles when the bottles were visually inspected. Neither the length of time the solutions had been in use nor the appearance of the bottle predicted contamination.Conclusions:8% of ophthalmic solutions used in a long-term care facility were contaminated with bacteria, most frequently Proteus mirabilis. Compared with solutions not containing steroids, steroid solutions were 5.8 times more likely to be contaminated (RR = 5.84, 95% CI: 2.42 to 14.10, p<0.002). The frequent contamination during reuse of certain steroid-containing ophthalmic solutions raises the question of whether single-use solutions might be preferred for these and other classes of ocular drugs.</abstract><cop>BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</pub><pmid>17475711</pmid><doi>10.1136/bjo.2007.115618</doi><tpages>3</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Anti-Bacterial Agents Anti-Inflammatory Agents Bacteria Bacteria - isolation & purification Biological and medical sciences Confidence intervals Drug Contamination Hospital Units Humans Long term health care Long-Term Care Lubricants & lubrication Manufacturers Medical sciences Miscellaneous Ophthalmic Solutions Ophthalmology Organisms Patients Pharmacy Proteus mirabilis Proteus mirabilis - isolation & purification Scientific Report |
| title | Bacterial contamination of ophthalmic solutions used in an extended care facility |
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