Dietary Arsenic Exposure in Bangladesh
Background: Millions of people in Bangladesh are at risk of chronic arsenic toxicity from drinking contaminated groundwater, but little is known about diet as an additional source of As exposure. Methods: We employed a duplicate diet survey to quantify daily As intake in 47 women residing in Pabna,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental health perspectives 2007-06, Vol.115 (6), p.889-893 |
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| creator | Kile, Molly L. Houseman, E. Andres Carrie V. Breton Smith, Thomas Quamruzzaman, Quazi Rahman, Mahmuder Mahiuddin, Golam Christiani, David C. |
| description | Background: Millions of people in Bangladesh are at risk of chronic arsenic toxicity from drinking contaminated groundwater, but little is known about diet as an additional source of As exposure. Methods: We employed a duplicate diet survey to quantify daily As intake in 47 women residing in Pabna, Bangladesh. All samples were analyzed for total As, and a subset of 35 samples were measured for inorganic arsenic (iAs) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipped with a dynamic reaction cell. Results: Median daily total As intake was 48 pg As/day [interquartile range (IQR), 33-67) from food and 4 μg As/day (IQR, 2-152) from drinking water. On average, iAs comprised 82% of the total As detected in dietary samples. After adjusting for the estimated inorganic fraction, 34% [95% confidence interval (CI), 21-49%] of all participants exceeded the World Health Organization's provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of 2.1 μg As/kg-day. Two of the 33 women who used a well with < 50 μg As/L exceeded this recommendation. Conclusions: When drinking water concentrations exceeded the Bangladesh drinking water standard of 50 μg As/L, ingested water was the dominant source of exposure. However, as drinking water As concentrations decrease, the relative contribution of dietary As sources becomes more important to ingested dose. The combined intake from both diet and drinking water can cause some individuals to exceed the PTDI in spite of using a tube well that contains < 50 μg As/L. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1289/ehp.9462 |
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Andres ; Carrie V. Breton ; Smith, Thomas ; Quamruzzaman, Quazi ; Rahman, Mahmuder ; Mahiuddin, Golam ; Christiani, David C.</creator><creatorcontrib>Kile, Molly L. ; Houseman, E. Andres ; Carrie V. Breton ; Smith, Thomas ; Quamruzzaman, Quazi ; Rahman, Mahmuder ; Mahiuddin, Golam ; Christiani, David C.</creatorcontrib><description>Background: Millions of people in Bangladesh are at risk of chronic arsenic toxicity from drinking contaminated groundwater, but little is known about diet as an additional source of As exposure. Methods: We employed a duplicate diet survey to quantify daily As intake in 47 women residing in Pabna, Bangladesh. All samples were analyzed for total As, and a subset of 35 samples were measured for inorganic arsenic (iAs) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipped with a dynamic reaction cell. Results: Median daily total As intake was 48 pg As/day [interquartile range (IQR), 33-67) from food and 4 μg As/day (IQR, 2-152) from drinking water. On average, iAs comprised 82% of the total As detected in dietary samples. After adjusting for the estimated inorganic fraction, 34% [95% confidence interval (CI), 21-49%] of all participants exceeded the World Health Organization's provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of 2.1 μg As/kg-day. Two of the 33 women who used a well with < 50 μg As/L exceeded this recommendation. Conclusions: When drinking water concentrations exceeded the Bangladesh drinking water standard of 50 μg As/L, ingested water was the dominant source of exposure. However, as drinking water As concentrations decrease, the relative contribution of dietary As sources becomes more important to ingested dose. The combined intake from both diet and drinking water can cause some individuals to exceed the PTDI in spite of using a tube well that contains < 50 μg As/L.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0091-6765</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-9924</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9462</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17589596</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Department of Health, Education and Welfare</publisher><subject>Adult ; Arsenic ; Arsenic - analysis ; Bangladesh ; Diet ; Dosage ; Environmental agencies ; Environmental aspects ; Female ; Food ; Food consumption ; Food Contamination - analysis ; Food intake ; Groundwater ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Middle Aged ; Potable water ; Rice ; Tube wells ; Water Supply - analysis</subject><ispartof>Environmental health perspectives, 2007-06, Vol.115 (6), p.889-893</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2007 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</rights><rights>Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Jun 2007</rights><rights>2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c687t-6bc6bfd4be2a961437c4ecc1520f15eee6e0227f1bc244e1871c05b7ddae2b7d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c687t-6bc6bfd4be2a961437c4ecc1520f15eee6e0227f1bc244e1871c05b7ddae2b7d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4139308$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/4139308$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,799,860,881,27901,27902,53766,53768,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17589596$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kile, Molly L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Houseman, E. Andres</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carrie V. Breton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quamruzzaman, Quazi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahman, Mahmuder</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahiuddin, Golam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christiani, David C.</creatorcontrib><title>Dietary Arsenic Exposure in Bangladesh</title><title>Environmental health perspectives</title><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><description>Background: Millions of people in Bangladesh are at risk of chronic arsenic toxicity from drinking contaminated groundwater, but little is known about diet as an additional source of As exposure. Methods: We employed a duplicate diet survey to quantify daily As intake in 47 women residing in Pabna, Bangladesh. All samples were analyzed for total As, and a subset of 35 samples were measured for inorganic arsenic (iAs) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipped with a dynamic reaction cell. Results: Median daily total As intake was 48 pg As/day [interquartile range (IQR), 33-67) from food and 4 μg As/day (IQR, 2-152) from drinking water. On average, iAs comprised 82% of the total As detected in dietary samples. After adjusting for the estimated inorganic fraction, 34% [95% confidence interval (CI), 21-49%] of all participants exceeded the World Health Organization's provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of 2.1 μg As/kg-day. Two of the 33 women who used a well with < 50 μg As/L exceeded this recommendation. Conclusions: When drinking water concentrations exceeded the Bangladesh drinking water standard of 50 μg As/L, ingested water was the dominant source of exposure. However, as drinking water As concentrations decrease, the relative contribution of dietary As sources becomes more important to ingested dose. The combined intake from both diet and drinking water can cause some individuals to exceed the PTDI in spite of using a tube well that contains < 50 μg As/L.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Arsenic</subject><subject>Arsenic - analysis</subject><subject>Bangladesh</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dosage</subject><subject>Environmental agencies</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food consumption</subject><subject>Food Contamination - analysis</subject><subject>Food intake</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Potable water</subject><subject>Rice</subject><subject>Tube wells</subject><subject>Water Supply - analysis</subject><issn>0091-6765</issn><issn>1552-9924</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0t2LEzEQAPBFFK-egn-ASPGh6MPWJJvPF6Gepx4cHPj1GrLZ2d2UbVKTXTn_e1NazqscnOQhkPllyGSmKJ5jtMREqrfQb5eKcvKgmGHGSKkUoQ-LGUIKl1xwdlI8SWmNEMKS88fFCRZMKqb4rFh8cDCa-Hu-igm8s_Pz621IU4S58_P3xneDaSD1T4tHrRkSPDvsp8X3j-ffzj6Xl1efLs5Wl6XlUowlry2v24bWQIzimFbCUrAWM4JazACAAyJEtLi2hFLAUmCLWC2axgDJW3VavNvn3U71BhoLfoxm0NvoNvmROhinjyPe9boLvzSWimDKc4LFIUEMPydIo964ZGEYjIcwJU1wrp0reT9EFUeSqHshprJigosMX_0D12GKPn-XJoTwSgq2y1buUWcG0M63IZdhO_CQqwkeWpePV5hTiXLfUPbLO3xeDWycvfPCm6ML2YxwPXZmSklffP3y__bqx7Fd3LI9mGHsUxim0QWfjuHrPbQxpBShvekeRno3rTpPq95Na6Yvb3f7LzyMZwYv9mCdxhBv4hRXqkKy-gNbg-o2</recordid><startdate>20070601</startdate><enddate>20070601</enddate><creator>Kile, Molly L.</creator><creator>Houseman, E. 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Andres</au><au>Carrie V. Breton</au><au>Smith, Thomas</au><au>Quamruzzaman, Quazi</au><au>Rahman, Mahmuder</au><au>Mahiuddin, Golam</au><au>Christiani, David C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dietary Arsenic Exposure in Bangladesh</atitle><jtitle>Environmental health perspectives</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><date>2007-06-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>115</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>889</spage><epage>893</epage><pages>889-893</pages><issn>0091-6765</issn><eissn>1552-9924</eissn><abstract>Background: Millions of people in Bangladesh are at risk of chronic arsenic toxicity from drinking contaminated groundwater, but little is known about diet as an additional source of As exposure. Methods: We employed a duplicate diet survey to quantify daily As intake in 47 women residing in Pabna, Bangladesh. All samples were analyzed for total As, and a subset of 35 samples were measured for inorganic arsenic (iAs) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipped with a dynamic reaction cell. Results: Median daily total As intake was 48 pg As/day [interquartile range (IQR), 33-67) from food and 4 μg As/day (IQR, 2-152) from drinking water. On average, iAs comprised 82% of the total As detected in dietary samples. After adjusting for the estimated inorganic fraction, 34% [95% confidence interval (CI), 21-49%] of all participants exceeded the World Health Organization's provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of 2.1 μg As/kg-day. Two of the 33 women who used a well with < 50 μg As/L exceeded this recommendation. Conclusions: When drinking water concentrations exceeded the Bangladesh drinking water standard of 50 μg As/L, ingested water was the dominant source of exposure. However, as drinking water As concentrations decrease, the relative contribution of dietary As sources becomes more important to ingested dose. The combined intake from both diet and drinking water can cause some individuals to exceed the PTDI in spite of using a tube well that contains < 50 μg As/L.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Department of Health, Education and Welfare</pub><pmid>17589596</pmid><doi>10.1289/ehp.9462</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Arsenic Arsenic - analysis Bangladesh Diet Dosage Environmental agencies Environmental aspects Female Food Food consumption Food Contamination - analysis Food intake Groundwater Health aspects Humans Mass Spectrometry Middle Aged Potable water Rice Tube wells Water Supply - analysis |
| title | Dietary Arsenic Exposure in Bangladesh |
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