Identification of Genes Implicated in Methapyrilene-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Comparing Differential Gene Expression in Target and Nontarget Tissue

Background: Toxicogenomics experiments often reveal thousands of transcript alterations that are related to multiple processes, making it difficult to identify key gene changes that are related to the toxicity of interest. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare gene expression change...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental health perspectives 2007-04, Vol.115 (4), p.572-578
Hauptverfasser: J. Todd Auman, Jeff Chou, Kevin Gerrish, Huang, Qihong, Jayadev, Supriya, Blanchard, Kerry, Paules, Richard S.
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container_end_page 578
container_issue 4
container_start_page 572
container_title Environmental health perspectives
container_volume 115
creator J. Todd Auman
Jeff Chou
Kevin Gerrish
Huang, Qihong
Jayadev, Supriya
Blanchard, Kerry
Paules, Richard S.
description Background: Toxicogenomics experiments often reveal thousands of transcript alterations that are related to multiple processes, making it difficult to identify key gene changes that are related to the toxicity of interest. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare gene expression changes in a nontarget tissue to the target tissue for toxicity to help identify toxicity-related genes. Methods: Male rats were given the hepatotoxicant methapyrilene at two dose levels, with livers and kidneys removed 24 hr after one, three, and seven doses for gene expression analysis. To identify gene changes likely to be related to toxicity, we analyzed genes on the basis of their temporal pattern of change using a program developed at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, termed "EPIG" (extracting gene expression patterns and identifying co-expressed genes). Results: High-dose methapyrilene elicited hepatic damage that increased in severity with the number of doses, whereas no treatment-related lesions were observed in the kidney. High-dose methapyrilene elicited thousands of gene changes in the liver at each time point, whereas many fewer gene changes were observed in the kidney. EPIG analysis identified patterns of gene expression correlated to the observed toxicity, including genes associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response. Conclusions: By factoring in dose level, number of doses, and tissue into the analysis of gene expression elicited by methapyrilene, we were able to identify genes likely to not be implicated in toxicity, thereby allowing us to focus on a subset of genes to identify toxicity-related processes.
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Todd Auman ; Jeff Chou ; Kevin Gerrish ; Huang, Qihong ; Jayadev, Supriya ; Blanchard, Kerry ; Paules, Richard S.</creator><creatorcontrib>J. Todd Auman ; Jeff Chou ; Kevin Gerrish ; Huang, Qihong ; Jayadev, Supriya ; Blanchard, Kerry ; Paules, Richard S.</creatorcontrib><description>Background: Toxicogenomics experiments often reveal thousands of transcript alterations that are related to multiple processes, making it difficult to identify key gene changes that are related to the toxicity of interest. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare gene expression changes in a nontarget tissue to the target tissue for toxicity to help identify toxicity-related genes. Methods: Male rats were given the hepatotoxicant methapyrilene at two dose levels, with livers and kidneys removed 24 hr after one, three, and seven doses for gene expression analysis. To identify gene changes likely to be related to toxicity, we analyzed genes on the basis of their temporal pattern of change using a program developed at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, termed "EPIG" (extracting gene expression patterns and identifying co-expressed genes). Results: High-dose methapyrilene elicited hepatic damage that increased in severity with the number of doses, whereas no treatment-related lesions were observed in the kidney. High-dose methapyrilene elicited thousands of gene changes in the liver at each time point, whereas many fewer gene changes were observed in the kidney. EPIG analysis identified patterns of gene expression correlated to the observed toxicity, including genes associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response. Conclusions: By factoring in dose level, number of doses, and tissue into the analysis of gene expression elicited by methapyrilene, we were able to identify genes likely to not be implicated in toxicity, thereby allowing us to focus on a subset of genes to identify toxicity-related processes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0091-6765</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-9924</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9396</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17450226</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Department of Health, Education and Welfare</publisher><subject>Administered dose ; Animals ; Antihistamines ; Complications and side effects ; Dosage ; Dosage and administration ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Evaluation ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes ; Genetic aspects ; Health aspects ; Hepatotoxicity ; Histamine H1 Antagonists - toxicity ; Kidney - drug effects ; Kidney - pathology ; Kidneys ; Liver ; Liver - drug effects ; Liver - pathology ; Liver cells ; Male ; Methapyrilene - toxicity ; Oxidative stress ; Physiological aspects ; Pyridine ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors ; RNA ; Toxicogenetics ; Up-Regulation - drug effects</subject><ispartof>Environmental health perspectives, 2007-04, Vol.115 (4), p.572-578</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2007 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</rights><rights>Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Apr 2007</rights><rights>2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c722t-393a123c4df6b440d096108c2629ddfb13f5d834080ff98f211af7235c1cbb1b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c722t-393a123c4df6b440d096108c2629ddfb13f5d834080ff98f211af7235c1cbb1b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4150358$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/4150358$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,799,860,881,27903,27904,53769,53771,57995,58228</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17450226$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>J. Todd Auman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeff Chou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kevin Gerrish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Qihong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jayadev, Supriya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blanchard, Kerry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paules, Richard S.</creatorcontrib><title>Identification of Genes Implicated in Methapyrilene-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Comparing Differential Gene Expression in Target and Nontarget Tissue</title><title>Environmental health perspectives</title><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><description>Background: Toxicogenomics experiments often reveal thousands of transcript alterations that are related to multiple processes, making it difficult to identify key gene changes that are related to the toxicity of interest. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare gene expression changes in a nontarget tissue to the target tissue for toxicity to help identify toxicity-related genes. Methods: Male rats were given the hepatotoxicant methapyrilene at two dose levels, with livers and kidneys removed 24 hr after one, three, and seven doses for gene expression analysis. To identify gene changes likely to be related to toxicity, we analyzed genes on the basis of their temporal pattern of change using a program developed at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, termed "EPIG" (extracting gene expression patterns and identifying co-expressed genes). Results: High-dose methapyrilene elicited hepatic damage that increased in severity with the number of doses, whereas no treatment-related lesions were observed in the kidney. High-dose methapyrilene elicited thousands of gene changes in the liver at each time point, whereas many fewer gene changes were observed in the kidney. EPIG analysis identified patterns of gene expression correlated to the observed toxicity, including genes associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response. 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Todd Auman</creator><creator>Jeff Chou</creator><creator>Kevin Gerrish</creator><creator>Huang, Qihong</creator><creator>Jayadev, Supriya</creator><creator>Blanchard, Kerry</creator><creator>Paules, Richard S.</creator><general>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. 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Todd Auman</au><au>Jeff Chou</au><au>Kevin Gerrish</au><au>Huang, Qihong</au><au>Jayadev, Supriya</au><au>Blanchard, Kerry</au><au>Paules, Richard S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Identification of Genes Implicated in Methapyrilene-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Comparing Differential Gene Expression in Target and Nontarget Tissue</atitle><jtitle>Environmental health perspectives</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><date>2007-04-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>115</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>572</spage><epage>578</epage><pages>572-578</pages><issn>0091-6765</issn><eissn>1552-9924</eissn><abstract>Background: Toxicogenomics experiments often reveal thousands of transcript alterations that are related to multiple processes, making it difficult to identify key gene changes that are related to the toxicity of interest. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare gene expression changes in a nontarget tissue to the target tissue for toxicity to help identify toxicity-related genes. Methods: Male rats were given the hepatotoxicant methapyrilene at two dose levels, with livers and kidneys removed 24 hr after one, three, and seven doses for gene expression analysis. To identify gene changes likely to be related to toxicity, we analyzed genes on the basis of their temporal pattern of change using a program developed at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, termed "EPIG" (extracting gene expression patterns and identifying co-expressed genes). Results: High-dose methapyrilene elicited hepatic damage that increased in severity with the number of doses, whereas no treatment-related lesions were observed in the kidney. High-dose methapyrilene elicited thousands of gene changes in the liver at each time point, whereas many fewer gene changes were observed in the kidney. EPIG analysis identified patterns of gene expression correlated to the observed toxicity, including genes associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response. Conclusions: By factoring in dose level, number of doses, and tissue into the analysis of gene expression elicited by methapyrilene, we were able to identify genes likely to not be implicated in toxicity, thereby allowing us to focus on a subset of genes to identify toxicity-related processes.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Department of Health, Education and Welfare</pub><pmid>17450226</pmid><doi>10.1289/ehp.9396</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Administered dose
Animals
Antihistamines
Complications and side effects
Dosage
Dosage and administration
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Evaluation
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling
Genes
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Hepatotoxicity
Histamine H1 Antagonists - toxicity
Kidney - drug effects
Kidney - pathology
Kidneys
Liver
Liver - drug effects
Liver - pathology
Liver cells
Male
Methapyrilene - toxicity
Oxidative stress
Physiological aspects
Pyridine
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Receptors
RNA
Toxicogenetics
Up-Regulation - drug effects
title Identification of Genes Implicated in Methapyrilene-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Comparing Differential Gene Expression in Target and Nontarget Tissue
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