The influence of partial or total thymectomy during open heart surgery in infants on the immune function later in life
SUMMARY Infants undergoing open heart surgery often have all or part of their thymus removed. The activity of the immune system has not been investigated thoroughly in these children, and only shortly after the operation. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the activity of the immune system in...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical and experimental immunology 2004-05, Vol.136 (2), p.349-355 |
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| creator | EYSTEINSDOTTIR, J. H. FREYSDOTTIR, J. HARALDSSON, A. STEFANSDOTTIR, J. SKAFTADOTTIR, I. HELGASON, H. OGMUNDSDOTTIR, H. M. |
| description | SUMMARY
Infants undergoing open heart surgery often have all or part of their thymus removed. The activity of the immune system has not been investigated thoroughly in these children, and only shortly after the operation. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the activity of the immune system in more detail in children several years after their operation. Peripheral blood samples from 19 children who had undergone open heart surgery during their first months of life was collected (study group) and from 19 age‐ and gender‐matched children (control group). The activity of the immune system was evaluated by measuring the number of different cell types in peripheral blood, the phenotype of lymphocytes and the response of T cells following in vitro stimulation by mitogen, tetanus toxoid and measles antigen. The study group had significantly lower counts of total lymphocytes, which was reflected in a lower number of T cells but not B cells. Furthermore, the study group had significantly lower proportion of T cells (CD3+) and helper T cells (CD4+), but not cytotoxic T cells (CD8+). The level of neutrophils in peripheral blood was significantly higher in the study group. This may indicate enhanced innate immunity when the acquired immunity is defective. The results indicate a shift to extrathymic T cell maturation, which is less efficient for CD4+ helper cells than for CD8+ cytotoxic cells. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02437.x |
| format | Article |
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Infants undergoing open heart surgery often have all or part of their thymus removed. The activity of the immune system has not been investigated thoroughly in these children, and only shortly after the operation. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the activity of the immune system in more detail in children several years after their operation. Peripheral blood samples from 19 children who had undergone open heart surgery during their first months of life was collected (study group) and from 19 age‐ and gender‐matched children (control group). The activity of the immune system was evaluated by measuring the number of different cell types in peripheral blood, the phenotype of lymphocytes and the response of T cells following in vitro stimulation by mitogen, tetanus toxoid and measles antigen. The study group had significantly lower counts of total lymphocytes, which was reflected in a lower number of T cells but not B cells. Furthermore, the study group had significantly lower proportion of T cells (CD3+) and helper T cells (CD4+), but not cytotoxic T cells (CD8+). The level of neutrophils in peripheral blood was significantly higher in the study group. This may indicate enhanced innate immunity when the acquired immunity is defective. The results indicate a shift to extrathymic T cell maturation, which is less efficient for CD4+ helper cells than for CD8+ cytotoxic cells.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0009-9104</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2249</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02437.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15086401</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CEXIAL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><subject>Antigens, Viral - pharmacology ; B-Lymphocytes - immunology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Case-Control Studies ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Clinical Studies ; congenital ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Fundamental immunology ; heart defects ; Heart Defects, Congenital - physiopathology ; Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery ; Humans ; immune functions ; Immune System - physiopathology ; Immunoglobulins - blood ; Immunopathology ; infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Count ; Measles virus - immunology ; Medical sciences ; Mitogens - pharmacology ; surgery ; Tetanus Toxoid - pharmacology ; Thymectomy ; thymus gland</subject><ispartof>Clinical and experimental immunology, 2004-05, Vol.136 (2), p.349-355</ispartof><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd. May 2004</rights><rights>2004 Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c6247-2011c09c670c8912f319773c07e02d3fdfb59de60a474015bbf574a3a86735783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c6247-2011c09c670c8912f319773c07e02d3fdfb59de60a474015bbf574a3a86735783</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1809033/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1809033/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15660075$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15086401$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>EYSTEINSDOTTIR, J. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FREYSDOTTIR, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HARALDSSON, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>STEFANSDOTTIR, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SKAFTADOTTIR, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HELGASON, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OGMUNDSDOTTIR, H. M.</creatorcontrib><title>The influence of partial or total thymectomy during open heart surgery in infants on the immune function later in life</title><title>Clinical and experimental immunology</title><addtitle>Clin Exp Immunol</addtitle><description>SUMMARY
Infants undergoing open heart surgery often have all or part of their thymus removed. The activity of the immune system has not been investigated thoroughly in these children, and only shortly after the operation. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the activity of the immune system in more detail in children several years after their operation. Peripheral blood samples from 19 children who had undergone open heart surgery during their first months of life was collected (study group) and from 19 age‐ and gender‐matched children (control group). The activity of the immune system was evaluated by measuring the number of different cell types in peripheral blood, the phenotype of lymphocytes and the response of T cells following in vitro stimulation by mitogen, tetanus toxoid and measles antigen. The study group had significantly lower counts of total lymphocytes, which was reflected in a lower number of T cells but not B cells. Furthermore, the study group had significantly lower proportion of T cells (CD3+) and helper T cells (CD4+), but not cytotoxic T cells (CD8+). The level of neutrophils in peripheral blood was significantly higher in the study group. This may indicate enhanced innate immunity when the acquired immunity is defective. The results indicate a shift to extrathymic T cell maturation, which is less efficient for CD4+ helper cells than for CD8+ cytotoxic cells.</description><subject>Antigens, Viral - pharmacology</subject><subject>B-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Chi-Square Distribution</subject><subject>Clinical Studies</subject><subject>congenital</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Fundamental immunology</subject><subject>heart defects</subject><subject>Heart Defects, Congenital - physiopathology</subject><subject>Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>immune functions</subject><subject>Immune System - physiopathology</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins - blood</subject><subject>Immunopathology</subject><subject>infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Lymphocyte Activation</subject><subject>Lymphocyte Count</subject><subject>Measles virus - immunology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mitogens - pharmacology</subject><subject>surgery</subject><subject>Tetanus Toxoid - pharmacology</subject><subject>Thymectomy</subject><subject>thymus gland</subject><issn>0009-9104</issn><issn>1365-2249</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNksFu1DAQhiMEokvhFZCFBLeEcZzY8QEktCqlUiUu5Wx5HXvXq8RebKdt3h6HXbWFC_jiGc83v2Y8UxQIQ4Xz-bivMKFtWdcNr2qApoK6Iay6f1asHgLPixUA8JJjaM6KVzHus0sprV8WZ7iFjjaAV8XtzU4j68wwaac08gYdZEhWDsgHlHzKRtrNo1bJjzPqp2DdFvmDdminM4jiFLY6zFliUZEuReRdTsmi4zg5jczkVLL5bZBJh4UbrNGvixdGDlG_Od3nxY-vFzfrb-X198ur9ZfrUtG6YWUNGCvgijJQHce1IZgzRhQwDXVPTG82Le81Bdmw3E672ZiWNZLIjjLSso6cF5-PuodpM-peaZeCHMQh2FGGWXhpxZ8RZ3di628F7oADIVngw0kg-J-TjkmMNio9DNJpP0XBcEcI6-g_Qcx4y2q-KL77C9z7Kbj8CwJz2nHeQZOh7gip4GMM2jyUjEEsKyD2Ypm0WCYtlhUQv1dA3OfUt09bfkw8zTwD70-AjEoOJkinbHzCUQrA2sx9OnJ3dtDzfxcg1hdXi0V-Ab3AzU0</recordid><startdate>200405</startdate><enddate>200405</enddate><creator>EYSTEINSDOTTIR, J. H.</creator><creator>FREYSDOTTIR, J.</creator><creator>HARALDSSON, A.</creator><creator>STEFANSDOTTIR, J.</creator><creator>SKAFTADOTTIR, I.</creator><creator>HELGASON, H.</creator><creator>OGMUNDSDOTTIR, H. M.</creator><general>Blackwell Science Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Blackwell Science Inc</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200405</creationdate><title>The influence of partial or total thymectomy during open heart surgery in infants on the immune function later in life</title><author>EYSTEINSDOTTIR, J. H. ; FREYSDOTTIR, J. ; HARALDSSON, A. ; STEFANSDOTTIR, J. ; SKAFTADOTTIR, I. ; HELGASON, H. ; OGMUNDSDOTTIR, H. M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c6247-2011c09c670c8912f319773c07e02d3fdfb59de60a474015bbf574a3a86735783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Antigens, Viral - pharmacology</topic><topic>B-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Chi-Square Distribution</topic><topic>Clinical Studies</topic><topic>congenital</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Fundamental immunology</topic><topic>heart defects</topic><topic>Heart Defects, Congenital - physiopathology</topic><topic>Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>immune functions</topic><topic>Immune System - physiopathology</topic><topic>Immunoglobulins - blood</topic><topic>Immunopathology</topic><topic>infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Lymphocyte Activation</topic><topic>Lymphocyte Count</topic><topic>Measles virus - immunology</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mitogens - pharmacology</topic><topic>surgery</topic><topic>Tetanus Toxoid - pharmacology</topic><topic>Thymectomy</topic><topic>thymus gland</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>EYSTEINSDOTTIR, J. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FREYSDOTTIR, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HARALDSSON, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>STEFANSDOTTIR, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SKAFTADOTTIR, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HELGASON, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OGMUNDSDOTTIR, H. M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Clinical and experimental immunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>EYSTEINSDOTTIR, J. H.</au><au>FREYSDOTTIR, J.</au><au>HARALDSSON, A.</au><au>STEFANSDOTTIR, J.</au><au>SKAFTADOTTIR, I.</au><au>HELGASON, H.</au><au>OGMUNDSDOTTIR, H. M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The influence of partial or total thymectomy during open heart surgery in infants on the immune function later in life</atitle><jtitle>Clinical and experimental immunology</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Exp Immunol</addtitle><date>2004-05</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>136</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>349</spage><epage>355</epage><pages>349-355</pages><issn>0009-9104</issn><eissn>1365-2249</eissn><coden>CEXIAL</coden><abstract>SUMMARY
Infants undergoing open heart surgery often have all or part of their thymus removed. The activity of the immune system has not been investigated thoroughly in these children, and only shortly after the operation. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the activity of the immune system in more detail in children several years after their operation. Peripheral blood samples from 19 children who had undergone open heart surgery during their first months of life was collected (study group) and from 19 age‐ and gender‐matched children (control group). The activity of the immune system was evaluated by measuring the number of different cell types in peripheral blood, the phenotype of lymphocytes and the response of T cells following in vitro stimulation by mitogen, tetanus toxoid and measles antigen. The study group had significantly lower counts of total lymphocytes, which was reflected in a lower number of T cells but not B cells. Furthermore, the study group had significantly lower proportion of T cells (CD3+) and helper T cells (CD4+), but not cytotoxic T cells (CD8+). The level of neutrophils in peripheral blood was significantly higher in the study group. This may indicate enhanced innate immunity when the acquired immunity is defective. The results indicate a shift to extrathymic T cell maturation, which is less efficient for CD4+ helper cells than for CD8+ cytotoxic cells.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Science Ltd</pub><pmid>15086401</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02437.x</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Antigens, Viral - pharmacology B-Lymphocytes - immunology Biological and medical sciences Case-Control Studies CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology Cells, Cultured Chi-Square Distribution Clinical Studies congenital Follow-Up Studies Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fundamental immunology heart defects Heart Defects, Congenital - physiopathology Heart Defects, Congenital - surgery Humans immune functions Immune System - physiopathology Immunoglobulins - blood Immunopathology infant Infant, Newborn Lymphocyte Activation Lymphocyte Count Measles virus - immunology Medical sciences Mitogens - pharmacology surgery Tetanus Toxoid - pharmacology Thymectomy thymus gland |
| title | The influence of partial or total thymectomy during open heart surgery in infants on the immune function later in life |
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