Reference values for pulse oximetry at high altitude
OBJECTIVE To determine reference values for oxygen saturation (Sao 2) in healthy children younger than 5 years living at high altitude. DESIGN One hundred and sixty eight children were examined for Sao 2 at 4018 m during well child visits. Physiological state was also noted during the examination. R...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of disease in childhood 1998-05, Vol.78 (5), p.461-465 |
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| creator | Gamponia, M J Babaali, H Yugar, F Gilman, R H |
| description | OBJECTIVE To determine reference values for oxygen saturation (Sao 2) in healthy children younger than 5 years living at high altitude. DESIGN One hundred and sixty eight children were examined for Sao 2 at 4018 m during well child visits. Physiological state was also noted during the examination. RESULTS The mean Sao 2 was 87.3% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 86.7%, 87.9%) with a median value of 87.7%. A significant difference was observed in Sao 2 between children younger than 1 year compared with older children, although the difference was no longer demonstrable when sleeping children were excluded. CONCLUSIONS This study has provided a reference range of Sao 2 values for healthy children under 5 years old so that pulse oximetry may be used as an adjunct in diagnosing acute respiratory infections. Younger children were also shown to have a lower mean Sao 2 than older children living at high altitude, which suggests physiological adaptation to high altitude over time. In addition, sleep had a lowering effect on Sao 2, although the clinical importance of this remains undetermined. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/adc.78.5.461 |
| format | Article |
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DESIGN One hundred and sixty eight children were examined for Sao 2 at 4018 m during well child visits. Physiological state was also noted during the examination. RESULTS The mean Sao 2 was 87.3% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 86.7%, 87.9%) with a median value of 87.7%. A significant difference was observed in Sao 2 between children younger than 1 year compared with older children, although the difference was no longer demonstrable when sleeping children were excluded. CONCLUSIONS This study has provided a reference range of Sao 2 values for healthy children under 5 years old so that pulse oximetry may be used as an adjunct in diagnosing acute respiratory infections. Younger children were also shown to have a lower mean Sao 2 than older children living at high altitude, which suggests physiological adaptation to high altitude over time. In addition, sleep had a lowering effect on Sao 2, although the clinical importance of this remains undetermined.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-9888</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2044</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/adc.78.5.461</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9659095</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ADCHAK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</publisher><subject>Age groups ; Aging - blood ; Aging - physiology ; Altitude ; Attrition (Research Studies) ; Biological and medical sciences ; Bolivia ; Child, Preschool ; Children & youth ; Confidence intervals ; Death ; Developed Nations ; Emergency medical care ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Health care ; Health Promotion ; Heart rate ; Heart Rate - physiology ; Hemodynamics. Rheology ; high altitude ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Indians, South American ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infections ; Medical equipment ; Medical Evaluation ; Mortality ; Original ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; Oxygen - blood ; oxygen saturation ; Physical Examinations ; Physiology ; Population ; pulse oximetry ; Reference Values ; Respiration - physiology ; Sea level ; Sleep - physiology ; Statistical Analysis ; Vertebrates: cardiovascular system ; Young Children</subject><ispartof>Archives of disease in childhood, 1998-05, Vol.78 (5), p.461-465</ispartof><rights>Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</rights><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright: 1998 Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b506t-dd1fdf044acd15835a36ce0cbd310c509f101826719353d715276a9918157e473</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1717583/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1717583/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27923,27924,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2234785$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9659095$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gamponia, M J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babaali, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yugar, F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gilman, R H</creatorcontrib><title>Reference values for pulse oximetry at high altitude</title><title>Archives of disease in childhood</title><addtitle>Arch Dis Child</addtitle><description>OBJECTIVE To determine reference values for oxygen saturation (Sao 2) in healthy children younger than 5 years living at high altitude. DESIGN One hundred and sixty eight children were examined for Sao 2 at 4018 m during well child visits. Physiological state was also noted during the examination. RESULTS The mean Sao 2 was 87.3% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 86.7%, 87.9%) with a median value of 87.7%. A significant difference was observed in Sao 2 between children younger than 1 year compared with older children, although the difference was no longer demonstrable when sleeping children were excluded. CONCLUSIONS This study has provided a reference range of Sao 2 values for healthy children under 5 years old so that pulse oximetry may be used as an adjunct in diagnosing acute respiratory infections. Younger children were also shown to have a lower mean Sao 2 than older children living at high altitude, which suggests physiological adaptation to high altitude over time. In addition, sleep had a lowering effect on Sao 2, although the clinical importance of this remains undetermined.</description><subject>Age groups</subject><subject>Aging - blood</subject><subject>Aging - physiology</subject><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Attrition (Research Studies)</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bolivia</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Death</subject><subject>Developed Nations</subject><subject>Emergency medical care</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Health Promotion</subject><subject>Heart rate</subject><subject>Heart Rate - physiology</subject><subject>Hemodynamics. Rheology</subject><subject>high altitude</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Indians, South American</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Medical equipment</subject><subject>Medical Evaluation</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Oximetry</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Oxygen - blood</subject><subject>oxygen saturation</subject><subject>Physical Examinations</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>pulse oximetry</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Respiration - physiology</subject><subject>Sea level</subject><subject>Sleep - physiology</subject><subject>Statistical Analysis</subject><subject>Vertebrates: cardiovascular system</subject><subject>Young Children</subject><issn>0003-9888</issn><issn>1468-2044</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1vEzEQxS1EVULhxhVpJRBcumFmvf66IKEI2ooKBOJLXCzH9jZO9yPYu1X73-MoUQQcOM3h_fTmzTxCniDMESl_ZZydCzln85rjPTLDmsuygrq-T2YAQEslpXxAHqa0BsBKSnpMjhVnChSbkfqzb3z0vfXFjWknn4pmiMVmapMvhtvQ-THeFWYsVuFqVZh2DOPk_CNy1JhMPN7PE_L13dsvi_Py8uPZxeLNZblkwMfSOWxck5MY65BJygzl1oNdOopgGagGAWXFBSrKqBPIKsGNUiiRCV8LekJe73w307Lzzvp-jKbVmxg6E-_0YIL-W-nDSl8NNxoFirwwG7zYG8ThVz5u1F1I1ret6f0wJS2UUqyWkMFn_4DrYYp9Pi57CQkKqNpSpzvKxiGl6JtDFAS97ULnLrSQmuncRcaf_hn_AO-fn_Xne90ka9ommt6GdMCqitZCbrFyh4U0-tuDbOK15oIKpj98W-j3Z59-Uvz-Qy8y_3LHL7v1_wP-BrqArAs</recordid><startdate>19980501</startdate><enddate>19980501</enddate><creator>Gamponia, M J</creator><creator>Babaali, H</creator><creator>Yugar, F</creator><creator>Gilman, R H</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</general><general>BMJ</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><general>BMJ Group</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88B</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8A4</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CJNVE</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0P</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEDU</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19980501</creationdate><title>Reference values for pulse oximetry at high altitude</title><author>Gamponia, M J ; Babaali, H ; Yugar, F ; Gilman, R H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b506t-dd1fdf044acd15835a36ce0cbd310c509f101826719353d715276a9918157e473</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Age groups</topic><topic>Aging - blood</topic><topic>Aging - physiology</topic><topic>Altitude</topic><topic>Attrition (Research Studies)</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Bolivia</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Death</topic><topic>Developed Nations</topic><topic>Emergency medical care</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Health care</topic><topic>Health Promotion</topic><topic>Heart rate</topic><topic>Heart Rate - physiology</topic><topic>Hemodynamics. Rheology</topic><topic>high altitude</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Indians, South American</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Medical equipment</topic><topic>Medical Evaluation</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Oximetry</topic><topic>Oxygen</topic><topic>Oxygen - blood</topic><topic>oxygen saturation</topic><topic>Physical Examinations</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>pulse oximetry</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Respiration - physiology</topic><topic>Sea level</topic><topic>Sleep - physiology</topic><topic>Statistical Analysis</topic><topic>Vertebrates: cardiovascular system</topic><topic>Young Children</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gamponia, M J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babaali, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yugar, F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gilman, R H</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Education Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Education Periodicals</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Education Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Education Database</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Education</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Archives of disease in childhood</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gamponia, M J</au><au>Babaali, H</au><au>Yugar, F</au><au>Gilman, R H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reference values for pulse oximetry at high altitude</atitle><jtitle>Archives of disease in childhood</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Dis Child</addtitle><date>1998-05-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>78</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>461</spage><epage>465</epage><pages>461-465</pages><issn>0003-9888</issn><eissn>1468-2044</eissn><coden>ADCHAK</coden><abstract>OBJECTIVE To determine reference values for oxygen saturation (Sao 2) in healthy children younger than 5 years living at high altitude. DESIGN One hundred and sixty eight children were examined for Sao 2 at 4018 m during well child visits. Physiological state was also noted during the examination. RESULTS The mean Sao 2 was 87.3% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 86.7%, 87.9%) with a median value of 87.7%. A significant difference was observed in Sao 2 between children younger than 1 year compared with older children, although the difference was no longer demonstrable when sleeping children were excluded. CONCLUSIONS This study has provided a reference range of Sao 2 values for healthy children under 5 years old so that pulse oximetry may be used as an adjunct in diagnosing acute respiratory infections. Younger children were also shown to have a lower mean Sao 2 than older children living at high altitude, which suggests physiological adaptation to high altitude over time. In addition, sleep had a lowering effect on Sao 2, although the clinical importance of this remains undetermined.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</pub><pmid>9659095</pmid><doi>10.1136/adc.78.5.461</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Age groups Aging - blood Aging - physiology Altitude Attrition (Research Studies) Biological and medical sciences Bolivia Child, Preschool Children & youth Confidence intervals Death Developed Nations Emergency medical care Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Health care Health Promotion Heart rate Heart Rate - physiology Hemodynamics. Rheology high altitude Humans Hypoxia Indians, South American Infant Infant, Newborn Infections Medical equipment Medical Evaluation Mortality Original Oximetry Oxygen Oxygen - blood oxygen saturation Physical Examinations Physiology Population pulse oximetry Reference Values Respiration - physiology Sea level Sleep - physiology Statistical Analysis Vertebrates: cardiovascular system Young Children |
| title | Reference values for pulse oximetry at high altitude |
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