Eye size in birds and the timing of song at dawn
Why do different species of birds start their dawn choruses at different times? We test the hypothesis that the times at which different species start singing at dawn are related to their visual capability at low light intensities. Birds with large eyes can achieve greater pupil diameters and hence,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences Biological sciences, 2002-04, Vol.269 (1493), p.831-837 |
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| container_title | Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences |
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| creator | Thomas, Robert J. Széskely, Tamás Cuthill, Innes C. Harper, David G. C. Newson, Stuart E. Frayling, Tim D. Wallis, Paul D. |
| description | Why do different species of birds start their dawn choruses at different times? We test the hypothesis that the times at which different species start singing at dawn are related to their visual capability at low light intensities. Birds with large eyes can achieve greater pupil diameters and hence, all other things being equal, greater visual sensitivity and resolution than birds with small eyes. We estimated the maximum pupil diameter of passerine birds by measuring the diameter of the exposed eye surface, and measured the times of the first songs at dawn of songbirds present in different bird communities, and the light intensities at these times. Using phylogenetic comparative analyses, we found that songbirds with large eyes started to sing at lower light intensities (and therefore earlier) than species with smaller eyes. These relationships were stronger when differences in body size were controlled for statistically, and were consistent between two phylogenies and when species were treated as independent data points. Our results therefore provide robust support for the hypothesis that visual capability at low light levels influences the times at which birds start to sing at dawn. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1098/rspb.2001.1941 |
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Using phylogenetic comparative analyses, we found that songbirds with large eyes started to sing at lower light intensities (and therefore earlier) than species with smaller eyes. These relationships were stronger when differences in body size were controlled for statistically, and were consistent between two phylogenies and when species were treated as independent data points. Our results therefore provide robust support for the hypothesis that visual capability at low light levels influences the times at which birds start to sing at dawn.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0962-8452</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1471-2954</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2001.1941</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11958715</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: The Royal Society</publisher><subject>Animals ; Bird songs ; Birds ; Circadian Rhythm ; Dawn Chorus ; Eye - anatomy & histology ; Eye - radiation effects ; Eye Size ; Eyes ; Light Intensity ; Luminous intensity ; Photic Stimulation ; Photoperiod ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Pupil ; Singing ; Song ; Songbirds ; Songbirds - anatomy & histology ; Songbirds - physiology ; Time Factors ; Vocalization, Animal - physiology</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences, 2002-04, Vol.269 (1493), p.831-837</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2002 The Royal Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c728t-412a1bf6ef738d6ce4932932a51cc861448654b2cffaa39c74436058f3b2803d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c728t-412a1bf6ef738d6ce4932932a51cc861448654b2cffaa39c74436058f3b2803d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3067717$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3067717$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,803,885,27924,27925,53791,53793,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11958715$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Robert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Széskely, Tamás</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cuthill, Innes C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harper, David G. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newson, Stuart E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frayling, Tim D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallis, Paul D.</creatorcontrib><title>Eye size in birds and the timing of song at dawn</title><title>Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences</title><addtitle>Proc Biol Sci</addtitle><description>Why do different species of birds start their dawn choruses at different times? We test the hypothesis that the times at which different species start singing at dawn are related to their visual capability at low light intensities. Birds with large eyes can achieve greater pupil diameters and hence, all other things being equal, greater visual sensitivity and resolution than birds with small eyes. We estimated the maximum pupil diameter of passerine birds by measuring the diameter of the exposed eye surface, and measured the times of the first songs at dawn of songbirds present in different bird communities, and the light intensities at these times. Using phylogenetic comparative analyses, we found that songbirds with large eyes started to sing at lower light intensities (and therefore earlier) than species with smaller eyes. These relationships were stronger when differences in body size were controlled for statistically, and were consistent between two phylogenies and when species were treated as independent data points. Our results therefore provide robust support for the hypothesis that visual capability at low light levels influences the times at which birds start to sing at dawn.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bird songs</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>Circadian Rhythm</subject><subject>Dawn Chorus</subject><subject>Eye - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Eye - radiation effects</subject><subject>Eye Size</subject><subject>Eyes</subject><subject>Light Intensity</subject><subject>Luminous intensity</subject><subject>Photic Stimulation</subject><subject>Photoperiod</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Pupil</subject><subject>Singing</subject><subject>Song</subject><subject>Songbirds</subject><subject>Songbirds - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Songbirds - physiology</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Vocalization, Animal - physiology</subject><issn>0962-8452</issn><issn>1471-2954</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkl1v0zAUhiMEYmVwyxVCueIuxcd2YvsGNMYYSJOY-BLi5shJnNaljYudbHS_HqepChViSJEc6zznPR-vk-QxkCkQJZ_7sC6nlBCYguJwJ5kAF5BRlfO7yYSogmaS5_QoeRDCghCicpnfT44A4o-AfJKQs41Jg70xqW3T0vo6pLqt025u0s6ubDtLXZMGF0_dpbW-bh8m9xq9DObR7jxOPr85-3T6Nrt4f_7u9OQiqwSVXcaBaiibwjSCybqoDFeMxk_nUFWyAM5lkfOSVk2jNVOV4JwVJJcNK6kkrGbHyYtRd92XK1NXpu28XuLa25X2G3Ta4mGktXOcuSuEQsW5RRR4thPw7kdvQocrGyqzXOrWuD6ggAJozuC_IEimhBBFBKcjWHkXgjfNvhsgOLiBgxs4uIGDGzHh6Z8z_MZ3648AGwHvNnGZrrKm2-DC9b6N13_LhtuyPny8fAVKkStaKAtx70gkAyI4cMAbu97KDQBGAG0IvcEtdljm76pPxqqL0Dm_n4WRQggY1p2NYRs683Mf1v47RjNEjl8kx29fL8-j2GsceBj5uZ3Nr603eDBNvKx9KLctbpuTW6de3pozNFy5tosv4iARm34Zn07dsF8XPfuX</recordid><startdate>20020422</startdate><enddate>20020422</enddate><creator>Thomas, Robert J.</creator><creator>Széskely, Tamás</creator><creator>Cuthill, Innes C.</creator><creator>Harper, David G. C.</creator><creator>Newson, Stuart E.</creator><creator>Frayling, Tim D.</creator><creator>Wallis, Paul D.</creator><general>The Royal Society</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20020422</creationdate><title>Eye size in birds and the timing of song at dawn</title><author>Thomas, Robert J. ; Széskely, Tamás ; Cuthill, Innes C. ; Harper, David G. C. ; Newson, Stuart E. ; Frayling, Tim D. ; Wallis, Paul D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c728t-412a1bf6ef738d6ce4932932a51cc861448654b2cffaa39c74436058f3b2803d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Bird songs</topic><topic>Birds</topic><topic>Circadian Rhythm</topic><topic>Dawn Chorus</topic><topic>Eye - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Eye - radiation effects</topic><topic>Eye Size</topic><topic>Eyes</topic><topic>Light Intensity</topic><topic>Luminous intensity</topic><topic>Photic Stimulation</topic><topic>Photoperiod</topic><topic>Phylogenetics</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Pupil</topic><topic>Singing</topic><topic>Song</topic><topic>Songbirds</topic><topic>Songbirds - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Songbirds - physiology</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Vocalization, Animal - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Robert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Széskely, Tamás</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cuthill, Innes C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harper, David G. 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We estimated the maximum pupil diameter of passerine birds by measuring the diameter of the exposed eye surface, and measured the times of the first songs at dawn of songbirds present in different bird communities, and the light intensities at these times. Using phylogenetic comparative analyses, we found that songbirds with large eyes started to sing at lower light intensities (and therefore earlier) than species with smaller eyes. These relationships were stronger when differences in body size were controlled for statistically, and were consistent between two phylogenies and when species were treated as independent data points. Our results therefore provide robust support for the hypothesis that visual capability at low light levels influences the times at which birds start to sing at dawn.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>The Royal Society</pub><pmid>11958715</pmid><doi>10.1098/rspb.2001.1941</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Bird songs Birds Circadian Rhythm Dawn Chorus Eye - anatomy & histology Eye - radiation effects Eye Size Eyes Light Intensity Luminous intensity Photic Stimulation Photoperiod Phylogenetics Phylogeny Pupil Singing Song Songbirds Songbirds - anatomy & histology Songbirds - physiology Time Factors Vocalization, Animal - physiology |
| title | Eye size in birds and the timing of song at dawn |
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