mtDNA sequences suggest a recent evolutionary divergence for Beringian and Northern North American populations
Conventional descriptions of the pattern and process of human entry into the New World from Asia are incomplete and controversial. In order to gain an evolutionary insight into this process, we have sequenced the control region of mtDNA in samples of contemporary tribal populations of eastern Siberi...
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Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of human genetics 1993-09, Vol.53 (3), p.549-562 |
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description | Conventional descriptions of the pattern and process of human entry into the New World from Asia are incomplete and controversial. In order to gain an evolutionary insight into this process, we have sequenced the control region of mtDNA in samples of contemporary tribal populations of eastern Siberia, Alaska, and Greenland and have compared them with those of Amerind speakers of the Pacific Northwest and with those of the Altai of central Siberia. Specifically, we have analyzed sequence diversity in 33 mitochondrial lineages identified in 90 individuals belonging to five Circumpolar populations of Beringia, North America, and Greenland: Chukchi from Siberia, Inupiaq Eskimos and Athapaskans from Alaska, Eskimos from West Greenland, and Haida from Canada. Hereafter, we refer to these five populations as "Circumarctic peoples." These data were then compared with the sequence diversity in 47 mitochondrial lineages identified in a sample of 145 individuals from three Amerind-speaking tribes (Bella Coola, Nuu-Chah-Nulth, and Yakima) of the Pacific Northwest, plus 16 mitochondrial lineages identified in a sample of 17 Altai from central Siberia. Sequence diversity within and among Circumarctic populations is considerably less than the sequence diversity observed within and among the three Amerind tribes. The similarity of sequences found among the geographically dispersed Circumarctic groups, plus the small values of mean pairwise sequence differences within Circumarctic populations, suggest a recent and rapid evolutionary radiation of these populations. In addition, Circumarctic populations lack the 9-bp deletion which has been used to trace various migrations out of Asia, while populations of southeastern Siberia possess this deletion. On the basis of these observations, while the evolutionary affinities of Native Americans extend west to the Circumarctic populations of eastern Siberia, they do not include the Altai of central Siberia. |
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F ; SCHMIECHEN, A. M ; FRAZIER, B. L ; REDD, A ; VOEVODA, M. I ; REED, J. K ; WARD, R. H</creator><creatorcontrib>SHIELDS, G. F ; SCHMIECHEN, A. M ; FRAZIER, B. L ; REDD, A ; VOEVODA, M. I ; REED, J. K ; WARD, R. H</creatorcontrib><description>Conventional descriptions of the pattern and process of human entry into the New World from Asia are incomplete and controversial. In order to gain an evolutionary insight into this process, we have sequenced the control region of mtDNA in samples of contemporary tribal populations of eastern Siberia, Alaska, and Greenland and have compared them with those of Amerind speakers of the Pacific Northwest and with those of the Altai of central Siberia. Specifically, we have analyzed sequence diversity in 33 mitochondrial lineages identified in 90 individuals belonging to five Circumpolar populations of Beringia, North America, and Greenland: Chukchi from Siberia, Inupiaq Eskimos and Athapaskans from Alaska, Eskimos from West Greenland, and Haida from Canada. Hereafter, we refer to these five populations as "Circumarctic peoples." These data were then compared with the sequence diversity in 47 mitochondrial lineages identified in a sample of 145 individuals from three Amerind-speaking tribes (Bella Coola, Nuu-Chah-Nulth, and Yakima) of the Pacific Northwest, plus 16 mitochondrial lineages identified in a sample of 17 Altai from central Siberia. Sequence diversity within and among Circumarctic populations is considerably less than the sequence diversity observed within and among the three Amerind tribes. The similarity of sequences found among the geographically dispersed Circumarctic groups, plus the small values of mean pairwise sequence differences within Circumarctic populations, suggest a recent and rapid evolutionary radiation of these populations. In addition, Circumarctic populations lack the 9-bp deletion which has been used to trace various migrations out of Asia, while populations of southeastern Siberia possess this deletion. On the basis of these observations, while the evolutionary affinities of Native Americans extend west to the Circumarctic populations of eastern Siberia, they do not include the Altai of central Siberia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9297</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6605</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8352271</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJHGAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press</publisher><subject>Alaska ; Arctic Regions ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics ; Base Sequence ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological evolution ; DNA ; DNA, Mitochondrial - analysis ; DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution ; Greenland ; Humans ; Indians, North American - genetics ; Inuits - genetics ; Male ; man ; mitochondria ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Northwestern United States ; Phylogeny ; population genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Deletion ; Siberia</subject><ispartof>American journal of human genetics, 1993-09, Vol.53 (3), p.549-562</ispartof><rights>1993 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1682422/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1682422/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4867594$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8352271$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>SHIELDS, G. F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SCHMIECHEN, A. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FRAZIER, B. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>REDD, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VOEVODA, M. I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>REED, J. K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WARD, R. H</creatorcontrib><title>mtDNA sequences suggest a recent evolutionary divergence for Beringian and Northern North American populations</title><title>American journal of human genetics</title><addtitle>Am J Hum Genet</addtitle><description>Conventional descriptions of the pattern and process of human entry into the New World from Asia are incomplete and controversial. In order to gain an evolutionary insight into this process, we have sequenced the control region of mtDNA in samples of contemporary tribal populations of eastern Siberia, Alaska, and Greenland and have compared them with those of Amerind speakers of the Pacific Northwest and with those of the Altai of central Siberia. Specifically, we have analyzed sequence diversity in 33 mitochondrial lineages identified in 90 individuals belonging to five Circumpolar populations of Beringia, North America, and Greenland: Chukchi from Siberia, Inupiaq Eskimos and Athapaskans from Alaska, Eskimos from West Greenland, and Haida from Canada. Hereafter, we refer to these five populations as "Circumarctic peoples." These data were then compared with the sequence diversity in 47 mitochondrial lineages identified in a sample of 145 individuals from three Amerind-speaking tribes (Bella Coola, Nuu-Chah-Nulth, and Yakima) of the Pacific Northwest, plus 16 mitochondrial lineages identified in a sample of 17 Altai from central Siberia. Sequence diversity within and among Circumarctic populations is considerably less than the sequence diversity observed within and among the three Amerind tribes. The similarity of sequences found among the geographically dispersed Circumarctic groups, plus the small values of mean pairwise sequence differences within Circumarctic populations, suggest a recent and rapid evolutionary radiation of these populations. In addition, Circumarctic populations lack the 9-bp deletion which has been used to trace various migrations out of Asia, while populations of southeastern Siberia possess this deletion. On the basis of these observations, while the evolutionary affinities of Native Americans extend west to the Circumarctic populations of eastern Siberia, they do not include the Altai of central Siberia.</description><subject>Alaska</subject><subject>Arctic Regions</subject><subject>Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biological evolution</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA, Mitochondrial - analysis</subject><subject>DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution</subject><subject>Greenland</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Indians, North American - genetics</subject><subject>Inuits - genetics</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>man</subject><subject>mitochondria</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Northwestern United States</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>population genetics</subject><subject>Sequence Analysis, DNA</subject><subject>Sequence Deletion</subject><subject>Siberia</subject><issn>0002-9297</issn><issn>1537-6605</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1993</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1LxDAQxYsouq7-CUIO4q2QjyZNL8L6LYhe9l6m6bRG2qQm7YL_vV12ET15mge_x-PNzEGyYFLkqVJUHiYLSilPC17kJ8lpjB-UMqapOE6OtZCc52yRuH68e12RiJ8TOoORxKltMY4ESECDbiS48d00Wu8gfJHabjC0WydpfCA3GKxrLTgCriavPozvGNxOkFU_UzOzwQ9TB9uIeJYcNdBFPN_PZbJ-uF_fPqUvb4_Pt6uXdBCcjak2MpNYSaoyKJDmlanVrJVkGWS01oqhbLiAumEKQZhCmgoAeFVIqo0Sy-R6FztMVY_1do8AXTkE289blB5s-Zc4-162flMypXnG-RxwtQ8Ifr5MHMveRoNdBw79FMtc6kLmMvvXyJTSTBTbShe_K_102X9i5pd7DtFA1wRwxsYfW6ZVLotMfAOl15XI</recordid><startdate>19930901</startdate><enddate>19930901</enddate><creator>SHIELDS, G. F</creator><creator>SCHMIECHEN, A. M</creator><creator>FRAZIER, B. L</creator><creator>REDD, A</creator><creator>VOEVODA, M. I</creator><creator>REED, J. K</creator><creator>WARD, R. H</creator><general>University of Chicago Press</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7T3</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19930901</creationdate><title>mtDNA sequences suggest a recent evolutionary divergence for Beringian and Northern North American populations</title><author>SHIELDS, G. F ; SCHMIECHEN, A. M ; FRAZIER, B. L ; REDD, A ; VOEVODA, M. I ; REED, J. K ; WARD, R. H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p321t-8c545eb5064a9e07bcd60646514a40d861e5f23adf16ea3c95cbaaa2b9508c63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1993</creationdate><topic>Alaska</topic><topic>Arctic Regions</topic><topic>Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biological evolution</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA, Mitochondrial - analysis</topic><topic>DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution</topic><topic>Greenland</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Indians, North American - genetics</topic><topic>Inuits - genetics</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>man</topic><topic>mitochondria</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Northwestern United States</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>population genetics</topic><topic>Sequence Analysis, DNA</topic><topic>Sequence Deletion</topic><topic>Siberia</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>SHIELDS, G. F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SCHMIECHEN, A. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FRAZIER, B. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>REDD, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VOEVODA, M. I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>REED, J. K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WARD, R. 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H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>mtDNA sequences suggest a recent evolutionary divergence for Beringian and Northern North American populations</atitle><jtitle>American journal of human genetics</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Hum Genet</addtitle><date>1993-09-01</date><risdate>1993</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>549</spage><epage>562</epage><pages>549-562</pages><issn>0002-9297</issn><eissn>1537-6605</eissn><coden>AJHGAG</coden><abstract>Conventional descriptions of the pattern and process of human entry into the New World from Asia are incomplete and controversial. In order to gain an evolutionary insight into this process, we have sequenced the control region of mtDNA in samples of contemporary tribal populations of eastern Siberia, Alaska, and Greenland and have compared them with those of Amerind speakers of the Pacific Northwest and with those of the Altai of central Siberia. Specifically, we have analyzed sequence diversity in 33 mitochondrial lineages identified in 90 individuals belonging to five Circumpolar populations of Beringia, North America, and Greenland: Chukchi from Siberia, Inupiaq Eskimos and Athapaskans from Alaska, Eskimos from West Greenland, and Haida from Canada. Hereafter, we refer to these five populations as "Circumarctic peoples." These data were then compared with the sequence diversity in 47 mitochondrial lineages identified in a sample of 145 individuals from three Amerind-speaking tribes (Bella Coola, Nuu-Chah-Nulth, and Yakima) of the Pacific Northwest, plus 16 mitochondrial lineages identified in a sample of 17 Altai from central Siberia. Sequence diversity within and among Circumarctic populations is considerably less than the sequence diversity observed within and among the three Amerind tribes. The similarity of sequences found among the geographically dispersed Circumarctic groups, plus the small values of mean pairwise sequence differences within Circumarctic populations, suggest a recent and rapid evolutionary radiation of these populations. In addition, Circumarctic populations lack the 9-bp deletion which has been used to trace various migrations out of Asia, while populations of southeastern Siberia possess this deletion. On the basis of these observations, while the evolutionary affinities of Native Americans extend west to the Circumarctic populations of eastern Siberia, they do not include the Altai of central Siberia.</abstract><cop>Chicago, IL</cop><pub>University of Chicago Press</pub><pmid>8352271</pmid><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alaska Arctic Regions Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics Base Sequence Biological and medical sciences Biological evolution DNA DNA, Mitochondrial - analysis DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetic Variation Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution Greenland Humans Indians, North American - genetics Inuits - genetics Male man mitochondria Molecular Sequence Data Northwestern United States Phylogeny population genetics Sequence Analysis, DNA Sequence Deletion Siberia |
title | mtDNA sequences suggest a recent evolutionary divergence for Beringian and Northern North American populations |
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