Vaginal microbial flora in normal young women
Vaginal swabs were taken from 1498 women attending a family planning clinic. The flora was assessed in the absence of any information about the women to whom the swabs related. Yeasts and fungi were present in 311 women (21%) and were no more prevalent among "pill" users than others. Candi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BMJ 1979-06, Vol.1 (6176), p.1450-1453 |
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| creator | Goldacre, M J Watt, B Loudon, N Milne, L J Loudon, J D Vessey, M P |
| description | Vaginal swabs were taken from 1498 women attending a family planning clinic. The flora was assessed in the absence of any information about the women to whom the swabs related. Yeasts and fungi were present in 311 women (21%) and were no more prevalent among "pill" users than others. Candida albicans was significantly associated with vulval itching and with a vaginal discharge described as heavier than normal or curdy on clinical examination, though these abnormalities were present in only a minority of women with the organism. Trichomonas vaginalis was found in 14 women (1%) and was associated with abnormalities of vaginal discharge in all but one. Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were significantly more common in women with a troublesome vaginal discharge and those who used an intrauterine device than others. No associations were found between fungi other than C albicans or the other bacteria sought and either symptoms or clinical abnormalities of vaginal discharge. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/bmj.1.6176.1450 |
| format | Article |
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The flora was assessed in the absence of any information about the women to whom the swabs related. Yeasts and fungi were present in 311 women (21%) and were no more prevalent among "pill" users than others. Candida albicans was significantly associated with vulval itching and with a vaginal discharge described as heavier than normal or curdy on clinical examination, though these abnormalities were present in only a minority of women with the organism. Trichomonas vaginalis was found in 14 women (1%) and was associated with abnormalities of vaginal discharge in all but one. Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were significantly more common in women with a troublesome vaginal discharge and those who used an intrauterine device than others. No associations were found between fungi other than C albicans or the other bacteria sought and either symptoms or clinical abnormalities of vaginal discharge.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-1447</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0959-8138</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-5833</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.6176.1450</identifier><identifier>PMID: 380743</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: British Medical Journal Publishing Group</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Anaerobic bacteria ; Candida albicans - isolation & purification ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Female ; Flora ; Fornix ; Fungi ; Fungi - isolation & purification ; Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria - isolation & purification ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Intrauterine Devices ; Leukorrhea - microbiology ; Middle Aged ; Obstetrics ; Oral contraceptives ; Pruritus Vulvae - microbiology ; Symptoms ; Trichomonas vaginalis - isolation & purification ; Vagina - microbiology ; Vaginal discharge</subject><ispartof>BMJ, 1979-06, Vol.1 (6176), p.1450-1453</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1979 British Medical Journal</rights><rights>Copyright BMJ Publishing Group LTD Jun 2, 1979</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b510t-2998c0488a3769d0c81628c5c54ecab122f02e9b1fe63a33007f6baac0c96f833</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/25432617$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/25432617$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,803,885,27923,27924,53790,53792,58016,58249</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/380743$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Goldacre, M J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watt, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loudon, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milne, L J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loudon, J D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vessey, M P</creatorcontrib><title>Vaginal microbial flora in normal young women</title><title>BMJ</title><addtitle>Br Med J</addtitle><description>Vaginal swabs were taken from 1498 women attending a family planning clinic. The flora was assessed in the absence of any information about the women to whom the swabs related. Yeasts and fungi were present in 311 women (21%) and were no more prevalent among "pill" users than others. Candida albicans was significantly associated with vulval itching and with a vaginal discharge described as heavier than normal or curdy on clinical examination, though these abnormalities were present in only a minority of women with the organism. Trichomonas vaginalis was found in 14 women (1%) and was associated with abnormalities of vaginal discharge in all but one. Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were significantly more common in women with a troublesome vaginal discharge and those who used an intrauterine device than others. No associations were found between fungi other than C albicans or the other bacteria sought and either symptoms or clinical abnormalities of vaginal discharge.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anaerobic bacteria</subject><subject>Candida albicans - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Contraceptives, Oral</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Flora</subject><subject>Fornix</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Fungi - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Gynecology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intrauterine Devices</subject><subject>Leukorrhea - microbiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Obstetrics</subject><subject>Oral contraceptives</subject><subject>Pruritus Vulvae - microbiology</subject><subject>Symptoms</subject><subject>Trichomonas vaginalis - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Vagina - microbiology</subject><subject>Vaginal discharge</subject><issn>0007-1447</issn><issn>0959-8138</issn><issn>1468-5833</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1979</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUtrGzEUhUXpyyRZZ5OCIdBFYBxdvbUJBNM2AdM20HorNIrGlTszSqSZpPn3lZlg2m66ki7f0eHoHoSOAS8AqDivu-0CFgKkWADj-AWaAROq4orSl2iGMZYVMCbfoqOct2UkVCot2Bv0miosGZ2ham03obftvAsuxTqUW9PGZOehn_cxdWV-imO_mT_GzveH6FVj2-yPns8D9P3jh2_Lq2r15dP18nJV1RzwUBGtlcNMKUul0LfYKRBEOe44887WQEiDidc1NF5QS2nJ2YjaWoedFk0Jf4AuJt-7se78rfP9kGxr7lLobHoy0QbzN-nDD7OJDwa41ljyYvD-2SDF-9HnwXQhO9-2tvdxzEYyQbUUpAhP_xFu45jKQrIBKQUFDoQV1fmkKjvKOflmHwWw2TVhShMGzK4Js2uivDj58wd7_bT3gt9NeJuHmPaUcEZJMSm8mnjIg_-15zb9NEJSyc3n9dKs1YoA-XpjRNGfTfpdjv9l-w0rQqiz</recordid><startdate>19790602</startdate><enddate>19790602</enddate><creator>Goldacre, M J</creator><creator>Watt, B</creator><creator>Loudon, N</creator><creator>Milne, L J</creator><creator>Loudon, J D</creator><creator>Vessey, M P</creator><general>British Medical Journal Publishing Group</general><general>British Medical Association</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19790602</creationdate><title>Vaginal microbial flora in normal young women</title><author>Goldacre, M J ; Watt, B ; Loudon, N ; Milne, L J ; Loudon, J D ; Vessey, M P</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b510t-2998c0488a3769d0c81628c5c54ecab122f02e9b1fe63a33007f6baac0c96f833</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1979</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anaerobic bacteria</topic><topic>Candida albicans - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Contraceptives, Oral</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Flora</topic><topic>Fornix</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>Fungi - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Gynecology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intrauterine Devices</topic><topic>Leukorrhea - microbiology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Obstetrics</topic><topic>Oral contraceptives</topic><topic>Pruritus Vulvae - microbiology</topic><topic>Symptoms</topic><topic>Trichomonas vaginalis - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Vagina - microbiology</topic><topic>Vaginal discharge</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Goldacre, M J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watt, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loudon, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milne, L J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loudon, J D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vessey, M P</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BMJ</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Goldacre, M J</au><au>Watt, B</au><au>Loudon, N</au><au>Milne, L J</au><au>Loudon, J D</au><au>Vessey, M P</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Vaginal microbial flora in normal young women</atitle><jtitle>BMJ</jtitle><addtitle>Br Med J</addtitle><date>1979-06-02</date><risdate>1979</risdate><volume>1</volume><issue>6176</issue><spage>1450</spage><epage>1453</epage><pages>1450-1453</pages><issn>0007-1447</issn><issn>0959-8138</issn><eissn>1468-5833</eissn><abstract>Vaginal swabs were taken from 1498 women attending a family planning clinic. The flora was assessed in the absence of any information about the women to whom the swabs related. Yeasts and fungi were present in 311 women (21%) and were no more prevalent among "pill" users than others. Candida albicans was significantly associated with vulval itching and with a vaginal discharge described as heavier than normal or curdy on clinical examination, though these abnormalities were present in only a minority of women with the organism. Trichomonas vaginalis was found in 14 women (1%) and was associated with abnormalities of vaginal discharge in all but one. Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were significantly more common in women with a troublesome vaginal discharge and those who used an intrauterine device than others. No associations were found between fungi other than C albicans or the other bacteria sought and either symptoms or clinical abnormalities of vaginal discharge.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>British Medical Journal Publishing Group</pub><pmid>380743</pmid><doi>10.1136/bmj.1.6176.1450</doi><tpages>4</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Anaerobic bacteria Candida albicans - isolation & purification Contraceptives, Oral Female Flora Fornix Fungi Fungi - isolation & purification Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria - isolation & purification Gynecology Humans Intrauterine Devices Leukorrhea - microbiology Middle Aged Obstetrics Oral contraceptives Pruritus Vulvae - microbiology Symptoms Trichomonas vaginalis - isolation & purification Vagina - microbiology Vaginal discharge |
| title | Vaginal microbial flora in normal young women |
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