Repressing a Repressor: Gibberellin-Induced Rapid Reduction of the RGA Protein in Arabidopsis
RGA (for repressor of ga1-3) and SPINDLY (SPY) are likely repressors of gibberellin (GA) signaling in Arabidopsis because the recessive rga and spy mutations partially suppressed the phenotype of the GA-deficient mutant ga1-3. We found that neither rga nor spy altered the GA levels in the wild-type...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Plant cell 2001-07, Vol.13 (7), p.1555-1565 |
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| creator | Silverstone, Aron L. Jung, Hou-Sung Dill, Alyssa Kawaide, Hiroshi Kamiya, Yuji Sun, Tai-ping |
| description | RGA (for repressor of ga1-3) and SPINDLY (SPY) are likely repressors of gibberellin (GA) signaling in Arabidopsis because the recessive rga and spy mutations partially suppressed the phenotype of the GA-deficient mutant ga1-3. We found that neither rga nor spy altered the GA levels in the wild-type or the ga1-3 background. However, expression of the GA biosynthetic gene GA4 was reduced 26% by the rga mutation, suggesting that partial derepression of the GA response pathway by rga resulted in the feedback inhibition of GA4 expression. The green fluorescent protein (GFP)-RGA fusion protein was localized to nuclei in transgenic Arabidopsis. This result supports the predicted function of RGA as a transcriptional regulator based on sequence analysis. Confocal microscopy and immunoblot analyses demonstrated that the levels of both the GFP-RGA fusion protein and endogenous RGA were reduced rapidly by GA treatment. Therefore, the GA signal appears to derepress the GA signaling pathway by degrading the repressor protein RGA. The effect of rga on GA4 gene expression and the effect of GA on RGA protein level allow us to identify part of the mechanism by which GA homeostasis is achieved. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1105/TPC.010047 |
| format | Article |
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We found that neither rga nor spy altered the GA levels in the wild-type or the ga1-3 background. However, expression of the GA biosynthetic gene GA4 was reduced 26% by the rga mutation, suggesting that partial derepression of the GA response pathway by rga resulted in the feedback inhibition of GA4 expression. The green fluorescent protein (GFP)-RGA fusion protein was localized to nuclei in transgenic Arabidopsis. This result supports the predicted function of RGA as a transcriptional regulator based on sequence analysis. Confocal microscopy and immunoblot analyses demonstrated that the levels of both the GFP-RGA fusion protein and endogenous RGA were reduced rapidly by GA treatment. Therefore, the GA signal appears to derepress the GA signaling pathway by degrading the repressor protein RGA. The effect of rga on GA4 gene expression and the effect of GA on RGA protein level allow us to identify part of the mechanism by which GA homeostasis is achieved.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1040-4651</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-298X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1105/TPC.010047</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11449051</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society of Plant Biologists</publisher><subject>Arabidopsis - genetics ; Arabidopsis - growth & development ; Arabidopsis - metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; Biosynthesis ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Nucleus - metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Genes, Regulator ; Genetic mutation ; Gibberellins ; Gibberellins - metabolism ; Gibberellins - pharmacology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Homeostasis ; Isotope Labeling ; Luminescent Proteins - genetics ; Messenger RNA ; Mixed Function Oxygenases - genetics ; Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Phenotypes ; Plant cells ; Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism ; Plant Growth Regulators - pharmacology ; Plant Proteins - genetics ; Plant Proteins - metabolism ; Plant Proteins - physiology ; Plants ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Proteins ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - metabolism ; Repressor Proteins - genetics ; Repressor Proteins - metabolism ; Repressor Proteins - pharmacology ; Repressor Proteins - physiology ; RNA, Plant ; Sequence Alignment ; Signal Transduction ; Suppression, Genetic ; Transcription Factors - biosynthesis ; Transcription Factors - genetics ; Transgenic plants</subject><ispartof>The Plant cell, 2001-07, Vol.13 (7), p.1555-1565</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2001 American Society of Plant Biologists</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Plant Physiologists Jul 2001</rights><rights>Copyright © 2001, American Society of Plant Biologists 2001</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c325t-6b1430490e34b3457dfd11e8634820f94f5a3abed79348b3019d1a95a14efa763</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3871386$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3871386$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,799,881,27903,27904,57996,58229</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11449051$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Silverstone, Aron L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Hou-Sung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dill, Alyssa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawaide, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamiya, Yuji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Tai-ping</creatorcontrib><title>Repressing a Repressor: Gibberellin-Induced Rapid Reduction of the RGA Protein in Arabidopsis</title><title>The Plant cell</title><addtitle>Plant Cell</addtitle><description>RGA (for repressor of ga1-3) and SPINDLY (SPY) are likely repressors of gibberellin (GA) signaling in Arabidopsis because the recessive rga and spy mutations partially suppressed the phenotype of the GA-deficient mutant ga1-3. We found that neither rga nor spy altered the GA levels in the wild-type or the ga1-3 background. However, expression of the GA biosynthetic gene GA4 was reduced 26% by the rga mutation, suggesting that partial derepression of the GA response pathway by rga resulted in the feedback inhibition of GA4 expression. The green fluorescent protein (GFP)-RGA fusion protein was localized to nuclei in transgenic Arabidopsis. This result supports the predicted function of RGA as a transcriptional regulator based on sequence analysis. Confocal microscopy and immunoblot analyses demonstrated that the levels of both the GFP-RGA fusion protein and endogenous RGA were reduced rapidly by GA treatment. Therefore, the GA signal appears to derepress the GA signaling pathway by degrading the repressor protein RGA. The effect of rga on GA4 gene expression and the effect of GA on RGA protein level allow us to identify part of the mechanism by which GA homeostasis is achieved.</description><subject>Arabidopsis - genetics</subject><subject>Arabidopsis - growth & development</subject><subject>Arabidopsis - metabolism</subject><subject>Arabidopsis Proteins</subject><subject>Biosynthesis</subject><subject>Blotting, Northern</subject><subject>Cell Nucleus - metabolism</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</subject><subject>Genes, Plant</subject><subject>Genes, Regulator</subject><subject>Genetic mutation</subject><subject>Gibberellins</subject><subject>Gibberellins - metabolism</subject><subject>Gibberellins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Green Fluorescent Proteins</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Isotope Labeling</subject><subject>Luminescent Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Messenger RNA</subject><subject>Mixed Function Oxygenases - genetics</subject><subject>Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Plant cells</subject><subject>Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism</subject><subject>Plant Growth Regulators - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plant Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Plant Proteins - physiology</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>Plants, Genetically Modified</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Recombinant Fusion Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Recombinant Fusion Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Repressor Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Repressor Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Repressor Proteins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Repressor Proteins - physiology</subject><subject>RNA, Plant</subject><subject>Sequence Alignment</subject><subject>Signal Transduction</subject><subject>Suppression, Genetic</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - 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genetics</topic><topic>Arabidopsis - growth & development</topic><topic>Arabidopsis - metabolism</topic><topic>Arabidopsis Proteins</topic><topic>Biosynthesis</topic><topic>Blotting, Northern</topic><topic>Cell Nucleus - metabolism</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</topic><topic>Genes, Plant</topic><topic>Genes, Regulator</topic><topic>Genetic mutation</topic><topic>Gibberellins</topic><topic>Gibberellins - metabolism</topic><topic>Gibberellins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Green Fluorescent Proteins</topic><topic>Homeostasis</topic><topic>Isotope Labeling</topic><topic>Luminescent Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Messenger RNA</topic><topic>Mixed Function Oxygenases - genetics</topic><topic>Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>Mutation</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Plant cells</topic><topic>Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism</topic><topic>Plant Growth Regulators - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plant Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Plant Proteins - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The Plant cell</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Silverstone, Aron L.</au><au>Jung, Hou-Sung</au><au>Dill, Alyssa</au><au>Kawaide, Hiroshi</au><au>Kamiya, Yuji</au><au>Sun, Tai-ping</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Repressing a Repressor: Gibberellin-Induced Rapid Reduction of the RGA Protein in Arabidopsis</atitle><jtitle>The Plant cell</jtitle><addtitle>Plant Cell</addtitle><date>2001-07-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1555</spage><epage>1565</epage><pages>1555-1565</pages><issn>1040-4651</issn><eissn>1532-298X</eissn><abstract>RGA (for repressor of ga1-3) and SPINDLY (SPY) are likely repressors of gibberellin (GA) signaling in Arabidopsis because the recessive rga and spy mutations partially suppressed the phenotype of the GA-deficient mutant ga1-3. We found that neither rga nor spy altered the GA levels in the wild-type or the ga1-3 background. However, expression of the GA biosynthetic gene GA4 was reduced 26% by the rga mutation, suggesting that partial derepression of the GA response pathway by rga resulted in the feedback inhibition of GA4 expression. The green fluorescent protein (GFP)-RGA fusion protein was localized to nuclei in transgenic Arabidopsis. This result supports the predicted function of RGA as a transcriptional regulator based on sequence analysis. Confocal microscopy and immunoblot analyses demonstrated that the levels of both the GFP-RGA fusion protein and endogenous RGA were reduced rapidly by GA treatment. Therefore, the GA signal appears to derepress the GA signaling pathway by degrading the repressor protein RGA. The effect of rga on GA4 gene expression and the effect of GA on RGA protein level allow us to identify part of the mechanism by which GA homeostasis is achieved.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Society of Plant Biologists</pub><pmid>11449051</pmid><doi>10.1105/TPC.010047</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Arabidopsis - genetics Arabidopsis - growth & development Arabidopsis - metabolism Arabidopsis Proteins Biosynthesis Blotting, Northern Cell Nucleus - metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes, Plant Genes, Regulator Genetic mutation Gibberellins Gibberellins - metabolism Gibberellins - pharmacology Green Fluorescent Proteins Homeostasis Isotope Labeling Luminescent Proteins - genetics Messenger RNA Mixed Function Oxygenases - genetics Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism Models, Biological Mutation Phenotypes Plant cells Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism Plant Growth Regulators - pharmacology Plant Proteins - genetics Plant Proteins - metabolism Plant Proteins - physiology Plants Plants, Genetically Modified Proteins Recombinant Fusion Proteins - genetics Recombinant Fusion Proteins - metabolism Repressor Proteins - genetics Repressor Proteins - metabolism Repressor Proteins - pharmacology Repressor Proteins - physiology RNA, Plant Sequence Alignment Signal Transduction Suppression, Genetic Transcription Factors - biosynthesis Transcription Factors - genetics Transgenic plants |
| title | Repressing a Repressor: Gibberellin-Induced Rapid Reduction of the RGA Protein in Arabidopsis |
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