The uncertainty (validity and reliability) of three electrothermometers in therapeutic modality research
Data from electrothermometers are used to determine therapeutic modality usage, but the value of experimental results is only as good as the data collected. To determine the reliability and validity of 3 electrothermometers from 2 manufacturers. A 3 x 4 x 17 factorial with repeated measures on 2 fac...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of athletic training 2005-07, Vol.40 (3), p.207-210 |
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| creator | Jutte, Lisa S Knight, Kenneth L Long, Blaine C Hawkins, Jeremy R Schulthies, Shane S Dalley, Ethan B |
| description | Data from electrothermometers are used to determine therapeutic modality usage, but the value of experimental results is only as good as the data collected.
To determine the reliability and validity of 3 electrothermometers from 2 manufacturers.
A 3 x 4 x 17 factorial with repeated measures on 2 factors. Independent variables were trial (1, 2, 3), thermometer (mercury thermometer, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -50 degrees C to 50 degrees C, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -20 degrees C to 80 degrees C, and Datalogger), and time (17).
Human Performance Research Center.
Eighteen thermocouples were inserted through the wall of a foamed polystyrene cooler, and 6 were connected to each of the 3 electrothermometers. The cooler was positioned on a stir plate and filled with room-temperature water (18.4 degrees C). A mercury thermometer was immersed into the water bath. Measurements of the water bath were taken every 10 seconds for three 3-minute trials.
The temperature variability of 3 electrothermometers was taken from a calibrated mercury thermometer.
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers did not differ statistically from each other in uncertainty (validity error +/- reliability error = 0.06 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.02 degrees C, P < .05), but both differed from the Datalogger (0.64 degrees C +/- 0.20 degrees C, P < .05). The Datalogger temperature was consistently higher than the mercury thermometer temperature.
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers were more stable than the Datalogger, and values were within the published uncertainty (+/-0.1 degrees C) when used with PT-6 thermocouples. The Datalogger we used had an uncertainty of measurement greater than that indicated in the user's manual (approximately +/-0.52 degrees C). Uncertainty of +/-0.84 degrees C can significantly influence the interpretation of results when intramuscular temperature changes are usually less than 5 degrees C. |
| format | Article |
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To determine the reliability and validity of 3 electrothermometers from 2 manufacturers.
A 3 x 4 x 17 factorial with repeated measures on 2 factors. Independent variables were trial (1, 2, 3), thermometer (mercury thermometer, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -50 degrees C to 50 degrees C, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -20 degrees C to 80 degrees C, and Datalogger), and time (17).
Human Performance Research Center.
Eighteen thermocouples were inserted through the wall of a foamed polystyrene cooler, and 6 were connected to each of the 3 electrothermometers. The cooler was positioned on a stir plate and filled with room-temperature water (18.4 degrees C). A mercury thermometer was immersed into the water bath. Measurements of the water bath were taken every 10 seconds for three 3-minute trials.
The temperature variability of 3 electrothermometers was taken from a calibrated mercury thermometer.
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers did not differ statistically from each other in uncertainty (validity error +/- reliability error = 0.06 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.02 degrees C, P < .05), but both differed from the Datalogger (0.64 degrees C +/- 0.20 degrees C, P < .05). The Datalogger temperature was consistently higher than the mercury thermometer temperature.
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers were more stable than the Datalogger, and values were within the published uncertainty (+/-0.1 degrees C) when used with PT-6 thermocouples. The Datalogger we used had an uncertainty of measurement greater than that indicated in the user's manual (approximately +/-0.52 degrees C). Uncertainty of +/-0.84 degrees C can significantly influence the interpretation of results when intramuscular temperature changes are usually less than 5 degrees C.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1062-6050</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-162X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16284643</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Athletic Trainers Association</publisher><subject>Accuracy ; Climate ; Computers ; Individual Differences ; Measurement ; Original Research ; Outcome Measures ; Reliability ; Research Design ; Statistical Analysis ; Thermometers ; Validation studies ; Validity ; Water</subject><ispartof>Journal of athletic training, 2005-07, Vol.40 (3), p.207-210</ispartof><rights>Copyright National Athletic Trainers Association Jul-Sep 2005</rights><rights>National Athletic Trainers' Association, Inc. 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1250265/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1250265/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284643$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jutte, Lisa S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knight, Kenneth L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Long, Blaine C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hawkins, Jeremy R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schulthies, Shane S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalley, Ethan B</creatorcontrib><title>The uncertainty (validity and reliability) of three electrothermometers in therapeutic modality research</title><title>Journal of athletic training</title><addtitle>J Athl Train</addtitle><description>Data from electrothermometers are used to determine therapeutic modality usage, but the value of experimental results is only as good as the data collected.
To determine the reliability and validity of 3 electrothermometers from 2 manufacturers.
A 3 x 4 x 17 factorial with repeated measures on 2 factors. Independent variables were trial (1, 2, 3), thermometer (mercury thermometer, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -50 degrees C to 50 degrees C, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -20 degrees C to 80 degrees C, and Datalogger), and time (17).
Human Performance Research Center.
Eighteen thermocouples were inserted through the wall of a foamed polystyrene cooler, and 6 were connected to each of the 3 electrothermometers. The cooler was positioned on a stir plate and filled with room-temperature water (18.4 degrees C). A mercury thermometer was immersed into the water bath. Measurements of the water bath were taken every 10 seconds for three 3-minute trials.
The temperature variability of 3 electrothermometers was taken from a calibrated mercury thermometer.
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers did not differ statistically from each other in uncertainty (validity error +/- reliability error = 0.06 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.02 degrees C, P < .05), but both differed from the Datalogger (0.64 degrees C +/- 0.20 degrees C, P < .05). The Datalogger temperature was consistently higher than the mercury thermometer temperature.
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers were more stable than the Datalogger, and values were within the published uncertainty (+/-0.1 degrees C) when used with PT-6 thermocouples. The Datalogger we used had an uncertainty of measurement greater than that indicated in the user's manual (approximately +/-0.52 degrees C). Uncertainty of +/-0.84 degrees C can significantly influence the interpretation of results when intramuscular temperature changes are usually less than 5 degrees C.</description><subject>Accuracy</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>Computers</subject><subject>Individual Differences</subject><subject>Measurement</subject><subject>Original Research</subject><subject>Outcome Measures</subject><subject>Reliability</subject><subject>Research Design</subject><subject>Statistical Analysis</subject><subject>Thermometers</subject><subject>Validation studies</subject><subject>Validity</subject><subject>Water</subject><issn>1062-6050</issn><issn>1938-162X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUU1LxDAQLaK46-pfkOBB9FBIkzRNL4IsfsGClxW8lTSZ2ixps6bpwv57s7iKevE085g3jzdvDpJpVlKRZpy8HsYec5JynONJcjIMK4wzkpf8OJnEuWCc0WnSLltAY6_AB2n6sEVXG2mNNrGTvUYerJG1sRFfI9eg0HoABBZU8C604DvXQQA_INOjHZZrGINRqHNa7raiwgDSq_Y0OWqkHeBsX2fJy_3dcv6YLp4fnua3i3RNCQmplrWoS4wlNLUuSiWYBs0kywtBKeE1aWQGQukMNOdZyQhtikKokumGlpQwOktuPnXXY92BVtAHL2219qaTfls5aarfk9601ZvbVDEbTHgeBS73At69jzCEqjODAmtlD24cKi6KkhOe_UvMCpZjLngkXvwhrtzo-5hCRTDnTOB4xiw5_-n72_DXq-gHanmT_g</recordid><startdate>20050701</startdate><enddate>20050701</enddate><creator>Jutte, Lisa S</creator><creator>Knight, Kenneth L</creator><creator>Long, Blaine C</creator><creator>Hawkins, Jeremy R</creator><creator>Schulthies, Shane S</creator><creator>Dalley, Ethan B</creator><general>National Athletic Trainers Association</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88B</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8A4</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CJNVE</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0P</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEDU</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050701</creationdate><title>The uncertainty (validity and reliability) of three electrothermometers in therapeutic modality research</title><author>Jutte, Lisa S ; Knight, Kenneth L ; Long, Blaine C ; Hawkins, Jeremy R ; Schulthies, Shane S ; Dalley, Ethan B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p322t-dab8b900aefbd79c84ded4a45783326b2fa1e8cd1ed6619423f778c94df393243</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Accuracy</topic><topic>Climate</topic><topic>Computers</topic><topic>Individual Differences</topic><topic>Measurement</topic><topic>Original Research</topic><topic>Outcome Measures</topic><topic>Reliability</topic><topic>Research Design</topic><topic>Statistical Analysis</topic><topic>Thermometers</topic><topic>Validation studies</topic><topic>Validity</topic><topic>Water</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jutte, Lisa S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knight, Kenneth L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Long, Blaine C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hawkins, Jeremy R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schulthies, Shane S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalley, Ethan B</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Education Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Education Periodicals</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Education Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Education Database</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Education</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of athletic training</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jutte, Lisa S</au><au>Knight, Kenneth L</au><au>Long, Blaine C</au><au>Hawkins, Jeremy R</au><au>Schulthies, Shane S</au><au>Dalley, Ethan B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The uncertainty (validity and reliability) of three electrothermometers in therapeutic modality research</atitle><jtitle>Journal of athletic training</jtitle><addtitle>J Athl Train</addtitle><date>2005-07-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>207</spage><epage>210</epage><pages>207-210</pages><issn>1062-6050</issn><eissn>1938-162X</eissn><abstract>Data from electrothermometers are used to determine therapeutic modality usage, but the value of experimental results is only as good as the data collected.
To determine the reliability and validity of 3 electrothermometers from 2 manufacturers.
A 3 x 4 x 17 factorial with repeated measures on 2 factors. Independent variables were trial (1, 2, 3), thermometer (mercury thermometer, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -50 degrees C to 50 degrees C, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -20 degrees C to 80 degrees C, and Datalogger), and time (17).
Human Performance Research Center.
Eighteen thermocouples were inserted through the wall of a foamed polystyrene cooler, and 6 were connected to each of the 3 electrothermometers. The cooler was positioned on a stir plate and filled with room-temperature water (18.4 degrees C). A mercury thermometer was immersed into the water bath. Measurements of the water bath were taken every 10 seconds for three 3-minute trials.
The temperature variability of 3 electrothermometers was taken from a calibrated mercury thermometer.
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers did not differ statistically from each other in uncertainty (validity error +/- reliability error = 0.06 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.02 degrees C, P < .05), but both differed from the Datalogger (0.64 degrees C +/- 0.20 degrees C, P < .05). The Datalogger temperature was consistently higher than the mercury thermometer temperature.
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers were more stable than the Datalogger, and values were within the published uncertainty (+/-0.1 degrees C) when used with PT-6 thermocouples. The Datalogger we used had an uncertainty of measurement greater than that indicated in the user's manual (approximately +/-0.52 degrees C). Uncertainty of +/-0.84 degrees C can significantly influence the interpretation of results when intramuscular temperature changes are usually less than 5 degrees C.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Athletic Trainers Association</pub><pmid>16284643</pmid><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Accuracy Climate Computers Individual Differences Measurement Original Research Outcome Measures Reliability Research Design Statistical Analysis Thermometers Validation studies Validity Water |
| title | The uncertainty (validity and reliability) of three electrothermometers in therapeutic modality research |
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