The Impact of Lesion-Specific and Sampling-Related Factors on Success of Salivary Gland Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology
Purpose Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a widely used diagnostic procedure which facilitates the differentiation of salivary gland lesions. Although the performance of salivary gland FNAC (SG-FNAC) has improved since the introduction of the Milan System for Reporting Sali...
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creator | Mayer, Marcel Alfarra, Mohammad Marwan Möllenhoff, Kathrin Engels, Marianne Arolt, Christoph Quaas, Alexander Wolber, Philipp Jansen, Louis Nachtsheim, Lisa Grosheva, Maria Klussmann, Jens Peter Shabli, Sami |
description | Purpose
Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a widely used diagnostic procedure which facilitates the differentiation of salivary gland lesions. Although the performance of salivary gland FNAC (SG-FNAC) has improved since the introduction of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC), the range of the reported performance is still wide. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine lesion- and sampling-related factors that influence the success of SG-FNAC.
Methods
All SG-FNAC cases performed in a tertiary referral hospital between September 1st, 2011, and August 31st, 2022, were retrospectively identified. Demographic, histopathological, lesion-specific, and sampling-related data were retrieved from the clinical charts. Cytopathological reports were categorized according to the MSRSGC. The risk of malignancy (ROM), the performance measures, and factors influencing the success of SG-FNAC were calculated.
Results
Overall, 1289 cases with histopathological follow-up diagnosis (out of 1952 SG-FNACs) were included. The ROM was: non-diagnostic = 23.9%, non-neoplastic = 4.4%, atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) = 34.5%, neoplasm-benign = 1.0%, neoplasm-salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP) = 15.3%, suspicious for malignancy = 74.1%, malignant = 96.2%. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive value for differentiating benign from malignant lesions (excluding lesions categorized as AUS and SUMP) were 87.5%, 97.7%, 96.3%, 85.0%, and 98.1%, respectively. A larger lesion size (OR (95% CI) = 1.21 (1.06–1.39), p = 0.004), a higher number of obtained slides (OR (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.17–1.46), p |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12105-024-01741-3 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_11707220</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3153876019</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1993-2c4320d79f5d4e48413b7698d77b35f7eea33615756dfad4428adac898418d5d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUFv3CAQhVHVqEm2_QM9VBx7IQWDjX2qolU3jbRqpGx6RiyMN0QYXLBT7b8vm02j9NLTIM17b4b5EPrI6AWjVH7JrGK0JrQShDIpGOFv0BnreENo3bRvX71P0XnOD5Q2VAr6Dp3yTsqaSXmGft_dA74eRm0mHHu8huxiIJsRjOudwTpYvNHD6F3YkVvwegKLV0UcU8Yx4M1sDOR8sG60d4867fGVP7hWLgD5AWA94Ms8uqSnkoyX-yn6uNu_Rye99hk-PNcF-rn6drf8TtY3V9fLyzUxrOs4qYzgFbWy62srQLSC8a1sutZKueV1LwE05w2rZd3YXlshqlZbbdquKFtbW75AX4-547wdwBoIU9JejckNZVcVtVP_doK7V7v4qBiTVFYVLQmfnxNS_DVDntTgsgFffglxzoqzmreyoeXYC1QdpSbFnBP0L3MYVQdk6ohMFWTqCZnixfTp9YYvlr-MioAfBbm0wg6SeohzCuVq_4v9A6DtosQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3153876019</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The Impact of Lesion-Specific and Sampling-Related Factors on Success of Salivary Gland Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Mayer, Marcel ; Alfarra, Mohammad Marwan ; Möllenhoff, Kathrin ; Engels, Marianne ; Arolt, Christoph ; Quaas, Alexander ; Wolber, Philipp ; Jansen, Louis ; Nachtsheim, Lisa ; Grosheva, Maria ; Klussmann, Jens Peter ; Shabli, Sami</creator><creatorcontrib>Mayer, Marcel ; Alfarra, Mohammad Marwan ; Möllenhoff, Kathrin ; Engels, Marianne ; Arolt, Christoph ; Quaas, Alexander ; Wolber, Philipp ; Jansen, Louis ; Nachtsheim, Lisa ; Grosheva, Maria ; Klussmann, Jens Peter ; Shabli, Sami</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a widely used diagnostic procedure which facilitates the differentiation of salivary gland lesions. Although the performance of salivary gland FNAC (SG-FNAC) has improved since the introduction of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC), the range of the reported performance is still wide. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine lesion- and sampling-related factors that influence the success of SG-FNAC.
Methods
All SG-FNAC cases performed in a tertiary referral hospital between September 1st, 2011, and August 31st, 2022, were retrospectively identified. Demographic, histopathological, lesion-specific, and sampling-related data were retrieved from the clinical charts. Cytopathological reports were categorized according to the MSRSGC. The risk of malignancy (ROM), the performance measures, and factors influencing the success of SG-FNAC were calculated.
Results
Overall, 1289 cases with histopathological follow-up diagnosis (out of 1952 SG-FNACs) were included. The ROM was: non-diagnostic = 23.9%, non-neoplastic = 4.4%, atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) = 34.5%, neoplasm-benign = 1.0%, neoplasm-salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP) = 15.3%, suspicious for malignancy = 74.1%, malignant = 96.2%. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive value for differentiating benign from malignant lesions (excluding lesions categorized as AUS and SUMP) were 87.5%, 97.7%, 96.3%, 85.0%, and 98.1%, respectively. A larger lesion size (OR (95% CI) = 1.21 (1.06–1.39), p = 0.004), a higher number of obtained slides (OR (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.17–1.46), p < 0.001), and the physician performing the FNAC (p = 0.047) were independent predictors for a higher success, while localization of the lesion within the submandibular compared to the parotid gland (OR (95% CI) = 0.38 (0.19–0.77), p = 0.008) was an independent predictor for lower success of SG-FNAC.
Conclusion
This is the largest single-center study evaluating SG-FNAC performance to date. It identified independent lesion-and sampling-related factors influencing the success of SG-FNAC. Knowledge of those can improve performance of the procedure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1936-0568</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1936-055X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1936-0568</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01741-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39775177</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dentistry ; Female ; Humans ; Image-Guided Biopsy - methods ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ; Otorhinolaryngology ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms - diagnosis ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms - pathology ; Salivary Glands - pathology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Head & neck pathology (Totowa, N.J.), 2025-01, Vol.19 (1), p.1, Article 1</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2024</rights><rights>2024. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2024 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1993-2c4320d79f5d4e48413b7698d77b35f7eea33615756dfad4428adac898418d5d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12105-024-01741-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12105-024-01741-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39775177$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mayer, Marcel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alfarra, Mohammad Marwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Möllenhoff, Kathrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engels, Marianne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arolt, Christoph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quaas, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wolber, Philipp</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansen, Louis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nachtsheim, Lisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grosheva, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klussmann, Jens Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shabli, Sami</creatorcontrib><title>The Impact of Lesion-Specific and Sampling-Related Factors on Success of Salivary Gland Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology</title><title>Head & neck pathology (Totowa, N.J.)</title><addtitle>Head and Neck Pathol</addtitle><addtitle>Head Neck Pathol</addtitle><description>Purpose
Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a widely used diagnostic procedure which facilitates the differentiation of salivary gland lesions. Although the performance of salivary gland FNAC (SG-FNAC) has improved since the introduction of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC), the range of the reported performance is still wide. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine lesion- and sampling-related factors that influence the success of SG-FNAC.
Methods
All SG-FNAC cases performed in a tertiary referral hospital between September 1st, 2011, and August 31st, 2022, were retrospectively identified. Demographic, histopathological, lesion-specific, and sampling-related data were retrieved from the clinical charts. Cytopathological reports were categorized according to the MSRSGC. The risk of malignancy (ROM), the performance measures, and factors influencing the success of SG-FNAC were calculated.
Results
Overall, 1289 cases with histopathological follow-up diagnosis (out of 1952 SG-FNACs) were included. The ROM was: non-diagnostic = 23.9%, non-neoplastic = 4.4%, atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) = 34.5%, neoplasm-benign = 1.0%, neoplasm-salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP) = 15.3%, suspicious for malignancy = 74.1%, malignant = 96.2%. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive value for differentiating benign from malignant lesions (excluding lesions categorized as AUS and SUMP) were 87.5%, 97.7%, 96.3%, 85.0%, and 98.1%, respectively. A larger lesion size (OR (95% CI) = 1.21 (1.06–1.39), p = 0.004), a higher number of obtained slides (OR (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.17–1.46), p < 0.001), and the physician performing the FNAC (p = 0.047) were independent predictors for a higher success, while localization of the lesion within the submandibular compared to the parotid gland (OR (95% CI) = 0.38 (0.19–0.77), p = 0.008) was an independent predictor for lower success of SG-FNAC.
Conclusion
This is the largest single-center study evaluating SG-FNAC performance to date. It identified independent lesion-and sampling-related factors influencing the success of SG-FNAC. Knowledge of those can improve performance of the procedure.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biopsy, Fine-Needle</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Image-Guided Biopsy - methods</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery</subject><subject>Otorhinolaryngology</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Salivary Gland Neoplasms - diagnosis</subject><subject>Salivary Gland Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Salivary Glands - pathology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1936-0568</issn><issn>1936-055X</issn><issn>1936-0568</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUFv3CAQhVHVqEm2_QM9VBx7IQWDjX2qolU3jbRqpGx6RiyMN0QYXLBT7b8vm02j9NLTIM17b4b5EPrI6AWjVH7JrGK0JrQShDIpGOFv0BnreENo3bRvX71P0XnOD5Q2VAr6Dp3yTsqaSXmGft_dA74eRm0mHHu8huxiIJsRjOudwTpYvNHD6F3YkVvwegKLV0UcU8Yx4M1sDOR8sG60d4867fGVP7hWLgD5AWA94Ms8uqSnkoyX-yn6uNu_Rye99hk-PNcF-rn6drf8TtY3V9fLyzUxrOs4qYzgFbWy62srQLSC8a1sutZKueV1LwE05w2rZd3YXlshqlZbbdquKFtbW75AX4-547wdwBoIU9JejckNZVcVtVP_doK7V7v4qBiTVFYVLQmfnxNS_DVDntTgsgFffglxzoqzmreyoeXYC1QdpSbFnBP0L3MYVQdk6ohMFWTqCZnixfTp9YYvlr-MioAfBbm0wg6SeohzCuVq_4v9A6DtosQ</recordid><startdate>20250107</startdate><enddate>20250107</enddate><creator>Mayer, Marcel</creator><creator>Alfarra, Mohammad Marwan</creator><creator>Möllenhoff, Kathrin</creator><creator>Engels, Marianne</creator><creator>Arolt, Christoph</creator><creator>Quaas, Alexander</creator><creator>Wolber, Philipp</creator><creator>Jansen, Louis</creator><creator>Nachtsheim, Lisa</creator><creator>Grosheva, Maria</creator><creator>Klussmann, Jens Peter</creator><creator>Shabli, Sami</creator><general>Springer US</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20250107</creationdate><title>The Impact of Lesion-Specific and Sampling-Related Factors on Success of Salivary Gland Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology</title><author>Mayer, Marcel ; Alfarra, Mohammad Marwan ; Möllenhoff, Kathrin ; Engels, Marianne ; Arolt, Christoph ; Quaas, Alexander ; Wolber, Philipp ; Jansen, Louis ; Nachtsheim, Lisa ; Grosheva, Maria ; Klussmann, Jens Peter ; Shabli, Sami</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1993-2c4320d79f5d4e48413b7698d77b35f7eea33615756dfad4428adac898418d5d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Biopsy, Fine-Needle</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Image-Guided Biopsy - methods</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery</topic><topic>Otorhinolaryngology</topic><topic>Pathology</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Salivary Gland Neoplasms - diagnosis</topic><topic>Salivary Gland Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Salivary Glands - pathology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mayer, Marcel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alfarra, Mohammad Marwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Möllenhoff, Kathrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engels, Marianne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arolt, Christoph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quaas, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wolber, Philipp</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansen, Louis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nachtsheim, Lisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grosheva, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klussmann, Jens Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shabli, Sami</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Head & neck pathology (Totowa, N.J.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mayer, Marcel</au><au>Alfarra, Mohammad Marwan</au><au>Möllenhoff, Kathrin</au><au>Engels, Marianne</au><au>Arolt, Christoph</au><au>Quaas, Alexander</au><au>Wolber, Philipp</au><au>Jansen, Louis</au><au>Nachtsheim, Lisa</au><au>Grosheva, Maria</au><au>Klussmann, Jens Peter</au><au>Shabli, Sami</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Impact of Lesion-Specific and Sampling-Related Factors on Success of Salivary Gland Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology</atitle><jtitle>Head & neck pathology (Totowa, N.J.)</jtitle><stitle>Head and Neck Pathol</stitle><addtitle>Head Neck Pathol</addtitle><date>2025-01-07</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>1</spage><pages>1-</pages><artnum>1</artnum><issn>1936-0568</issn><issn>1936-055X</issn><eissn>1936-0568</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a widely used diagnostic procedure which facilitates the differentiation of salivary gland lesions. Although the performance of salivary gland FNAC (SG-FNAC) has improved since the introduction of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC), the range of the reported performance is still wide. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine lesion- and sampling-related factors that influence the success of SG-FNAC.
Methods
All SG-FNAC cases performed in a tertiary referral hospital between September 1st, 2011, and August 31st, 2022, were retrospectively identified. Demographic, histopathological, lesion-specific, and sampling-related data were retrieved from the clinical charts. Cytopathological reports were categorized according to the MSRSGC. The risk of malignancy (ROM), the performance measures, and factors influencing the success of SG-FNAC were calculated.
Results
Overall, 1289 cases with histopathological follow-up diagnosis (out of 1952 SG-FNACs) were included. The ROM was: non-diagnostic = 23.9%, non-neoplastic = 4.4%, atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) = 34.5%, neoplasm-benign = 1.0%, neoplasm-salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP) = 15.3%, suspicious for malignancy = 74.1%, malignant = 96.2%. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive value for differentiating benign from malignant lesions (excluding lesions categorized as AUS and SUMP) were 87.5%, 97.7%, 96.3%, 85.0%, and 98.1%, respectively. A larger lesion size (OR (95% CI) = 1.21 (1.06–1.39), p = 0.004), a higher number of obtained slides (OR (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.17–1.46), p < 0.001), and the physician performing the FNAC (p = 0.047) were independent predictors for a higher success, while localization of the lesion within the submandibular compared to the parotid gland (OR (95% CI) = 0.38 (0.19–0.77), p = 0.008) was an independent predictor for lower success of SG-FNAC.
Conclusion
This is the largest single-center study evaluating SG-FNAC performance to date. It identified independent lesion-and sampling-related factors influencing the success of SG-FNAC. Knowledge of those can improve performance of the procedure.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>39775177</pmid><doi>10.1007/s12105-024-01741-3</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Biopsy, Fine-Needle Child Child, Preschool Dentistry Female Humans Image-Guided Biopsy - methods Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Otorhinolaryngology Pathology Retrospective Studies Salivary Gland Neoplasms - diagnosis Salivary Gland Neoplasms - pathology Salivary Glands - pathology Young Adult |
title | The Impact of Lesion-Specific and Sampling-Related Factors on Success of Salivary Gland Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology |
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