Seasonal influenza vaccination: A global review of national policies in 194 WHO member states in 2022
Introduction: Seasonal influenza vaccination prevents severe influenza disease and death. The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages all countries to consider annual seasonal influenza vaccination for health workers, people with chronic conditions, older adults, pregnant women and other high-ris...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Vaccine 2024-12, Vol.42 (26), p.126274-None, Article 126274 |
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| creator | Goldin, Shoshanna Brooks, Donald Jorgensen, Pernille Wijesinghe, Pushpa Cho, Heeyoun Attia, Rania Doshi, Reena Nogareda, Francisco Herring, Belinda Dumolard, Laure Gibson, Randie Chadwick, Christopher Desai, Shalini Vilajeliu, Alba Lindstrand, Ann Tempia, Stefano Mott, Joshua Hess, Sarah |
| description | Introduction: Seasonal influenza vaccination prevents severe influenza disease and death. The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages all countries to consider annual seasonal influenza vaccination for health workers, people with chronic conditions, older adults, pregnant women and other high-risk populations as relevant for their national context. This paper provides a global update on the status of countries' influenza vaccination policies and programmes as of December 2022.
Methods: We analysed the WHO-UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) Joint Reporting Form on Immunization's influenza vaccine-related data. We used STATA 17 to conduct descriptive analyses of reported seasonal influenza vaccine availability and seasonal influenza vaccination policies globally.
Results: Seasonal influenza vaccine doses were available in 74 % of WHO Member States (143/194) in 2022. Fewer countries, 66 % of WHO Member States (128/194), had a seasonal influenza vaccination policy, of which 68 countries reported having a policy for the public sector, 53 for the public and private sectors, two for the private sector only, and five did not report the sector. More than half of WHO Member States (100 countries) recommend annual seasonal influenza vaccination for all four of the WHO recommended priority groups. Influenza vaccination coverage data were reported by 64 countries; globally the median coverage rates varied by group: 37 % for pregnant women, 55 % for older adults and 62 % for health workers.
Discussion: The number of countries using seasonal influenza vaccines has grown over time, but there is still opportunity for continued development and strengthening of national programmes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To support countries, WHO is providing technical guidance and resources to enable better reporting of influenza vaccination data. More complete and higher quality data will help countries and global health stakeholders to support national decision-making and programme strengthening. Where available, WHO encourages countries to co-administer influenza and COVID-19 vaccination to increase programmatic efficiency and coverage of both vaccines among recommended groups. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126274 |
| format | Article |
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Methods: We analysed the WHO-UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) Joint Reporting Form on Immunization's influenza vaccine-related data. We used STATA 17 to conduct descriptive analyses of reported seasonal influenza vaccine availability and seasonal influenza vaccination policies globally.
Results: Seasonal influenza vaccine doses were available in 74 % of WHO Member States (143/194) in 2022. Fewer countries, 66 % of WHO Member States (128/194), had a seasonal influenza vaccination policy, of which 68 countries reported having a policy for the public sector, 53 for the public and private sectors, two for the private sector only, and five did not report the sector. More than half of WHO Member States (100 countries) recommend annual seasonal influenza vaccination for all four of the WHO recommended priority groups. Influenza vaccination coverage data were reported by 64 countries; globally the median coverage rates varied by group: 37 % for pregnant women, 55 % for older adults and 62 % for health workers.
Discussion: The number of countries using seasonal influenza vaccines has grown over time, but there is still opportunity for continued development and strengthening of national programmes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To support countries, WHO is providing technical guidance and resources to enable better reporting of influenza vaccination data. More complete and higher quality data will help countries and global health stakeholders to support national decision-making and programme strengthening. Where available, WHO encourages countries to co-administer influenza and COVID-19 vaccination to increase programmatic efficiency and coverage of both vaccines among recommended groups.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0264-410X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1873-2518</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2518</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126274</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39299001</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adults ; At risk populations ; Availability ; Children ; Chronic conditions ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 infection ; death ; Decision making ; Female ; Global Health ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Immunization ; Immunization Programs - statistics & numerical data ; Influenza ; influenza vaccination ; influenza vaccines ; Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage ; Influenza, Human - prevention & control ; issues and policy ; Medical personnel ; Monitoring and evaluation ; Older people ; Policies ; Policy ; Pregnancy ; Private sector ; Public health ; Public sector ; Seasonal ; Seasons ; stakeholders ; Strengthening ; Vaccination ; Vaccination - statistics & numerical data ; Vaccines ; World Health Organization</subject><ispartof>Vaccine, 2024-12, Vol.42 (26), p.126274-None, Article 126274</ispartof><rights>2024</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Dec 2, 2024</rights><rights>2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-3ba9f525bbea067d5056fb6a44adbfccdf44e3ea342ee2b253cb2f02ef764e73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X24009563$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39299001$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Goldin, Shoshanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brooks, Donald</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jorgensen, Pernille</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wijesinghe, Pushpa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cho, Heeyoun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Attia, Rania</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doshi, Reena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nogareda, Francisco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herring, Belinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dumolard, Laure</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibson, Randie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chadwick, Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Desai, Shalini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vilajeliu, Alba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindstrand, Ann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tempia, Stefano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mott, Joshua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hess, Sarah</creatorcontrib><title>Seasonal influenza vaccination: A global review of national policies in 194 WHO member states in 2022</title><title>Vaccine</title><addtitle>Vaccine</addtitle><description>Introduction: Seasonal influenza vaccination prevents severe influenza disease and death. The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages all countries to consider annual seasonal influenza vaccination for health workers, people with chronic conditions, older adults, pregnant women and other high-risk populations as relevant for their national context. This paper provides a global update on the status of countries' influenza vaccination policies and programmes as of December 2022.
Methods: We analysed the WHO-UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) Joint Reporting Form on Immunization's influenza vaccine-related data. We used STATA 17 to conduct descriptive analyses of reported seasonal influenza vaccine availability and seasonal influenza vaccination policies globally.
Results: Seasonal influenza vaccine doses were available in 74 % of WHO Member States (143/194) in 2022. Fewer countries, 66 % of WHO Member States (128/194), had a seasonal influenza vaccination policy, of which 68 countries reported having a policy for the public sector, 53 for the public and private sectors, two for the private sector only, and five did not report the sector. More than half of WHO Member States (100 countries) recommend annual seasonal influenza vaccination for all four of the WHO recommended priority groups. Influenza vaccination coverage data were reported by 64 countries; globally the median coverage rates varied by group: 37 % for pregnant women, 55 % for older adults and 62 % for health workers.
Discussion: The number of countries using seasonal influenza vaccines has grown over time, but there is still opportunity for continued development and strengthening of national programmes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To support countries, WHO is providing technical guidance and resources to enable better reporting of influenza vaccination data. More complete and higher quality data will help countries and global health stakeholders to support national decision-making and programme strengthening. Where available, WHO encourages countries to co-administer influenza and COVID-19 vaccination to increase programmatic efficiency and coverage of both vaccines among recommended groups.</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>At risk populations</subject><subject>Availability</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Chronic conditions</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 infection</subject><subject>death</subject><subject>Decision making</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Global Health</subject><subject>Health Policy</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Immunization Programs - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>influenza vaccination</subject><subject>influenza vaccines</subject><subject>Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - prevention & control</subject><subject>issues and policy</subject><subject>Medical personnel</subject><subject>Monitoring and evaluation</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Policies</subject><subject>Policy</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Private sector</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Public sector</subject><subject>Seasonal</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>stakeholders</subject><subject>Strengthening</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Vaccination - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>World Health 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influenza vaccination: A global review of national policies in 194 WHO member states in 2022</title><author>Goldin, Shoshanna ; Brooks, Donald ; Jorgensen, Pernille ; Wijesinghe, Pushpa ; Cho, Heeyoun ; Attia, Rania ; Doshi, Reena ; Nogareda, Francisco ; Herring, Belinda ; Dumolard, Laure ; Gibson, Randie ; Chadwick, Christopher ; Desai, Shalini ; Vilajeliu, Alba ; Lindstrand, Ann ; Tempia, Stefano ; Mott, Joshua ; Hess, Sarah</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-3ba9f525bbea067d5056fb6a44adbfccdf44e3ea342ee2b253cb2f02ef764e73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adults</topic><topic>At risk populations</topic><topic>Availability</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Chronic conditions</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 infection</topic><topic>death</topic><topic>Decision making</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Global Health</topic><topic>Health Policy</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunization</topic><topic>Immunization Programs - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Influenza</topic><topic>influenza vaccination</topic><topic>influenza vaccines</topic><topic>Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Influenza, Human - prevention & control</topic><topic>issues and policy</topic><topic>Medical personnel</topic><topic>Monitoring and evaluation</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Policies</topic><topic>Policy</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Private sector</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Public sector</topic><topic>Seasonal</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>stakeholders</topic><topic>Strengthening</topic><topic>Vaccination</topic><topic>Vaccination - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Vaccines</topic><topic>World Health Organization</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Goldin, 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Stefano</au><au>Mott, Joshua</au><au>Hess, Sarah</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Seasonal influenza vaccination: A global review of national policies in 194 WHO member states in 2022</atitle><jtitle>Vaccine</jtitle><addtitle>Vaccine</addtitle><date>2024-12-02</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>26</issue><spage>126274</spage><epage>None</epage><pages>126274-None</pages><artnum>126274</artnum><issn>0264-410X</issn><issn>1873-2518</issn><eissn>1873-2518</eissn><abstract>Introduction: Seasonal influenza vaccination prevents severe influenza disease and death. The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages all countries to consider annual seasonal influenza vaccination for health workers, people with chronic conditions, older adults, pregnant women and other high-risk populations as relevant for their national context. This paper provides a global update on the status of countries' influenza vaccination policies and programmes as of December 2022.
Methods: We analysed the WHO-UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) Joint Reporting Form on Immunization's influenza vaccine-related data. We used STATA 17 to conduct descriptive analyses of reported seasonal influenza vaccine availability and seasonal influenza vaccination policies globally.
Results: Seasonal influenza vaccine doses were available in 74 % of WHO Member States (143/194) in 2022. Fewer countries, 66 % of WHO Member States (128/194), had a seasonal influenza vaccination policy, of which 68 countries reported having a policy for the public sector, 53 for the public and private sectors, two for the private sector only, and five did not report the sector. More than half of WHO Member States (100 countries) recommend annual seasonal influenza vaccination for all four of the WHO recommended priority groups. Influenza vaccination coverage data were reported by 64 countries; globally the median coverage rates varied by group: 37 % for pregnant women, 55 % for older adults and 62 % for health workers.
Discussion: The number of countries using seasonal influenza vaccines has grown over time, but there is still opportunity for continued development and strengthening of national programmes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To support countries, WHO is providing technical guidance and resources to enable better reporting of influenza vaccination data. More complete and higher quality data will help countries and global health stakeholders to support national decision-making and programme strengthening. Where available, WHO encourages countries to co-administer influenza and COVID-19 vaccination to increase programmatic efficiency and coverage of both vaccines among recommended groups.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>39299001</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126274</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0264-410X |
| ispartof | Vaccine, 2024-12, Vol.42 (26), p.126274-None, Article 126274 |
| issn | 0264-410X 1873-2518 1873-2518 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_11672237 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Adults At risk populations Availability Children Chronic conditions COVID-19 COVID-19 infection death Decision making Female Global Health Health Policy Humans Immunization Immunization Programs - statistics & numerical data Influenza influenza vaccination influenza vaccines Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage Influenza, Human - prevention & control issues and policy Medical personnel Monitoring and evaluation Older people Policies Policy Pregnancy Private sector Public health Public sector Seasonal Seasons stakeholders Strengthening Vaccination Vaccination - statistics & numerical data Vaccines World Health Organization |
| title | Seasonal influenza vaccination: A global review of national policies in 194 WHO member states in 2022 |
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