Lactation-related dynamics of bacterial and fungal microbiomes in feces of sows and gut colonization in suckling and newly weaned piglets

Changes in the gut microbial composition of the sow during lactation may influence the gut microbial colonization in their offspring, for which less information was available in the literature. This study aimed to assess: 1) the changes that occur in the bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of animal science 2024-01, Vol.102
Hauptverfasser: Yosi, Fitra, Lerch, Frederike, Vötterl, Julia C, Koger, Simone, Verhovsek, Doris, Metzler-Zebeli, Barbara U
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container_title Journal of animal science
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Vötterl, Julia C
Koger, Simone
Verhovsek, Doris
Metzler-Zebeli, Barbara U
description Changes in the gut microbial composition of the sow during lactation may influence the gut microbial colonization in their offspring, for which less information was available in the literature. This study aimed to assess: 1) the changes that occur in the bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces during the 28-d lactation period as well as in gastric and cecal digesta of piglets until one week after weaning, and 2) bacterial and fungal taxa in cecal digesta of the piglets postweaning that associate with fecal consistency. Aside from sow milk, piglets had access to creep feed from day of life (DoL) 3. Fecal samples from sows for microbial analysis were collected (n = 20) on days postpartum (DPP) 1, 6, 13, 20, and 27, as well as from weaned piglets for fecal scoring on DoL 30 and 34. Gastric and cecal digesta of piglets was collected on DoL3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 31, and 35 (n = 5/sex/DoL). Progressing lactation affected bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces, including 10.3- and 3.0-fold increases in the relative abundances of Lactobacillus from DPP1 to 6 and Kazachstania from DPP1 to 13, respectively (P 
doi_str_mv 10.1093/jas/skae321
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This study aimed to assess: 1) the changes that occur in the bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces during the 28-d lactation period as well as in gastric and cecal digesta of piglets until one week after weaning, and 2) bacterial and fungal taxa in cecal digesta of the piglets postweaning that associate with fecal consistency. Aside from sow milk, piglets had access to creep feed from day of life (DoL) 3. Fecal samples from sows for microbial analysis were collected (n = 20) on days postpartum (DPP) 1, 6, 13, 20, and 27, as well as from weaned piglets for fecal scoring on DoL 30 and 34. Gastric and cecal digesta of piglets was collected on DoL3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 31, and 35 (n = 5/sex/DoL). Progressing lactation affected bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces, including 10.3- and 3.0-fold increases in the relative abundances of Lactobacillus from DPP1 to 6 and Kazachstania from DPP1 to 13, respectively (P < 0.001). Although time- and gut-site-related differences existed, bacterial and fungal taxa found in sow feces were also present in gastric and cecal digesta of piglets, which supports their role in gut colonization in neonatal piglets. In piglets, bacterial and fungal alpha-diversities showed certain fluctuations during the suckling period, whereby weaning affected the fungal than bacterial diversity at both gut sites (P < 0.05). At both gut sites, Lactobacillus largely increased from DoL3 to 7 and remained a dominating taxon until DoL35 (P < 0.05). Postweaning, plant-glycan fermenters (e.g., Prevotella-9) seemed to replace milk-glycan fermenting Fusobacterium and Bacteroides (P < 0.05). In gastric and cecal digesta, Kazachstania, Tausonia, Candida, and Blumeria were dominating fungi from DoL3 to 35, with Kazachstania becoming even more dominant postweaning (P < 0.001). Fecal consistency was softer on DoL34 than 30 (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis identified that softer feces were linked to the relative abundances of plant-glycan and proteolytic bacterial taxa including pathobionts (e.g., Clostridium sensu stricto) in the cecum on DoL34. 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This study aimed to assess: 1) the changes that occur in the bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces during the 28-d lactation period as well as in gastric and cecal digesta of piglets until one week after weaning, and 2) bacterial and fungal taxa in cecal digesta of the piglets postweaning that associate with fecal consistency. Aside from sow milk, piglets had access to creep feed from day of life (DoL) 3. Fecal samples from sows for microbial analysis were collected (n = 20) on days postpartum (DPP) 1, 6, 13, 20, and 27, as well as from weaned piglets for fecal scoring on DoL 30 and 34. Gastric and cecal digesta of piglets was collected on DoL3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 31, and 35 (n = 5/sex/DoL). Progressing lactation affected bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces, including 10.3- and 3.0-fold increases in the relative abundances of Lactobacillus from DPP1 to 6 and Kazachstania from DPP1 to 13, respectively (P < 0.001). Although time- and gut-site-related differences existed, bacterial and fungal taxa found in sow feces were also present in gastric and cecal digesta of piglets, which supports their role in gut colonization in neonatal piglets. In piglets, bacterial and fungal alpha-diversities showed certain fluctuations during the suckling period, whereby weaning affected the fungal than bacterial diversity at both gut sites (P < 0.05). At both gut sites, Lactobacillus largely increased from DoL3 to 7 and remained a dominating taxon until DoL35 (P < 0.05). Postweaning, plant-glycan fermenters (e.g., Prevotella-9) seemed to replace milk-glycan fermenting Fusobacterium and Bacteroides (P < 0.05). In gastric and cecal digesta, Kazachstania, Tausonia, Candida, and Blumeria were dominating fungi from DoL3 to 35, with Kazachstania becoming even more dominant postweaning (P < 0.001). Fecal consistency was softer on DoL34 than 30 (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis identified that softer feces were linked to the relative abundances of plant-glycan and proteolytic bacterial taxa including pathobionts (e.g., Clostridium sensu stricto) in the cecum on DoL34. However, the potential association between cecal mold and plant-pathogenic fungi Talaromyces, Mrakia, and Blumeria and softer feces are worth investigating in the future in relation to (gut) health of piglets.]]></description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Newborn - microbiology</subject><subject>Animals, Suckling - microbiology</subject><subject>Bacteria - classification</subject><subject>Bacteria - genetics</subject><subject>Bacteria - isolation &amp; purification</subject><subject>Cecum - microbiology</subject><subject>Feces - microbiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fungi - classification</subject><subject>Fungi - isolation &amp; purification</subject><subject>Fungi - physiology</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Microbiome</subject><subject>Lactation - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microbiology and Microbiome</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Weaning</subject><issn>0021-8812</issn><issn>1525-3163</issn><issn>1525-3163</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkU9v1DAQxS0EotvCiTvKEQmFemzHTk4IVUCRVuICZ8txxsGtYy9x0tXyDfjWuNulgtOM9H568-cR8groO6Adv7wx-TLfGuQMnpANNKypOUj-lGwoZVC3LbAzcp7zDaXAmq55Ts54JySVDd2Q31tjF7P4FOsZg1lwqIZDNJO3uUqu6ouKszehMnGo3BrH0hZxTr1PE-bKx8qhxSOc0z4fuXFdKptCiv7X0fqeyqu9DT6ORyDiPhyqPZpY5u38GHDJL8gzZ0LGl6d6Qb5_-vjt6rrefv385erDtraM86XmslEKEYENLYByKGUnBTJne6aGputkq5yw4KxQpud9L1wr2CBUg6pVwvIL8v7Bd7f2Ew4W4zKboHezn8x80Ml4_b8S_Q89pjsNIKkAoMXhzclhTj9XzIuefLYYQjknrVlzYECl4G1T0LcPaPlYzjO6xzlA9X16uqSnT-kV-vW_qz2yf-PifwA0oJrG</recordid><startdate>20240103</startdate><enddate>20240103</enddate><creator>Yosi, Fitra</creator><creator>Lerch, Frederike</creator><creator>Vötterl, Julia C</creator><creator>Koger, Simone</creator><creator>Verhovsek, Doris</creator><creator>Metzler-Zebeli, Barbara U</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-4957</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240103</creationdate><title>Lactation-related dynamics of bacterial and fungal microbiomes in feces of sows and gut colonization in suckling and newly weaned piglets</title><author>Yosi, Fitra ; Lerch, Frederike ; Vötterl, Julia C ; Koger, Simone ; Verhovsek, Doris ; Metzler-Zebeli, Barbara U</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c233t-36577eee12d8117fe66964e2fcb27d599687f4c1fc47ab3bb4f842d475e7874c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Newborn - microbiology</topic><topic>Animals, Suckling - microbiology</topic><topic>Bacteria - classification</topic><topic>Bacteria - genetics</topic><topic>Bacteria - isolation &amp; purification</topic><topic>Cecum - microbiology</topic><topic>Feces - microbiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fungi - classification</topic><topic>Fungi - isolation &amp; purification</topic><topic>Fungi - physiology</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Microbiome</topic><topic>Lactation - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Microbiology and Microbiome</topic><topic>Swine</topic><topic>Weaning</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yosi, Fitra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lerch, Frederike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vötterl, Julia C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koger, Simone</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verhovsek, Doris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Metzler-Zebeli, Barbara U</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of animal science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yosi, Fitra</au><au>Lerch, Frederike</au><au>Vötterl, Julia C</au><au>Koger, Simone</au><au>Verhovsek, Doris</au><au>Metzler-Zebeli, Barbara U</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Lactation-related dynamics of bacterial and fungal microbiomes in feces of sows and gut colonization in suckling and newly weaned piglets</atitle><jtitle>Journal of animal science</jtitle><addtitle>J Anim Sci</addtitle><date>2024-01-03</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>102</volume><issn>0021-8812</issn><issn>1525-3163</issn><eissn>1525-3163</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Changes in the gut microbial composition of the sow during lactation may influence the gut microbial colonization in their offspring, for which less information was available in the literature. This study aimed to assess: 1) the changes that occur in the bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces during the 28-d lactation period as well as in gastric and cecal digesta of piglets until one week after weaning, and 2) bacterial and fungal taxa in cecal digesta of the piglets postweaning that associate with fecal consistency. Aside from sow milk, piglets had access to creep feed from day of life (DoL) 3. Fecal samples from sows for microbial analysis were collected (n = 20) on days postpartum (DPP) 1, 6, 13, 20, and 27, as well as from weaned piglets for fecal scoring on DoL 30 and 34. Gastric and cecal digesta of piglets was collected on DoL3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 31, and 35 (n = 5/sex/DoL). Progressing lactation affected bacterial and fungal communities in sow feces, including 10.3- and 3.0-fold increases in the relative abundances of Lactobacillus from DPP1 to 6 and Kazachstania from DPP1 to 13, respectively (P < 0.001). Although time- and gut-site-related differences existed, bacterial and fungal taxa found in sow feces were also present in gastric and cecal digesta of piglets, which supports their role in gut colonization in neonatal piglets. In piglets, bacterial and fungal alpha-diversities showed certain fluctuations during the suckling period, whereby weaning affected the fungal than bacterial diversity at both gut sites (P < 0.05). At both gut sites, Lactobacillus largely increased from DoL3 to 7 and remained a dominating taxon until DoL35 (P < 0.05). Postweaning, plant-glycan fermenters (e.g., Prevotella-9) seemed to replace milk-glycan fermenting Fusobacterium and Bacteroides (P < 0.05). In gastric and cecal digesta, Kazachstania, Tausonia, Candida, and Blumeria were dominating fungi from DoL3 to 35, with Kazachstania becoming even more dominant postweaning (P < 0.001). Fecal consistency was softer on DoL34 than 30 (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis identified that softer feces were linked to the relative abundances of plant-glycan and proteolytic bacterial taxa including pathobionts (e.g., Clostridium sensu stricto) in the cecum on DoL34. However, the potential association between cecal mold and plant-pathogenic fungi Talaromyces, Mrakia, and Blumeria and softer feces are worth investigating in the future in relation to (gut) health of piglets.]]></abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>39460650</pmid><doi>10.1093/jas/skae321</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-4957</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central
subjects Animals
Animals, Newborn - microbiology
Animals, Suckling - microbiology
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - genetics
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Cecum - microbiology
Feces - microbiology
Female
Fungi - classification
Fungi - isolation & purification
Fungi - physiology
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Lactation - physiology
Male
Microbiology and Microbiome
Swine
Weaning
title Lactation-related dynamics of bacterial and fungal microbiomes in feces of sows and gut colonization in suckling and newly weaned piglets
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