Analysis of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue and Liver of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle Pelodiscus sinensis During Hibernation
Hibernation serves as an energy-conserving strategy that enables animals to withstand harsh environments by reducing their metabolic rate significantly. However, the mechanisms underlying energy adaptation in hibernating ectotherms, such as , remain contentious. This paper first reports the decrease...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2024-11, Vol.25 (22), p.12124 |
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| creator | Jin, Feng You, Yunfei Wan, Junliang Zhu, Huaiyi Peng, Kou Hu, Zhenying Zeng, Qi Hu, Beijuan Wang, Junhua Duan, Jingjing Hong, Yijiang |
| description | Hibernation serves as an energy-conserving strategy that enables animals to withstand harsh environments by reducing their metabolic rate significantly. However, the mechanisms underlying energy adaptation in hibernating ectotherms, such as
, remain contentious. This paper first reports the decrease in lipid levels and the expression of metabolism-related genes in
during hibernation. The results of physiological and biochemical analysis showed that adipocyte cell size was reduced and liver lipid droplet (LD) contents were decreased during hibernation in
. Concurrently, serum levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) were diminished (n = 8,
< 0.01), while an increase in serum glucose (Glu) (n = 8,
< 0.01) was noted among hibernating
. These observations suggest a shift in energy metabolism during hibernation. To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms, we performed integrated transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses of adipose tissue and livers from summer-active versus overwintering
, which revealed downregulation of free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides (TGs), diglycerides (DGs), and ceramides (Cers) during hibernation. The results of GSEA analysis showed that metabolic pathways associated with lipid metabolism, including glycerolipid metabolism and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, were suppressed significantly. Notably, acute cold exposure induced significant downregulation of genes related to lipolysis such as
,
,
,
, and
. The results indicate that lipolysis is suppressed during hibernation in
. Collectively, these findings deepen our understanding of survival mechanisms and elucidate the unique energy adaptation strategies employed by hibernating ectotherms. Future research should explore the implications of these findings for the conservation of ectotherms and the applications for artificially inducing hibernation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms252212124 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_11595087</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A818337280</galeid><sourcerecordid>A818337280</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c330t-efcb6e2ec55ea6a2258ab71089cde905769cbab33b23342ef7c17ec0f67d558b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptkk1rGzEQhpfS0qRpj70WQS-9bKIPa3d1Ksb9SMElgbhnodXO2mO0kivtBnLpb6-MUxOHMgeJmWfe0SumKN4zeimEole4HRKXnLMcsxfFOZtxXlJa1S-f3M-KNyltKeWCS_W6OBNKqoopfl78mXvjHhImEnqyxB125CeMpg0O00DQk3mHu5CArDClCYjxXcbuIe75xQY95Npd6MfybgPOQUdWUxwdkFtwocNkp0RSpvx-xJcpol-Ta2whejNi8G-LV71xCd49nhfFr29fV4vrcnnz_cdiviytEHQsobdtBRyslGAqw7lsTFsz2ijbgaKyrpRtTStEy4WYcehry2qwtK_qTsqmFRfF54PubmoH6Cz4MRqndxEHEx90MKhPKx43eh3uNWNSSdrUWeHTo0IMvydIox6yu2zZeAhT0oLlyfkhsyqjH5-h2zBlw-5AUSWaHEdqbRxo9H3Ig-1eVM8b1ghR84Zm6vI_VI4OBrTBQ485f9JQHhpsDClF6I8mGdX7jdEnG5P5D09_5kj_WxHxF1ufvTI</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3133093838</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Analysis of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue and Liver of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle Pelodiscus sinensis During Hibernation</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Jin, Feng ; You, Yunfei ; Wan, Junliang ; Zhu, Huaiyi ; Peng, Kou ; Hu, Zhenying ; Zeng, Qi ; Hu, Beijuan ; Wang, Junhua ; Duan, Jingjing ; Hong, Yijiang</creator><creatorcontrib>Jin, Feng ; You, Yunfei ; Wan, Junliang ; Zhu, Huaiyi ; Peng, Kou ; Hu, Zhenying ; Zeng, Qi ; Hu, Beijuan ; Wang, Junhua ; Duan, Jingjing ; Hong, Yijiang</creatorcontrib><description>Hibernation serves as an energy-conserving strategy that enables animals to withstand harsh environments by reducing their metabolic rate significantly. However, the mechanisms underlying energy adaptation in hibernating ectotherms, such as
, remain contentious. This paper first reports the decrease in lipid levels and the expression of metabolism-related genes in
during hibernation. The results of physiological and biochemical analysis showed that adipocyte cell size was reduced and liver lipid droplet (LD) contents were decreased during hibernation in
. Concurrently, serum levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) were diminished (n = 8,
< 0.01), while an increase in serum glucose (Glu) (n = 8,
< 0.01) was noted among hibernating
. These observations suggest a shift in energy metabolism during hibernation. To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms, we performed integrated transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses of adipose tissue and livers from summer-active versus overwintering
, which revealed downregulation of free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides (TGs), diglycerides (DGs), and ceramides (Cers) during hibernation. The results of GSEA analysis showed that metabolic pathways associated with lipid metabolism, including glycerolipid metabolism and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, were suppressed significantly. Notably, acute cold exposure induced significant downregulation of genes related to lipolysis such as
,
,
,
, and
. The results indicate that lipolysis is suppressed during hibernation in
. Collectively, these findings deepen our understanding of survival mechanisms and elucidate the unique energy adaptation strategies employed by hibernating ectotherms. Future research should explore the implications of these findings for the conservation of ectotherms and the applications for artificially inducing hibernation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms252212124</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39596192</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adipocytes - metabolism ; Adipose Tissue - metabolism ; Adipose tissues ; Amino acids ; Animals ; Ceramides ; Cold ; Energy Metabolism ; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ; Genes ; Hibernation ; Hibernation - physiology ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipids ; Liver ; Liver - metabolism ; Low density lipoproteins ; Physiological aspects ; Reptiles & amphibians ; Transcriptome ; Triglycerides - blood ; Triglycerides - metabolism ; Turtles - genetics ; Turtles - metabolism ; Wildlife conservation</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2024-11, Vol.25 (22), p.12124</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c330t-efcb6e2ec55ea6a2258ab71089cde905769cbab33b23342ef7c17ec0f67d558b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4014-460X ; 0009-0009-6387-901X ; 0000-0003-2716-2627</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11595087/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11595087/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,725,778,782,883,27911,27912,53778,53780</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39596192$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jin, Feng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>You, Yunfei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wan, Junliang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Huaiyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peng, Kou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Zhenying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeng, Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Beijuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Junhua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Jingjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Yijiang</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue and Liver of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle Pelodiscus sinensis During Hibernation</title><title>International journal of molecular sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><description>Hibernation serves as an energy-conserving strategy that enables animals to withstand harsh environments by reducing their metabolic rate significantly. However, the mechanisms underlying energy adaptation in hibernating ectotherms, such as
, remain contentious. This paper first reports the decrease in lipid levels and the expression of metabolism-related genes in
during hibernation. The results of physiological and biochemical analysis showed that adipocyte cell size was reduced and liver lipid droplet (LD) contents were decreased during hibernation in
. Concurrently, serum levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) were diminished (n = 8,
< 0.01), while an increase in serum glucose (Glu) (n = 8,
< 0.01) was noted among hibernating
. These observations suggest a shift in energy metabolism during hibernation. To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms, we performed integrated transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses of adipose tissue and livers from summer-active versus overwintering
, which revealed downregulation of free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides (TGs), diglycerides (DGs), and ceramides (Cers) during hibernation. The results of GSEA analysis showed that metabolic pathways associated with lipid metabolism, including glycerolipid metabolism and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, were suppressed significantly. Notably, acute cold exposure induced significant downregulation of genes related to lipolysis such as
,
,
,
, and
. The results indicate that lipolysis is suppressed during hibernation in
. Collectively, these findings deepen our understanding of survival mechanisms and elucidate the unique energy adaptation strategies employed by hibernating ectotherms. Future research should explore the implications of these findings for the conservation of ectotherms and the applications for artificially inducing hibernation.</description><subject>Adipocytes - metabolism</subject><subject>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</subject><subject>Adipose tissues</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Ceramides</subject><subject>Cold</subject><subject>Energy Metabolism</subject><subject>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Hibernation</subject><subject>Hibernation - physiology</subject><subject>Lipid Metabolism</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver - metabolism</subject><subject>Low density lipoproteins</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Reptiles & amphibians</subject><subject>Transcriptome</subject><subject>Triglycerides - blood</subject><subject>Triglycerides - metabolism</subject><subject>Turtles - genetics</subject><subject>Turtles - metabolism</subject><subject>Wildlife conservation</subject><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><issn>1422-0067</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNptkk1rGzEQhpfS0qRpj70WQS-9bKIPa3d1Ksb9SMElgbhnodXO2mO0kivtBnLpb6-MUxOHMgeJmWfe0SumKN4zeimEole4HRKXnLMcsxfFOZtxXlJa1S-f3M-KNyltKeWCS_W6OBNKqoopfl78mXvjHhImEnqyxB125CeMpg0O00DQk3mHu5CArDClCYjxXcbuIe75xQY95Npd6MfybgPOQUdWUxwdkFtwocNkp0RSpvx-xJcpol-Ta2whejNi8G-LV71xCd49nhfFr29fV4vrcnnz_cdiviytEHQsobdtBRyslGAqw7lsTFsz2ijbgaKyrpRtTStEy4WYcehry2qwtK_qTsqmFRfF54PubmoH6Cz4MRqndxEHEx90MKhPKx43eh3uNWNSSdrUWeHTo0IMvydIox6yu2zZeAhT0oLlyfkhsyqjH5-h2zBlw-5AUSWaHEdqbRxo9H3Ig-1eVM8b1ghR84Zm6vI_VI4OBrTBQ485f9JQHhpsDClF6I8mGdX7jdEnG5P5D09_5kj_WxHxF1ufvTI</recordid><startdate>20241112</startdate><enddate>20241112</enddate><creator>Jin, Feng</creator><creator>You, Yunfei</creator><creator>Wan, Junliang</creator><creator>Zhu, Huaiyi</creator><creator>Peng, Kou</creator><creator>Hu, Zhenying</creator><creator>Zeng, Qi</creator><creator>Hu, Beijuan</creator><creator>Wang, Junhua</creator><creator>Duan, Jingjing</creator><creator>Hong, Yijiang</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4014-460X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6387-901X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2716-2627</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241112</creationdate><title>Analysis of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue and Liver of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle Pelodiscus sinensis During Hibernation</title><author>Jin, Feng ; You, Yunfei ; Wan, Junliang ; Zhu, Huaiyi ; Peng, Kou ; Hu, Zhenying ; Zeng, Qi ; Hu, Beijuan ; Wang, Junhua ; Duan, Jingjing ; Hong, Yijiang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c330t-efcb6e2ec55ea6a2258ab71089cde905769cbab33b23342ef7c17ec0f67d558b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adipocytes - metabolism</topic><topic>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</topic><topic>Adipose tissues</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Ceramides</topic><topic>Cold</topic><topic>Energy Metabolism</topic><topic>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Hibernation</topic><topic>Hibernation - physiology</topic><topic>Lipid Metabolism</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver - metabolism</topic><topic>Low density lipoproteins</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Reptiles & amphibians</topic><topic>Transcriptome</topic><topic>Triglycerides - blood</topic><topic>Triglycerides - metabolism</topic><topic>Turtles - genetics</topic><topic>Turtles - metabolism</topic><topic>Wildlife conservation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jin, Feng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>You, Yunfei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wan, Junliang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Huaiyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peng, Kou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Zhenying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeng, Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Beijuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Junhua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Jingjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Yijiang</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jin, Feng</au><au>You, Yunfei</au><au>Wan, Junliang</au><au>Zhu, Huaiyi</au><au>Peng, Kou</au><au>Hu, Zhenying</au><au>Zeng, Qi</au><au>Hu, Beijuan</au><au>Wang, Junhua</au><au>Duan, Jingjing</au><au>Hong, Yijiang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue and Liver of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle Pelodiscus sinensis During Hibernation</atitle><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><date>2024-11-12</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>12124</spage><pages>12124-</pages><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><eissn>1422-0067</eissn><abstract>Hibernation serves as an energy-conserving strategy that enables animals to withstand harsh environments by reducing their metabolic rate significantly. However, the mechanisms underlying energy adaptation in hibernating ectotherms, such as
, remain contentious. This paper first reports the decrease in lipid levels and the expression of metabolism-related genes in
during hibernation. The results of physiological and biochemical analysis showed that adipocyte cell size was reduced and liver lipid droplet (LD) contents were decreased during hibernation in
. Concurrently, serum levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) were diminished (n = 8,
< 0.01), while an increase in serum glucose (Glu) (n = 8,
< 0.01) was noted among hibernating
. These observations suggest a shift in energy metabolism during hibernation. To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms, we performed integrated transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses of adipose tissue and livers from summer-active versus overwintering
, which revealed downregulation of free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides (TGs), diglycerides (DGs), and ceramides (Cers) during hibernation. The results of GSEA analysis showed that metabolic pathways associated with lipid metabolism, including glycerolipid metabolism and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, were suppressed significantly. Notably, acute cold exposure induced significant downregulation of genes related to lipolysis such as
,
,
,
, and
. The results indicate that lipolysis is suppressed during hibernation in
. Collectively, these findings deepen our understanding of survival mechanisms and elucidate the unique energy adaptation strategies employed by hibernating ectotherms. Future research should explore the implications of these findings for the conservation of ectotherms and the applications for artificially inducing hibernation.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39596192</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijms252212124</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4014-460X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6387-901X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2716-2627</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adipocytes - metabolism Adipose Tissue - metabolism Adipose tissues Amino acids Animals Ceramides Cold Energy Metabolism Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Genes Hibernation Hibernation - physiology Lipid Metabolism Lipids Liver Liver - metabolism Low density lipoproteins Physiological aspects Reptiles & amphibians Transcriptome Triglycerides - blood Triglycerides - metabolism Turtles - genetics Turtles - metabolism Wildlife conservation |
| title | Analysis of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue and Liver of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle Pelodiscus sinensis During Hibernation |
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